| 单词 | 指示代词 |
| 释义 | 〔here〕Used for emphasis after a noun modified by a demonstrative pronoun:用于由指示代词修饰的名词之后表强调：〔this〕This and that are both used as demonstrative pronouns to refer to a thought expressed earlier: This 和 that 均用作指示代词， 指前面表达过的想法： 〔here〕Used for emphasis after a demonstrative pronoun:用于指示代词之后表强调：〔kind〕The use of the plural demonstrativesthese and those with kind and sort, as inthese kind (or sort ) of films, has been a traditional bugbear of American grammarians. By and large,British grammarians have been more tolerant,and the construction can be found in the works of British writers from Pope to Dickens to Churchill.Grammatically, the question boils down towhetherkind and sort should be treated as head nouns (analogous to species or variety, for example) or whether they have become semantically weakened to the status of a sort of phrasal quantifierthat functions like an adjective,analogous in some ways tobunch and number in expressions such asa bunch of friends, a number of reasons. Ifkind and sort are unambiguously nouns, one would expect to see only singular demonstratives and singular verbs accompanying them: 复数形式的指示代词these 和 those 与 kind 和 sort 的用法， 如these kind （或 sort ） of films， 成为美国语法专家长期感到头痛的问题。 总的说来，英国语法专家对此更能容忍，这一句法结构可以在从蒲柏到狄更斯以至丘吉尔这些英国作家的著作中找到。在语法上，问题归结起来是，是否kind 和 sort 应当作中心词名词（例如，与 species 或 variety 类似）， 或者是否他们语义上减弱到一种数量词短语的地位，其功能像一个形容词，某些方面类似于bunch 和 number ， 其表述例如一群朋友，一大堆理由。 如果kind 和 sort 是明确的名词， 人们应该希望只看到单数指示代词和与之相伴的单数动词： 〔kind〕In fact, thekind of construction can be plausibly analyzed either way, which is doubtless why writers have mixed and matched the number of demonstratives and verbs in just about every possible combination.We find reputable precedent forthis kind of films are, these kind of films are, this kind of films is, these kind of films is, and so on. There are only two reliable regularities:when the pluralkinds is used, the demonstrative and the verb must also be plural: 实际上，kind of 结构可以用任一方式分析， 这毫无疑问是作家混用了指示代词和动词的每一种可能的结合，并且每一种结合的数量大致相等的原因。我们找到规范的先例，如this kind of films are, these kind of films are, this kind of films is, these kind of films is 等等。 只有两种可信赖的规律：当复数kinds 使用时， 指示代词和动词也只是复数： 〔demonstrative〕the demonstrative pronounsthese and that . 指示代词these（这些） 和 that（那） 〔she〕probably alteration of Old English sēo [feminine demonstrative pron.] * see so- 可能为 古英语 sēo的变化 [雌性指示代词] * 参见 so- 〔the〕alteration influenced by thæt [neuter demonstrative pron.] thæs [genitive demonstrative pron., etc.] 受 thæt的影响 [中性指示代词] thæs [所有格指示代词等] 〔the〕of se [masculine demonstrative pron.] * see so- se的变化 [阳性指示代词] * 参见 so- 〔definitive〕A word that defines or limits, such as the definite article or a demonstrative pronoun.限定词：起限定或限制作用的词，如定冠词或指示代词〔kind〕If they are functioning as adjectives, however,the plural demonstrative and plural verb should be acceptable: 然而，如果它们的功能象形容词，那么复数指示代词和复数动词是能够接受的： 〔demonstrative〕A demonstrative pronoun or adjective.指示代词或指示形容词 |
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