| 单词 | 资本主义 |
| 释义 | 〔Marxism〕The political and economic ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, specifically a system of thought in which the concept of class struggle plays a primary role in analyzing Western society in general and in understanding its allegedly inevitable development from bourgeois oppression under capitalism to a socialist society and thence to Communism.马克思主义：卡尔·马克思和佛雷德里奇·恩格斯的政治、经济理论，尤指其思想体系。该思想体系中，阶级斗争观念对于西方社会的总体分析以及资本主义阶级压迫、资产阶级最终由社会主义社会所代替并最终到达共产主义的分析上起着重要的作用〔Weber〕German sociologist and a pioneer of the modern analytical method of sociology. His works includeThe Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904-1905). 韦伯，马克斯：(1864-1920) 德国社会学家，社会学的现代分析方法的先行者。他的作品包括《基督新教伦理和资本主义精神》 （1904-1905年） 〔capitalist〕A supporter of capitalism.资本主义者：支持资本主义的人〔antagonism〕the inherent antagonism of capitalism and socialism.资本主义和社会主义的根本对立状态〔Williams〕Trinidadian politician and intellectual who led his country to independence from Britain and became its first prime minister (1962-1981). A noted historian, his works include the classicCapitalism and Slavery (1944). 威廉斯，艾力克：特立尼达政治家和知识分子，领导特立尼达从英国独立，并担任第一届总理（1962年-1981年）。是著名的历史学家，作品包括经典之作的《资本主义与奴隶制》 （1944年） 〔communism〕The Marxist-Leninist version of Communist doctrine that advocates the overthrow of capitalism by the revolution of the proletariat.共产主义：共产主义学说的马克思--列宁主义，拥护通过无产阶级革命推翻资本主义〔capitalistic〕Of or relating to capitalism or capitalists.资本主义的：资本主义或资本家的或与之相关的〔capitalism〕An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately or corporately owned and development is proportionate to the accumulation and reinvestment of profits gained in a free market.资本主义：一种经济制度，在该制度中，生产资料和分配为私人或企业所有，生产的发展与从自由市场中所获利润的聚集和再投入成比例〔tradeoff〕"a fundamental trade-off between capitalist prosperity and economic security"(David A. Stockman)“在资本主义繁荣与经济保障之间的基础性交易”(戴维A.斯托克曼)〔Schumpeter〕Czechoslovakian-born American economist known for his theories of the development of capitalism.顺彼得，约瑟夫·阿洛斯：(1883-1950) 捷克斯洛伐克裔美国经济学家，以其资本主义发展理论著名〔extrinsic〕an economic theory alien to the spirit of capitalism. 完全不同于资本主义本质的经济理论 〔capitalistic〕Favoring or practicing capitalism:支持或实行资本主义制度的：〔enterprise〕Private enterprise is basic to capitalism.私营是资本主义的基础〔Lenin〕Russian founder of the Bolsheviks, leader of the Russian Revolution (1917), and first head of the U.S.S.R. (1917-1924). As a communist theoretician Lenin held that workers could not develop a revolutionary consciousness without the guidance of a vanguard party and that imperialism was a particular stage of capitalist development.列宁，弗拉基米尔·伊里奇：(1870-1924) 苏联布尔什维克的缔造者，俄国十月革命(1917年）的领导者，是前苏联的第一任领导人(1917-1924年）。作为一名共产主义的理论家，列宁认为：没有先驱政党的指导，工人就不能发展革命意识；帝国主义是资本主义发展过程中的一个特殊阶段〔Wobbly〕A member of the Industrial Workers of the World, a chiefly US labor organization dedicated to the overthrow of capitalism, active especially in the early 1900s.世界产业工人组织的会员：世界产业工人组织的成员，是致力于推翻资本主义的美国主要劳工组织，尤其活跃于九零年代〔Tawney〕British economic historian noted for his studies of the development of capitalism, includingReligion and the Rise of Capitalism (1926). 托尼，理查德·亨利：(1880-1962) 英国经济史学家，以他对资本主义发展的研究而著名，包括《宗教与资本主义的兴起》 （1926年） |
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