| 单词 | 西班牙 |
| 释义 | 〔Sagunto〕A city of eastern Spain north-northeast of Valencia. Founded by Greek colonists and later allied with Rome, it was besieged and captured by Carthaginian forces led by Hannibal (219-218b.c. ), thus precipitating the Second Punic War. Segunto was held by the Moors from a.d. 713 until 1238. Population, 57,380. 萨贡托市：西班牙东部一城市，位于巴伦西亚的东北偏北，由希腊殖民者建立，后来与罗马结盟，(公元 219-218年）被汉尼拔率领的迦太基人围攻并占领，由此导致了第二次布匿战争。摩尔人从 公元 713年到1238年一直控制萨贡托市。人口57,380 〔Sephardi〕from Sĕpārad [Spain] 源自 Sĕpārad [西班牙] 〔Visigoth〕A member of the western Goths that invaded the Roman Empire in the fourth centurya.d. and settled in France and Spain, establishing a monarchy that lasted until the early eighth century. 维斯哥特人：西哥特人，在公元 4世纪入侵罗马帝国，并定居在法国和西班牙，所建立的封建君主制持续到8世纪初 〔peseta〕A basic unit of currency in Andorra and Spain. See table at currency 比塞塔：安道尔与西班牙的基本货币单位 参见 currency〔Burgos〕A city of northern Spain on a high plateau south-southwest of Bilbao. Founded c. 884, it was the capital of the kingdom of Castile in the 11th century. Population, 155,849.布尔戈斯：西班牙北部一个城市，位于毕尔巴鄂西南偏南的高原上。建于约公元884年，它是11世纪卡斯提王国的首都。人口155,849〔Aztec〕A member of a people of central Mexico whose civilization was at its height at the time of the Spanish conquest in the early 16th century.阿兹特克族：墨西哥中部民族的一支，其文明程度的最高峰处于16世纪初西班牙的攻占时期〔Asturias〕A region and former kingdom of northwest Spain south of the Bay of Biscay. The original Iberian inhabitants were conquered by Rome in the second centuryb.c. 阿斯图里亚斯：西班牙西北部一地区和前王国，位于比斯开湾以南。最初的伊比利亚居民于公元前 2世纪被罗马征服 〔Orense〕A city of northwest Spain east of Vigo. Its hot sulfur springs have been known since Roman times. Population, 85,500.奥伦塞：西班牙西北部城市，位于维哥东部。自罗马时代起即以热硫磺温泉为人所知人口。85,500〔Oran〕A city of northwest Algeria on theGulf of Oran, an inlet of the Mediterranean Sea west-southwest of Algiers. Built on a site occupied since prehistoric times, Oran was captured by the Spanish in 1509 and by the Turks in 1708. It was occupied by the French in 1831 and held by Vichy France during World War II. Allied troops liberated the city in November 1942. Population, 409,788. 奥兰：阿尔及利亚西北部一座城市，位于奥兰湾畔， 该湾处阿尔及尔西南偏西，是地中海的入海口。奥兰建立于自史前即有人占据的地址上，1509年被西班牙占领，1708年被土耳其据有。1831年被法国占据并在二战其间被法兰西维希帝国统治。1942年11月盟军解放该城。人口409,788 〔Portugalete〕A city of northern Spain, a suburb of Bilbao on the Bay of Biscay. Population, 59,307.波图加莱特：西班牙北部城市，是比尔包的郊区，位于比斯开湾畔。人口59,307〔Quito〕The capital of Ecuador, in the north-central part of the country. Settled by the Quito people, it was captured by the Incas in 1487 and held by the Spanish from 1534 until 1822. The city has frequently been damaged by earthquakes. Population, 890,355.基多：厄瓜多尔首都，位于这个国家的中北部。最初由基多人定居，1487年被印加人占领，1534年至1822年为西班牙占领。该城经常遭地震破坏。人口890,355〔cacique〕A local political boss in Spain or Latin America.酋长：西班牙或拉丁美洲的地方政治首领〔Lully〕Spanish philosopher and mystic who attempted to identify the common elements shared by Christianity, Islam, and Judaism. His principal work isArs Magna ( The Great Art ). 卢力，雷芒德：(1235?-1316) 西班牙哲学家和神秘主义者。他试图分辨出基督教，伊斯兰教和犹太教的共同点。他的主要作品有《Ars Magna》 （ 《伟大的艺术》 ) 〔lespedeza〕after V.M. de Céspedez (misread as Léspedez ; fl. 1785), Spanish governor of Florida 源自V·M·德 塞斯佩德斯 （错读为 莱斯佩德斯 ， 1785年），美国佛罗里达的西班牙总督 〔Avenzoar〕Spanish-Arab physician and writer whosePractical Manual of Treatments and Diet showed an advanced understanding of the human body based on science rather than speculation. 阿文祖尔：具有西班牙和阿拉伯血统的医生和作家，他的《实用治疗与饮食手册》 阐明了他对人体基于科学而不是臆测的先进的理解 〔Hospitalet〕A city of northeast Spain, an industrial suburb of Barcelona. Population, 288,290.奥斯皮塔莱特：西班牙东北部一城市，为巴塞罗那的工业郊区。人口288,290〔sanbenito〕A garment of sackcloth worn at an auto-da-fé of the Spanish Inquisition by condemned heretics, being yellow with red crosses for the penitent and black with painted flames and devils for the impenitent.悔罪服：西班牙宗教裁判所审判仪式上被判罪的异教徒穿的一种粗麻布服装，忏悔者穿的为黄色，上有红十字图案；执迷不悟者穿的为黑色，上面绘有火焰和魔鬼图案〔Barcelona〕A city of northeast Spain on the Mediterranean Sea. Founded by the Carthaginians, it prospered under the Romans and Visigoths, fell to the Moors in 713, and was taken by Charlemagne's Frankish troops in 801. It has long been a center of Catalan separatism and of anarchic, socialist, and syndicalist movements. Population, 1,770,296.巴塞罗那：西班牙东北部临地中海的一个城市，由迦太基人建立，罗马人和西哥特人统治时一度繁荣，于713年落于摩尔人手中，801年又被查理曼尼的法兰克军队接管。曾长时间成为加泰罗尼亚分离主义和无政府主义，社会主义、工联主义运动的中心。人口1,770,296〔Douro〕A river rising in north-central Spain and flowing about 772 km (480 mi) westward then southwestward along the Spanish-Portuguese border. It enters the Atlantic Ocean at Oporto.杜罗河：发源于西班牙中北部的一条河流，流程772公里(480英里），沿西班牙-葡萄牙边境向西再向西南。在波尔图注入大西洋〔Vlissingen〕A city of southwest Netherlands on an island in the Schelde estuary and the North Sea. Chartered in 1247, it was one of the first Dutch towns to rebel against Spain (1572). Population, 26,500.弗利辛恩：荷兰西南部一城市，位于斯海尔德河岸和北海的一个岛屿上。1247年成为自治邦，它是丹麦第一个起来反抗西班牙的城镇(1572年）。人口26,500〔Ceuta〕A Spanish city of northwest Africa, an enclave in Morocco on the Strait of Gibraltar. A flourishing trade city under the Arabs, it was taken by the Portuguese in 1415 and passed to Spain in 1580. Population, 68,882.休达：非洲西北部西班牙一城市，为直布罗陀海峡处摩洛哥境内的一块孤立的土地。阿拉伯人统治时为一繁荣的贸易城市，1415年被葡萄牙人占领，1580年转让给西班牙。人口68,882〔pepper〕The podlike fruit of any of these plants, varying in size, shape, and degree of pungency, with the milder types including the bell pepper and pimiento, and the more pungent types including the cherry pepper.豆荚状胡椒：任何一种有豆荚状果实的此类植物，大小、形状和辛辣程度不等，味道较温和的包括花椒和西班牙辣椒，较刺激的有樱桃椒〔Guadalajara〕A city of central Spain northeast of Madrid. Built on the site of a flourishing Roman colony, it was held by the Moors from 714 to 1081. Population, 58,436.瓜达拉哈拉：西班牙中部一城市，位于马德里东北。建于一繁荣的罗马殖民地旧址上。公元714年到1081年被摩尔人占领。人口58,436〔Spanish〕Of or relating to Spain or its people or culture.西班牙的：西班牙的、西班牙人或其文化的、或与之有关的〔Murcia〕A city of southeast Spain north-northwest of Cartagena. Originally a Roman settlement, it was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Murcia. Population, 200,300.木尔西亚：西班牙的东南的城市，位于卡塔赫纳市西北偏北部。最初是罗马的殖民地，是古木尔西亚王国的首都。人口200,300〔Tarragona〕A city of northeast Spain on the Mediterranean Sea west-southwest of Barcelona. A leading town of Roman Spain after the third centuryb.c. , it fell to the Moors in a.d. 714. Population, 113,075. 塔拉戈纳：西班牙东北部一城市，位于地中海沿岸，巴塞罗纳西南偏西方。在公元前 3世纪以后它成为罗马统治下西班牙的一个重要城镇。在 公元 714年，该城落入摩尔人之手。人口113,075 〔alcazar〕A Spanish palace or fortress, originally one built by the Moors.宫殿，要塞：原指由摩尔人兴建的西班牙宫殿或要塞〔Oviedo〕A city of northwest Spain near the Cantabrian Mountains. Founded c. 760, it flourished as the capital of Asturian kings until 910. The city was severely damaged during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). Population, 189,376.奥维亚多：西班牙西北部的一个城市，位于坎特布里亚山的附近。建于760年，作为阿斯图里亚国王的首都繁荣兴旺到910年。该城市在西班牙内战(1936-1939年）中被严重毁坏。人口189,376〔Spanish〕from Spaine [Spain] 源自 Spaine [西班牙] 〔vara〕A Spanish, Portuguese, and Latin-American unit of linear measure varying from about 81 to 109 centimeters (32 to 43 inches).瓦拉：西班牙、葡萄牙和拉丁美洲的直线度量单位，从大约81厘米到109厘米(32到43英寸）变化不等〔Badajoz〕A city of southwest Spain on the Guadiana River near the Portugal border. An ancient fortress city, it rose to prominence under the Moors as the seat (1022-1094) of a vast independent emirate. Population, 92,800.巴达霍斯：西班牙西南部一城市，位于葡萄牙边界附近的瓜迪亚纳河岸边。为古代要塞城市，曾在摩尔斯（1022-1094年）的庞大独立酋长国统治下繁荣昌盛。人口92,800〔pueblo〕The identity of the Pueblo peoples is undeniably connected to the stone and adobe dwellings they have occupied for more than 700 years—especially from an etymological point of view.Originally coming from the Latin wordpopulus, "people, nation,” the Spanish wordpueblo, meaning "town, village,” as well as "nation, people,”was naturally applied by 16th-century Spanish explorers to villages that they discovered or founded in the Southwest.The English wordpueblo is first recorded in an American text in this sense in 1808, marking it as an Americanism.The distinctive adobe or stone villages of the Pueblo peoples,with some buildings rising as high as five stories,must have impressed the Spaniards considerably,becausepueblo came to be transferred from a name for the village to a name for its inhabitants, perhaps in honor of their architectural achievements or simply as an obvious way to distinguish the Pueblo from other Native American peoples.The first recorded usage of this sense is found in 1834.无可质疑，普埃布洛族的象征是与他们已经居住了700年的土石结构房屋联系在一起的——尤其是从词源学的角度来看。最初源于意为“民族，国家”的拉丁语populus， 意为“城镇，村庄”的西班牙语pueblo ， 同时也有“民族，国家”的意思，16世纪的西班牙探险家们很自然地用这个词来称呼他们在西南部发现或建立的村庄。英语中pueblo 的这个含义最早记载于1808年的一篇美国课文中， 这标志着它成了一个美语词。普埃布洛族有特色的石造和土造村庄，有些建筑高达五层，肯定给西班牙人留下了深刻的印象，因为pueblo 这个词是从这个村庄的名字转变成村庄中居民的名字的， 这可能是出于对他们建筑成就的敬仰或仅仅作为将普埃布洛族和其它美洲土著民族区分开的明显途径。这个词义是在1834年最早有使用记载的。〔duende〕Spanish dialectal [charm] 西班牙方言 [魅力] 〔Aurelian〕Emperor of Rome (a.d. 270-275) who held the barbarians in check beyond the Rhine River and regained Britain, Gaul, Spain, Syria, and Egypt for the empire. 奥理安：罗马皇帝（公元 270年-275年），统率未开化人越过莱茵河并为其帝国重新夺回英国、高卢、西班牙、叙利亚和埃及 〔Cabot〕Italian-born explorer and cartographer who led an English expedition in search of the Northwest Passage (1509) and a Spanish expedition to South America (1525-1528). He published a map of the world in 1544.卡伯特，塞巴斯蒂昂：(1476?-1557) 意大利裔的探险家和地图绘制员，1509年率领英国远征探险队寻找西北航道，1525年到1528年他率领西班牙远征探险队到达南美洲。1544年出版了一幅世界地图〔Converso〕A Spanish or Portuguese Jew who converted outwardly to Christianity in the late Middle Ages so as to avoid persecution or expulsion, though often continuing to practice Judaism in secret.康法索：西班牙或葡萄牙的犹太人，他在中世纪时外在上改信基督教来逃避迫害或驱除，但仍常常秘密地在继续奉行犹太教〔Dewey〕American naval officer known for his victory at Manila Bay (May 1, 1898) in the Spanish-American War.德威，乔治：(1837-1917) 美国海军军官，以他在美国与西班牙战争中取得的马尼拉湾的胜利（1898年5月1日）而著称〔Aleixandre〕Spanish poet. He won the 1977 Nobel Prize for literature.阿莱安德罗，维森特：(1898-1984) 西班牙诗人，1977年诺贝尔文学奖得主〔Lugo〕A city of northwest Spain west-southwest of Oviedo. It is a trade center with well-preserved Roman walls dating from the third centuryb.c. Population, 62,300. 卢戈：位于西班牙西北部，奥维都西南偏西的一座城市。它是个贸易中心，并使始于公元前 13世纪的罗马墙得到完善的保护。人口62,300 〔carrack〕A large galleon used in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries.古代大战船：用于14、15和16世纪的西班牙大帆船 |
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