| 释义 | 
		turn AHD[tûrn] D.J.[tɜːn]K.K.[tɝn]v.(动词)turned, turn.ing, turns v.tr.(及物动词)- To cause to move around an axis or a center; cause to rotate or revolve.使旋转,转动:使绕着一个轴或中心移动;使转动或旋转
 
 - To cause to move around in order to achieve a result, such as opening, closing, tightening, or loosening:转动:使转动以达到某种结果,如打开、关闭、拧紧或拧松:turn the key; turn a screw.转动钥匙;拧动螺丝钉
 
 - To alter or control the functioning of (a mechanical device, for example) by the use of a rotating or similar movement:扭动,旋动:通过旋转或类似动作改变或控制(如机械装置)的功能:Please turn the iron to a hotter setting.请把熨斗旋动到更热
 
 - To perform or accomplish by rotating or revolving:翻,翻转:通过转动或旋转来执行或完成:turn a somersault.翻筋斗
 
 - To change the position of so that the underside becomes the upper side:翻转:改变…的位置而使下面的成为上面的:turn the steak; turn a page.翻转牛排;翻一页书
 - To spade or plow (soil) to bring the undersoil to the surface.翻耕,翻土:翻(土)或犁(土),从而把下面的泥土翻到表面上来
 - To reverse and resew the material of (a collar, for example).翻修:用翻料或重缝的方法修整(如领子)
 
 - To revolve in the mind; meditate on; ponder.盘算;反复思考;考虑
 
 - To give a rounded form to (wood, for example) by rotating against a cutting tool.车削:在切割工具上旋转而使(如木头)成为圆形
 - To give a rounded shape to (clay, for example) by rotating and shaping with the hands or tools.使成形,使成圆形:用手或工具旋转和定型而使(例如粘土)成为圆形
 - To give a rounded form to:使成圆形:turn a heel in knitting a sock.编织短袜时把脚的后跟织成圆形
 - To give distinctive, artistic, or graceful form to:使变得形式优美,使变得形状匀称:给予独特,艺术,优雅的形式:"They know precisely how to turn a dramatic line or phrase that is guaranteed to make the evening news"(William Safire)“他们当然知道如何写出适合晚间新闻的文采优美的词句”(威廉·萨菲尔)
 
 - To change the position of by traversing an arc of a circle; pivot:绕过,转动:绕过一段圆弧改变位置;使绕枢轴转动:turned his chair toward the speaker.转动椅子面向说话人
 - To cause (a scale) to move up or down so as to register weight:称重:使(秤台)上下移动以记录重量:Even a feather will turn a delicate scale.一台精密的天平能称出即使是一片羽毛的重量
 
 - To fold, bend, or twist (something).使折叠,使弯曲,使扭曲
 - To change the position or disposition of by folding, bending, or twisting:翻,翻转:通过折叠、弯曲成扭曲而改变位置或姿式:Turn the design right side up on all your jacket buttons. Turn the hat inside out.把你外套上的纽扣的图案翻转正了。把帽子的里面翻出来
 - To make a bend or curve in:弄弯:把…弄弯把…弄成曲线:He could turn a bar of steel.他能把一根钢棒弄弯
 - To blunt or dull (the edge of a cutting instrument).弄钝,弄卷刃(切割工具的刃)
 - To injure by twisting:扭伤:因扭曲而弄伤:turn an ankle.扭伤了脚踝
 - To upset or make nauseated:使作呕,使恶心:That story turns my stomach.这个故事令我作呕
 
 - To change the direction or course of:使…改变方向,使改变路程:turn the car to the left.把车朝左拐
 
 - To divert or deflect:使转向,使改变方向:turn a stampede.使群众分心
 - To reverse the course of; cause to retreat:使撤退;使掉头:"Then turn your forces from this paltry siege/And stir them up against a mightier task"(Shakespeare)“那么把你的军队调离这足取的围攻/而鼓动他们去完成更艰巨的任务”(莎士比亚)
 
 - To make a course around or about:迂回,绕过,拐过:turn a corner.绕过拐角
 
 - To change the purpose, intention, or content of by persuasion or influence:转变,改变:通过劝说或施加影响而改变目的、意图或倾向:His speech turned my thinking.他的演说改变了我的想法
 
 - To change the order or disposition of; unsettle:使混乱,使迷乱;使错乱:"Sudden prosperity had turned[his]  head" (Macaulay)“飞来的横财使[他的] 脑筋不太正常” (麦考利)
 
 - To set in a specified way or direction by or as if by rotating or pivoting; point:转动:通过或好象通过旋转或绕枢轴旋转而放在一定的方向或形态;指向:turn the antenna east.把触角转向东
 - To present in a specified direction by or as if by rotating or pivoting:朝向,转弯:通过或好象旋转或绕枢轴转动而使出现在某一方向:turn one's face to the wall.将脸转向墙
 
 - To aim or focus; train:瞄准或聚焦于;使对着:turn one's gaze to the sky.抬眼凝视天空
 - To devote or apply (oneself, for example) to something:致力于,投身于:使(如自己)投身或致力于某事:She turned herself to music.她致力于音乐
 
 - To cause to act or go against; make antagonistic:使反对,使敌对;使…成为敌人:News of the scandal turned public opinion against the candidate.关于丑闻的报道使公众舆论都反对候选人
 
 - To cause to go in a specific direction; direct:引导,指导:使向某一特定方向运动;引导:They turned their way back.他们掉头向回走
 
 - To send, drive, or let go:驱赶,打发,放走:turn the bully out of the bar; turned the dog loose.把这个恶棍赶出酒吧;把狗放开
 
 - To pour, let fall, or otherwise release (contents) from or into a receptacle:倒,倾倒:倾倒或用其他方法把容器中的东西倒出或倒入容器:Turn the dough onto a floured board.把生面团倒在撒了面粉的板上
 
 - To cause to take on a specified character, nature, identity, or appearance; change or transform. Used withto  or into : 改变:使具有特定的性质、本质、身份或外形;改变或使变成。与to 或 into 连用: water that had been turned to ice; turn a rundown house into a show place.已变成冰的水;把一所破旧的房子改变成一个表演场所
 
 - To make sour; ferment:使变酸;使变质:Lack of refrigeration turned the milk.没有电冰箱会使牛奶变质
 
 - To affect or change the color of:使变色,使颜色改变:Autumn turns the green leaves golden.秋天使绿叶变成了金黄色
 
 - To exchange; convert. Used withto  or into : 交换;转换。与to 或 into 连用: turns her singing talent into extra money.把她的歌唱天赋转换成外块
 
 - To keep in circulation; sell and restock:周转:使流通;出卖然后再进货:We turned a great deal of merchandise during the holidays.在假期中我们周转大量的商品
 
 - To get by buying and selling:赚取,挣得:通过买和卖而挣得:turn a fair profit.赢利情况不错
 
 - Slang To perform (an act of prostitution):【俚语】  进行(卖淫活动):turning tricks.卖淫
 
  v.intr.(不及物动词)- To move around an axis or a center; rotate or revolve.旋转,周转:绕轴心或中心移动;旋转或周转
 
 - To have a sensation of revolving or whirling, especially as a result of dizziness or giddiness.晕旋:有回旋或旋转的感觉,尤指是头晕或旋转的结果
 
 - To change position from side to side or back and forth:翻转,转动:从一面到另一面或从前到后地改变位置:I tossed and turned all night.我整夜辗转反侧
 
 - To progress through pages so as to arrive at a given place:翻书,翻页:翻动书页以到达特定地方:Please turn to page 361.请翻到361页
 
 - To operate a lathe.开动车床
 - To be formed on a lathe:车削:在车床上加工:a softwood that turns easily.极易车削的软木
 
 - To direct one's way or course:转向:朝一个方向或路线走:The truck turned into the service station. We turned off the highway at the first exit.卡车朝加油站驶去。我们在第一个出口离开了高速公路
 
 - To change or reverse one's way, course, or direction:转变,变化:改变或背离自己的道路,行程或方向:Too tired to go farther, we turned toward home.我们已筋疲力尽,再也走不动了,只有掉头回家
 
 - To have a specific reaction or effect, especially when adverse.转变,转折:产生相反作用或特定的结果,尤指相反的情况
 
 - To change one's actions or attitudes adversely; become hostile or antagonistic:反对,敌对:相反地改变自己的行动或态度;变得敌对或反对:The once servile peasants turned against the cruel king.曾一度臣服的农民起来反对残暴的国王
 
 - To attack suddenly and violently with no apparent motive:突然袭击:没有明显动机地突然和猛烈地袭击:The tiger turned on the animal trainer.老虎突然向训兽员袭击
 
 - To channel one's attention, interest, or thought toward or away from something:转移,转变:改变自己的注意力、兴趣或想法而转向或背离某物:"In the spring a young man's fancy lightly turns to thoughts of love"(Tennyson)“在春天,年轻人的想象力很容易转移到关于爱情的遐想上去了”(坦尼森)
 
 - To devote or apply oneself to something, as to a field of study:致力于:从事或献身于某事,如一门学问:Unsuccessful in mathematics, the student turned to biology.在数学上一无所成,这个学生转而从事生物学的研究
 
 - To convert to a religion.改变信仰
 
 - To switch one's loyalty from one side or party to another.背离,脱离:将自己对一方或一党的忠诚转向中另一方或另一党
 
 - To have recourse to a person or thing for help, support, or information.依赖,求助:向某人或其它求助、请求支持或打听消息
 
 - To depend on something for success or failure; hinge:成败的要素,关键:"The election would turn not on ideology but on competence"(George F. Will)“选举将取决于竞争力而非空论”(乔治F.威尔)
 
 - To change so as to be; become:变为;成为:His hair turned gray. I am a lawyer turned novelist.他的头发变得花白了。我是个从律师改业的小说家
 - To change; become transformed. Used withto  or into : 改变;变成。与to 或 into 连用: The sky turned to pink at dawn. The night turned into day.天空在黎明时分变成了粉红色。黑夜变成了白天
 - To reach and pass (a certain age, for example):到达或过了(例如,一定的年龄):My niece has turned three.我的侄女三岁了
 
 - To become sour:变酸:The milk turned because we did not refrigerate it.牛奶变酸了,因为我们没有它放到冰箱里
 
 - To change color:变色:The leaves have turned.叶已经变色了
 
 - To be stocked and sold:进货并销售:This merchandise will turn easily.这种商品很容易脱手
 
 - To become dull or blunt by bending back. Used of the edge of a cutting instrument.使变钝:因向后弯曲而变钝。用于切割工具的刃
 
  n.(名词)- The act of turning or the condition of being turned; rotation or revolution.转动,旋转:转动的动作或被转动的状况;转动或旋转
 
 - A change of direction, motion, or position:转向,转弯:改变方向、动作成立置:Make a left turn at the corner.在拐角处向左转弯
 
 - A place, as in a road or path, where a change in direction occurs; a curve:转弯处,转折点:方向出现变化的地点,如公路或小路上;弯曲:a sharp turn in the road.公路上的一个急转弯
 
 - A departure or deviation, as in a trend:转变:偏离或背离,如某一趋势的:a strange turn of events.事件的奇怪转变
 
 - A point marking the end of one period of time and the beginning of the next:转变时期,交替时期:标志着一个时期的结束和下一个时期的开始的时间:the turn of the century.世纪交替的时期
 
 - A chance or an opportunity.机会,机遇
 - One of a series of such opportunities accorded people in succession or in scheduled order:次序:依次轮流或按时间表的顺序排列的一系列机会中的一次:waiting for her next turn at bat.在棒球比赛中等练她的下一次击球机会
 
 - A period of participation:回合:a turn at wrestling.摔跤运动的一个回合
 
 - An attack of illness or severe nervousness.疾疾或紧张情绪的侵袭
 - Informal A momentary shock or scare:【非正式用语】  一惊,一吓:瞬间的吃惊或恐惧:I had quite a turn when I first heard the crash.当我刚听到撞车时着实吓了一跳
 
 - A characteristic mood, style, or habit; a natural inclination:天性,禀性:典型的情绪、风格成习惯;自然的倾向:a curious and speculative turn of mind.生性好奇,爱冒险
 
 - A propensity or an adeptness:天赋,禀赋:a turn for carpentry.有做木工的天赋
 
 - A distinctive, graceful, or artistic expression or arrangement of words:措辞:与众不同的、优雅的或艺术性的表达方式或词语安排:the poetic turn of a phrase.诗意的词句
 
 - A movement or development in a particular direction:变化,转向:向特定方向的运动或发展:a turn for the worse.变得更糟
 - A variation of a given kind or type:变动:给定的种类或类型的变动:"His muse occasionally takes a humorous and satirical turn"(Albert C. Baugh)“他的诗句偶尔会变得幽默而有讽剌意味”(艾伯特C.鲍)
 
 - A deed or an action having a good or bad effect on another:举动,行为:对另一人有帮助或损害的行为或举动:"He thought some friend had done him an ill turn"(Stephen Crane)“他认为有个朋友对他有不利的举动”(斯蒂芬·克兰)
 
 - Advantage or purpose:利益,目的:It served his turn.这对他有利
 
 - A short walk or excursion out and back:走一圈,兜一圈:外出进行短距离散步或游览然后回来:took a turn in the park.在公园里走一圈
 
 - A distortion in shape.变形:形状扭曲
 
 - The condition of being twisted or wound.盘绕:被扭曲或盘绕的状况
 
 - A winding of one thing about another.缠绕:用一物缠绕另一物
 - A single wind or convolution, as of wire on a spool.盘绕一圈:绕一圈或一卷 ,如缠在锭子上的线
 
 - Something that winds or turns around a center axis.一卷:围绕着轴心绕成一圆圈的东西
 
 - Music A figure or an ornament consisting of four or more notes in rapid succession and including in addition to the principal note the one that is a degree above and the one that is a degree below it.【音乐】  加音:由一组四个或四个以上的音符,包括上方、下方辅助音绕着主音符或标出的音符构成的装饰音
 
 - A brief theatrical act or stage appearance.短剧,舞台表演:短小的戏剧或舞台演出
 
 - A transaction on the stock market involving both a sale and a purchase.股票交易:股票交易市场上的一次交易,涉及买和卖
 
 - South Atlantic U.S. The amount that can be carried in the arms in one load:【美国南大西洋沿岸】  一捧,一抱:双臂一次所能搬运的量:a turn of firewood.一抱柴禾
 
  turn away - To send away; dismiss:把…打发走;解雇:turned away the salesperson.解雇了推销员
 
 - To repel:驱逐:The poor location of the condominium turned away many prospective buyers.公寓房偏僻的位置赶跑了许多很有希望的买主
 
 - To avert; deflect:挡开;使转向:turned away all criticism.挡开了所有的批评
 
  turn back - To reverse one's direction of motion:折回,往回走:掉转某人的运动方向:stopped on the road and had to turn back.在公路上停了下来,只好往回走
 
 - To drive back and away:使折回,赶回去:turned back the uninvited comers.把不速之客赶了回去
 
 - To halt the advance of:使停止前进,挡住:managed to turn back the advancing army.设法挡住了向前推进的军队
 
 - To fold down:翻起,折转:Turn back the corner of the page to save your place in the book.在书角上折一下来作读到哪里的记号
 
  turn down - To diminish the speed, volume, intensity, or flow of:降低,减弱:调低速度、音量、强度或流量:Turn down the radio, please.请把收音机的音量调低
 
 - To reject or refuse, as a person, advice, or a suggestion:拒绝:拒绝某人、建议或忠告:We politely turned down the invitation.我们有礼貌地拒绝了邀请
 
 - To fold or be capable of folding down:翻下:折转或能够被翻下:turn a collar down; a collar that turns down.翻下衣领;能翻下的衣领
 
  turn in - To hand in; give over:交还;上交:turned in the final exam.上交期末考试试卷
 
 - To inform on or deliver:检举,陈述:The criminal turned herself in.罪犯自首了
 
 - To produce:完成:turns in a consistent performance every day.每天的表现都很一致
 
 - Informal To go to bed:【非正式用语】  上床睡觉:I turned in early last night.我昨晚很早就上床睡觉了
 
  turn off - To stop the operation, activity, or flow of; shut off:关闭,停止:终止运转、行为或流动;关掉:turned off the television.关掉电视
 
 - Slang 【俚语】  
 
 - To affect with dislike, displeasure, or revulsion:讨厌,厌恶:使不喜欢,讨厌或厌恶:That song really turns me off.我一点也不喜欢那首歌
 - To affect with boredom:使厌烦:The play turned the audience off.这出戏让观众很倒味
 - To lose or cause to lose interest; withdraw:失去或使失去兴趣;撤回:turning off to materialism.沦为实利主义
 - To cease paying attention to:不注意:Unable to leave my seat, I turned off the boring speaker and thought about vacation.不能离开我的座位,我对那个令人厌烦的讲演者置之不理,开始考虑假期
 
 - To divert; deflect.分散;转移
 
 - Chiefly British To dismiss (an employee).【多用于英国】  解雇(员工)
 
  turn on - To cause to begin the operation, activity, or flow of:打开,开启:使开始运作、活动或流动:Turn on the light bulb.打开电灯
 
 - To begin to display, employ, or exude:开始展示,显露出,流露出:turn on the charm.显露出魅力
 
 - Slang 【俚语】  
 
 - To take or cause to take a mind-altering drug, especially for the first time.开始或使开始吸毒,尤指第一次
 - To be or cause to become interested, pleasurably excited, or stimulated. Often used withto : 使兴奋,使刺激:产生或使产生兴趣、兴奋或刺激。通常与to 连用: My uncle turned me on to jazz. She turned on to surfing this summer.我叔叔使我对爵士乐发生了兴趣。这个夏季她对滑水发生了兴趣
 - To excite or become excited sexually.(使)激发性欲
 
  turn out - To shut off:关上,关掉:turned out the lights.关掉了灯
 
 - To arrive or assemble, as for a public event or entertainment:聚集,召集:聚集或召集,如参加公众活动或娱乐:A large group of protesters have turned out.一大群抗议者聚集到了一起
 
 - To produce, as by a manufacturing process; make:生产:产出,如通过制作过程;制造:an assembly line turning out cars.生产小汽车的流水线
 
 - To be found to be, as after experience or trial:证实:发觉是,如经历或试验之后:The rookie turned out to be the best hitter on the team.新手证明是队里最出色的击球员
 
 - To end up; result:结果;结果:The cake turned out beautifully.蛋糕最后做出来很漂亮
 
 - To equip; outfit:装备;配置:troops that were turned out beautifully.装备精良的队伍
 
 - Informal To get out of bed.【非正式用语】  起床
 
 - To evict; expel:赶出;使搬走:The tenants were turned out.房客都被赶走了
 
  turn over - To bring the bottom to the top or vice versa; invert.翻转,翻过来:把底翻到上面或相反面;翻转
 
 - To shift the position of, as by rolling from one side to the other.翻滚:改变位置,似乎通过从一边到另一边滚动
 - To shift one's position by rolling from one side to the other.翻身:从一边滚向另一边改变位置
 
 - To rotate; cycle:旋转;转动:The engine turned over but wouldn't start.发动机转了一圈,但是没有起动
 
 - To think about; consider:考虑;思考:She turned over the problem in her mind.她仔细考虑了这个问题
 
 - To transfer to another; surrender:移交;交出:turned over the illegal funds.交出了非法资金
 
 - To do business to the extent or amount of:营业额达:turn over a million dollars a year.一年的营业额是一百万美元
 
 - To seem to lurch or heave convulsively:翻动:似乎在痉挛性地抽动:My stomach turned over.我的胃在翻动
 
  turn to - To begin work:开始工作:If you quit dawdling and just turn to, the cleaning will be done in a day.如果你停止闲逛,马上开始工作,清洁工作一天就能做完
  turn up - To increase the speed, volume, intensity, or flow of:开大,调高:增加速度、音量,强度或流量:turn up the public-address system.调高播音系统的音量
 
 - To find:发现,找到:She turned up the missing papers under her blotter.她在记事本下找到了丢失的文件
 - To be found:找到:The papers will turn up sooner or later.文件迟早会找到的
 
 - To make an appearance; arrive:出现;到达:Several old friends turned up at the reunion.好几个老朋友出现在聚会上
 
 - To fold or be capable of folding up:折叠:折叠或能够被折叠:turning up his cuffs; cuffs that will turn up.卷起自己的袖口;卷起来的袖口
 
 - To happen unexpectedly:意外地发生:Something turned up and I was unable to go.发生了一点意外,我不能离开
 
 - To be evident:变得明显:Her name constantly turns up in art circles.她的名字经常出现在艺术圈里
 
  at every turn - In every place; at every moment.处处;时时
  by turns - One after another; alternately:轮流地,交替地:"From the . . . testimony emerges a man by turns devious and honest, vulgar and gallant, scatterbrained and shrewd"(Life)“从指证来看,一个人交替地表现为狡猾和诚实,粗鄙和豪侠,浮躁和精明”(生活)
  in turn - In the proper order or sequence.依次地,轮流地
  out of turn - Not in the proper order or sequence.未按照正当的次序或顺序地
 
 - At an inappropriate time or in an inappropriate manner:不合时宜地,轻率地:I may be speaking out of turn, but you might like to know that your attire does not conform to the dress code here.或许我说话有些不合时宜,但是你可能愿意知道你的衣着与这里的服装规则不相符
 
  to a turn - To a precise degree; perfectly:正好;恰好:The roast was done to a turn.面包烤得恰到好处
  turn a blind eye - To refuse to see or recognize something:熟视无睹:拒绝正视,装作没看见:turned a blind eye to government corruption.对于政府的腐败熟视无睹
  turn a deaf ear - To refuse to listen to or hear something:置若罔闻,装作没听见:turned a deaf ear to the protests.对抗议置若罔闻
  turn a hair - To become afraid or upset:慌张,不安:变得慌张或不安:didn't turn a hair during the bank robbery.在抢劫银行发生的过程中,没有露出丝毫慌张的神色
  turn (one's) back on - To deny; reject.拒绝;放弃
 
 - To abandon; forsake.抛弃;丢弃
 
  turn (one's) hand - To apply oneself, as to a task:着手:从事,如一项工作:turned her hand to writing the dissertation; was lazy and wouldn't turn his hand.开始着手写学术论文;很懒,不肯开始工作
  turn (one's) head - To cause to become infatuated.使变得糊涂
 
 - To cause to become egotistical and conceited:使变得自负,自高大自:Success has turned his head.成功使他变得自高自大
 
  turn over a new leaf - To change, as one's attitude or conduct, for the better.改过一新:向好的方面转变,如自己的态度成举止
  turn tail - To run away.逃跑,逃走
  turn the corner 或 turn a corner - To reach and surpass a midpoint or milestone.到达并超越了终点或里程碑
  turn the other cheek - To respond to insult or injury by patiently eschewing retaliation.逆来顺受:以忍耐对待侮辱和伤害
  turn the scales - To offset the balance of a situation.打破僵局:打破某一形式的平衡状态
  turn the tables - To reverse a situation and gain the upper hand.转败为胜:扭转了局势而处于上风
  turn turtle - To capsize or turn upside-down:倾覆,底朝天翻转:Our sailboat turned turtle during the squall.在风暴中我们的帆船翻了个底朝天
  turn up (one's) nose - To regard (something) with disdain or scorn:轻视,看不起:不把…放在眼里,蔑视:turned up her nose at the food.她对食物嗤之以鼻
 
 - Middle English turnen 中古英语 turnen 
 
 - from Old English turnian, tyrnan 源自 古英语 turnian, tyrnan 
 
 - Old French torner 古法语 torner 
 
 - both from Latin tornāre [to turn in a lathe] 都源自 拉丁语 tornāre [在车床上旋转] 
 
 - from tornus [lathe] 源自 tornus [车床] 
 
 - from Greek tornos * see  terə- 1源自 希腊语 tornos * 参见 terə- 1
 
  turn, rotate, revolve, gyrate, spin, whirl, circle, eddy, swirl- These verbs all mean to move or cause to move in a circle.这些动词的意思都是在圆圈内转动或使转动。
 
 -  Turn,   the most general, means to move in a circular course:  Turn  最具概括性,意思是沿环形路线移动: a planet turning on its axis;行星以自己的轴为中心旋转;turned and stared at me.转过身盯着我。
 
 - Rotate   usually involves movement around an object's own axis or center: Rotate  通常涉及物体绕自己的轴或中心旋转的动作: The top rotated with decreasing speed as the spring wound down.当发条越来越松时,陀螺也越转越慢。
 
 - Revolve   can have the same meaning asrotate,  while in certain contexts it is distinguished from rotate  as involving orbital movement:  Revolve  的意思与rotate 大致一样,但在特定的语境中,它涉及到在轨道上的运动,因此与 rotate 有所区别:  The earth revolves around the sun.地球绕太阳公转。
 
 - Gyrate   usually refers to revolving in or as if in a spiral course: Gyrate  一般指螺旋形的或好象是螺旋形的转动: waltzers gyrating giddily.  Tospin  is to rotate rapidly, often within a narrow compass:  跳华尔兹舞的人快速旋转,令人眼花缭乱。 Spin 的意思是快速旋转,通常在狭窄的范围内:  "He . . . spun round, flung up his arms, and fell on his back, shot through"  (John Galsworthy).“他猛地转过来,张开双臂,仰面倒在地上,被子弹射穿”  (约翰·高尔斯华绥)。
 
 -  Whirl   applies to rapid or forceful revolution or rotation:  Whirl  指迅速或有力的转动或旋转: whirling snowflakes.飞旋的雪片。
 
 - Circle   refers to circular or approximately circular motion: Circle  指圆形的或大致成圆形的运动: sea gulls circling above the ocean.海鸥在大海上盘旋。
 
 - Eddy   usually denotes rapid circular movement like that of a whirlpool: Eddy  通常暗含象旋涡一样的圆形运动: Storm clouds eddied overhead.乌云在头顶翻滚。
 
 - Swirl,   often interchangeable witheddy,   sometimes connotes a graceful undulation, spiral, or whorl: Swirl  通常与eddy 可以互换, 有时表示优美的起伏、旋转或螺旋: The flood waters swirled wildly under the bridge.滚滚急流在桥下翻滚而过。The milliner swirled tulle lavishly above the brim of the hat. See also Synonyms at  resort 卖帽子的商人将面纱过多地卷在帽沿上 参见同义词 resort
 
 
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