| 单词 | 冗长 |
| 释义 | 〔triply〕a triply redundant navigational system.一个三度冗长的航海系统〔bloodless〕a long, bloodless speech.冗长而毫无生气的宣讲〔spiel〕"I made my spiel about how I could add to this company"(Carl Icahn)“我对自己将如何为这个公司作贡献作了冗长的论述”(卡尔·伊卡恩)〔clack〕To chatter thoughtlessly or at length.唠叨，喋喋不休：缺少考虑地或冗长地说话〔meaningless〕The host bored his guests with a long and pointless anecdote.主人讲述的冗长而毫无意义的轶闻使客人们都厌倦了。〔garrulous〕a garrulous speech.一个冗长絮叨的讲演〔screed〕A long, monotonous harangue or piece of writing.冗长，单调的说话或者文章〔meaningless〕a verbose but meaningless explanation;冗长而无意义的解释；〔endgame〕The final stage of an extended process or course of events:最后阶段：一个长期过程或冗长事件的最终阶段：〔diffusion〕Needless profusion of words; prolixity.冗长：没完没了有好多话；冗长而罗嗦〔buttress〕"The author buttresses her analysis with lengthy dissections of several of Moore's poems"(Warren Woessner)“作者用对莫尔的几首诗的冗长剖析来支持她的分析”(沃伦·韦斯纳)〔bafflegab〕Gobbledegook.难懂的话：冗长费解的话〔debunk〕One can readily see thatdebunk is constructed from the prefix de-, meaning "to remove,” and the wordbunk. But what is the origin of the wordbunk, denoting the nonsense that is to be removed? Bunk came from a place where much bunk has originated, the United States Congress.During the 16th Congress (1819-1821) Felix Walker, a representative from western North Carolina whose district included Buncombe County, continued on with a dull speech in the face of protests by his colleagues.Walker replied he had felt obligated "to make a speech for Buncombe.”Such a masterful symbol for empty talk could not be ignored by the speakers of the language,andBuncombe, actually spelled Bunkum in its first recorded appearance in 1828 and later shortened tobunk, became synonymous with claptrap. The response to all this bunk seems to have been delayed,fordebunk is not recorded until 1923. 可以很容易地看出debunk 是由前缀 de-， 表“去掉”和单词bunk 构成的。 可是单词bunk 表示“要除去的无稽之谈”的含意的起源是什么呢? Bunk 来自美国国会，一个产生大量空话、假话的地方。在第16届国会期间(1819-1821年），一个来自北卡罗来纳州西部（其区域包括邦克姆县）的代表费列克斯·沃尔克面对其同僚们的抗议，而进行持续冗长枯燥的演讲，沃尔克说他有责任“为邦克姆发表演说”。这种说空话的杰作是不会被说英语的人忽视的。Buncombe 实际上在1828年第一次被记载时拼作 Bunkum ， 后来缩写成Bunk 并成为 claptrap 的同义词。 对这空话的反应似乎被耽搁了，因为debunk 直到1923年才被记录下来 〔preachy〕Inclined or given to tedious and excessive moralizing; didactic.说教的：嗜好或喜欢进行冗长和过多的道德训诫的；说教的〔talkathon〕A lengthy session of discussions, speeches, or debate.马拉松式的冗长演说：一场时间很长的讨论、演讲或说论〔belabor〕To discuss repeatedly or at length; harp on:喋喋不休：反复地或冗长地讨论；喋喋不休地讲：〔everlasting〕Persisting too long; tedious:冗长的，令人厌烦的：没完没了的；冗长得令人生厌的：〔wordy〕a prolix, tedious lecturer;冗长且令人厌倦的报告者；〔copious〕"I found our speech copious without order, and energetic without rules"(Samuel Johnson)“我发现我们的语言冗长而缺乏条理，有力但没有规范”(塞缪尔·约翰逊)〔close〕Strictly speaking,the phraseclose proximity says nothing that is not said by proximity itself. Like other common redundancies, however (old adage, mental telepathy ), this usage is too widespread and too innocuous to be worth objecting to.See Usage Note at redundancy 严格地说，close proximity 短语一点不表示 proximity 本身的意思。 但正如其它的冗长词，（old adage, mental telepathy ）， 这种用法极为普遍且无关痛痒，不值得提出反对 参见 redundancy〔excursus〕A lengthy, appended exposition of a topic or point.附录：某一主题或观点的冗长的，附加的陈述〔mill〕It took three years to get the bill through the legislative mill.此项法案经过了三年冗长的立法过程〔sermon〕An often lengthy and tedious speech of reproof or exhortation.说教：经常是冗长沉闷的责备或鼓励的演讲〔wordy〕a long-winded speaker;言辞冗长的演说者；〔spiel〕A lengthy, usually extravagant speech or argument intended to persuade:夸夸其谈：意在劝说的冗长而又夸张的演讲或论述：〔redundancy〕Unnecessary repetition.赘言，冗长：不必要的重复〔verbiage〕An excess of words for the purpose; wordiness.冗词，赘语；废话：为了某一意图过多使用词语；冗长〔cant〕To speak tediously or sententiously; moralize.说教：冗长地或言简意赅地说；说教〔redundancy〕The usages that critics have condemned as redundancies fall into several classes.In some cases,such asconsensus of opinion, close proximity, hollow tube, and refer back, the use of what is regarded as an unnecessary modifier or qualifier can sometimes be justified on the grounds that it in fact makes a semantic contribution.Thus ahollow tube can be distinguished from one that has been blocked up with deposits, and aconsensus of opinion can be distinguished from a consensus of judgments or practice. In other cases the use of the qualifier is harder to defend.Thus there is no way torevert without reverting back and noconsensus that is not general. · Sometimes recognition of redundancy may require familiarity with a foreign language.The expressionsSierra Mountains and Rio Grande River are indeed redundant for those who know Spanish, but the use of the wordsmountains and river may still serve some purpose when one is addressing an English-speaking audience. Occasionally, what originates as a redundant element may, through long use,become part of the established name of a thing.Thus a reference to the site of a famous World War II battle as "the El Alamein"incorporates three versions of the definite article, in English, Spanish, and Arabic.See Usage Note at close ,consensus ,cross section ,mental telepathy ,rarely ,refer 被评论家指责为冗长和重复的使用方法可分为几类。在某些情况下，如consensus of opinion,、close proximity、 hollow tube 和 refer back ， 这种不必要修饰或限定语的使用有时也不能完全否定，因为它们从语义上说还是有意义的。因此，一个空管子 可以与被装填物堵满的管子相区别， 观点的一致 可以与判断力或惯例的一致相区别。 在其它情况下类似修饰语的使用就不那么容易自圆其说了。因此，没有 reverting back 就没有办法 revert ， 没有 consensus 不是 general。 · 有时辨认出冗余需要对外语很熟悉。对于懂西班牙语的人来说 Sierra Mountains 和 Rio Grande River 这类说法是重复的， 但当对说英语的人讲话时，使用 mountains 和 river 还是有用的。 有时，一个刚产生时是多余的成份经过长时间使用后，可成为一个物体固定的一部分。因此当提到二战时叫做“阿拉曼战役”的著名战役时，在英语、西班牙语和阿拉伯语中的定冠词的三种形式取得了一致 参见 close,consensus,cross section,mental telepathy,rarely,refer〔clack〕Thoughtless, prolonged talk; chatter.喋喋不休：愚蠢的、冗长的谈话；唠叨〔filibuster〕The use of obstructionist tactics, especially prolonged speechmaking, for the purpose of delaying legislative action.议事的阻挠：阻挠手段的使用，尤指作冗长的演说以达到妨碍议事进行的目的〔telethon〕A lengthy television program to raise funds for a charity.马拉松式电视广播节目：为慈善事业筹集资金而播出的冗长的电视节目〔hackwork〕Tedious, monotonous, or uninteresting work of any kind.平庸的作品：冗长，单调，令人感到乏味的作品〔else〕Else is often used redundantly in combination with prepositions such asbut, except, and besides: Else 经常冗长地与其它介词复合使用， 例如but，except 和 besides： 〔pleonasm〕The use of more words than are required to express an idea; redundancy.冗笔，冗言：使用多于所需的单词来表达一个意思；冗长〔harangue〕A long, pompous speech, especially one delivered before a gathering.长篇大论的演说：一种尤指对公众集会作的冗长而浮华的演说〔verbalism〕A wordy phrase or sentence that has little meaning.赘语：无意义的施沓冗长的短语或句子〔unlistenable〕an unlistenable operatic solo; an unlistenable diatribe.糟得不能听的一段歌剧独唱；一段冗长得让人无法听闻的议论〔explain〕"Man's whole life and environment have been laid open and elucidated" (Thomas Carlyle).Expound and explicate imply detailed and usually learned and lengthy exploration or analysis: “人的整个生命和生活环境都已得到说明和阐释” （托马斯·卡莱尔）。Expound 和 explicate 指详细的并且通常是学术的和冗长的考察与分析： 〔rigmarole〕Confused, rambling, or incoherent discourse; nonsense.胡言乱语，冗长的废话：混乱的、不连贯的或语无伦次的论述；胡言乱语 |
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