英语词汇“by”的读音、翻译、释义、用法及例句-学习网

主要翻译
英语		中文
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(author, creator)	[表示创作者、行为发出者是谁] [ biǎo shì chuàng zuò zhě 、xíng wéi fā chū zhě shì shuí ]
	Hamlet is a play by Shakespeare.
	《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚创作的一出戏剧。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(agent in passives)	被…，由…
备注: 常置于表被动的动词后，后面接动作发出者
	The tree was cut down by his neighbour.
	他的邻居砍倒了那棵树。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(close: around)	在…附近 zài … fù jìn
		在…周围 zài … zhōu wéi
	There's a drinking fountain by the tennis court.
	网球场附近有个饮水处。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(close: past)	经过 jīng guò
		走过 zǒu guò
		从…旁边过去 cóng … páng biān guò qù
	We always walk by the post office on the way to work.
	我们上班总会经过邮局。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(close: beside, near to)	靠近 kào jìn
		在…旁边
	The keys are by the door over there.
	钥匙在那边那扇门边上。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(close: distance measure) (距离等)	以…之差 yǐ … zhī chā
	The ball missed the window by a metre.
	球差一米就砸中了窗户。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(time: not later than) (时间)	在…之前，不迟于
	You must have the report done by Monday.
	你必须在周一之前把报告写好。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(via: using the means of)	[表示旅行、交通等的工具、方式] [ biǎo shì lǚ xíng 、jiāo tōng děng de gōng jù 、fāng shì ]
	Should we go by car or by taxi?
	我们是开车去还是坐出租车去？
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(via: using a route)	[表示旅行、交通等的路线] [ biǎo shì lǚ xíng 、jiāo tōng děng de lù xiàn ]
	I usually go by New York when I fly to Europe.
	我一般经纽约飞欧洲。

其他翻译
英语		中文
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(during)	在…时候 zài shí hòu
		在…期间 zài … qī jiān
	The street is noisy by day but very quiet by night.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(according to)	凭借 píng jiè
		依靠 yī kào
		根据 gēn jù
	I know him by his first name.
	我只知道他的名，不知道他的姓。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(with the authority of)	通过…（权力） tōng guò quán lì
		凭借…（职权） píng jiè zhí quán
	By the authority vested in me, I proclaim you husband and wife.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(in conformity with)	遵照 zūn zhào
		按照 àn zhào
	He does everything by the book.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(on the basis of)	依靠 yī kào
		靠 kào
	They met by chance.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(after, serially)	在…后 zài hòu
		接着… jiē zhe
	Things got more tense minute by minute. They walked down the road two by two.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(multiplied by, times)	乘… chéng
		乘以… chéng yǐ
	Two by four is eight.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(unit of measure)	按…计算 àn … jì suàn
	She bought eggs by the dozen.
	她论打买下鸡蛋。
	我们的工资是按小时算的。
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(horse: sired by)	其父亲为… qí fù qīn wéi
		由…所出 yóu suǒ chū
	Screaming Thunder, by Screaming Eagle, won the Preakness.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(describing compass points) (指示方位)	偏于，偏向
	Head northeast by north.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(indicating means) (表示方式、手段)	通过，靠，由
	By finishing her homework early, she was able to join her friends.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(accompanying conditions)	在…环境下
		伴着
	We love to eat by candlelight.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(indicating dimensions) (面积)	乘 chéng
	The board should measure 2 by 4 feet.
by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(margin) (数量)	[表示增减程度]
	CO2 emissions have reduced by 5% over the past three years. Jeff is older than Carl by eight months.

动词短语
英语		中文
abide by [sth] vtr phrasal insepphrasal verb, transitive, inseparable: Verb with adverb(s) or preposition(s), having special meaning, not divisible--for example,"go with" [=combine nicely]: "Those red shoes don't go with my dress." NOT [S]"Those red shoes don't go my dress with."[/S]	(obey)	遵循 zūn xún
		遵守 zūn shǒu
	Cathy decided to abide by the rules.

复合形式：
英语		中文
be accompanied by [sb/sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end."	(go in company with)	有某人或某物陪同的
be accompanied by [sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end."	(coexist with)	和某事或某物一同发生或存在的
along by preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	UK (along the length of, next to)	在…旁边
as time goes by exprexpression: Prepositional phrase, adverbial phrase, or other phrase or expression--for example, "behind the times," "on your own."	(as circumstances change)	随着时光流逝
	Sometimes, as time goes by, people's interests and tastes change.
at [sb]'s hands, at [sb]'s hand, by [sb]'s hands, by [sb]'s hand preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(because of) (指由于某人行为)	因为，由于
		于...之手，在...手里
attended by [sb/sth] adj + prep	(accompanied)	由…陪同
	The queen was attended by six ladies in waiting.
baffled by [sth] adj + prep	(confused, mystified)	对...感到困惑
		对...迷惑不解
	The police detective was baffled by the strange circumstances of the murder.
	警方侦探对离奇的谋杀案感到困惑。
baptism by fire nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc.	(difficult first experience, initiation) (比喻痛苦或困难的第一次经历)	火的洗礼，第一次磨练
	My first day as a math teacher was a baptism of fire. The pupils just wouldn't keep quiet !
baptism by fire, baptism of fire nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc.	figurative (soldier: first combat) (士兵的第一次战斗经历)	战火洗礼 zhàn huǒ xǐ lǐ
	Bullets were flying all around and people were dying; it was truly a baptism by fire.
be bogged down in/by [sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end."	figurative (encumbered or oppressed) (比喻)	陷入，被陷在
	The lawyer was bogged down in paper work.
be followed by vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say* something." "She found the cat."*	(precede, come before)	在…之前 zài … zhī qián
		先于… xiān yú …
	The calm is always followed by the storm.
be hit by a car v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end."	(be knocked down)	被车撞了
	Greg crossed the street without checking for traffic, and was consequently hit by a car.
be led by vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say* something." "She found the cat."*	(be guided by)	由…引导 yóu yǐn dǎo
	I will be led by my doctor's advice.
be led by vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say* something." "She found the cat."*	(be managed by)	由…领导 yóu lǐng dǎo
	The research project was led by a university professor.
be powered by [sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end."	(run or function on)	由…供能，由…驱动
	Most cars are powered by petrol.
be provided by vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say* something." "She found the cat."*	(be supplied by)	由…提供 yóu tí gōng
	Staff uniforms will be provided by the employer.
be written by vtrtransitive verb: Verb taking a direct object--for example, "Say* something." "She found the cat."*	(have as author)	由…写的 yóu xiě de
		作者为 zuò zhě wéi
	The story was written by Edgar Allan Poe.
begin by doing [sth] vi + prep	(do first)	从做…开始
	When learning a new recipe, it is best to begin by reading all the way through.
benumbed by [sth] adj + prep	literary (made numb by: cold, etc.)	麻木的 má mù de
be beset by [sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end."	(surrounded by)	被...包围的
		被...围住的
be beset by [sth] v exprverbal expression: Phrase with special meaning functioning as verb--for example, "put their heads together," "come to an end."	figurative (assailed: by difficulties, doubts, etc.)	包围 bāo wéi
	Joan was suddenly beset by doubts as to her brother's motives.
besotted by [sb], besotted with [sb] adj + prep	(infatuated)	对…爱得发狂
	Gary is besotted by Evie and would do anything for her.
bit by bit advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	informal (gradually)	一点一点地 yì diǎn yì diǎn de
		一点点地 yì diǎn diǎn de
		逐渐地 zhú jiàn de
blow by viintransitive verb: Verb not taking a direct object--for example, "She jokes." "He has arrived."	(be swept past by the wind)	吹去 chuī qù
		吹走 chuī zǒu
	A paper bag blew by me on a windy day.
blow-by-blow adjadjective: Describes a noun or pronoun--for example, "a tall* girl," "an interesting book," "a big house."*	informal (account: detailed)	逐一的 zhú yī de
		一一的 yī yī de
	The eyewitness gave a blow-by-blow description of the horrific event.
bothered by [sth] adjadjective: Describes a noun or pronoun--for example, "a tall* girl," "an interesting book," "a big house."*	(concerned, troubled)	因…烦恼
		因…担心
	I am bothered by the way he treats my daughter.
	他对待我女儿的方式让我感到担心。
bounded by [sth] adj + prep	figurative (limited)	没有提供翻译
bounded by [sth] adj + prep	(surrounded)	被…包围
by a great deal, by a good deal advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by a large amount or extent)	大量地 dà liàng de
	The Indian Ocean is smaller than the Pacific Ocean by a great deal.
by a hair advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by a very slight margin, only just)	差一点儿 chà yì diǎn er
	The truck missed the cyclist by a hair.
by a hair's breadth advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by the slightest margin)	险些 xiǎn xiē
		几乎 jī hū
		毫厘之差 háo lí zhī chā
	The horse won by a hair's breadth.
by a majority advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by most people, by more than half)	多数地 duō shù de
	They were able to pass their laws by a majority vote of 51 to 49.
by a narrow margin advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by a very small number or amount)	比分相差不大地
		以微弱多数胜地
	He was elected president by a narrow margin.
by a show of hands advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(with an impromptu vote)	举手表决地 jǔ shǒu biǎo jué de
	Our class decided to continue reading the novel by a show of hands.
by accident advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(mistakenly, not intentionally)	偶然 ǒu rán
		意外 yì wài
	I spilt some coffee on the carpet by accident.
by air advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(via aeroplane)	通过航空途径
	Did you send the package by air?
by air advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(through the atmosphere)	穿过大气
by airmail advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(postal delivery: via plane)	通过航空邮寄 tōng guò háng kōng yóu jì
	All letters from the U.S. to Africa go by airmail these days; surface mail isn't available.
by all accounts advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(according to everyone)	众所周知 zhòng suǒ zhōu zhī
by all means advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(of course, certainly)	想尽一切办法 xiǎng jìn yí qiè bàn fǎ
	"Can I borrow your pen for a moment?" "By all means!"
by and by advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(in a while)	以后 yǐ hòu
		不久的将来 bù jiǔ de jiāng lái
by and by advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(eventually)	不久后 bù jiǔ hòu
		过了一会儿 guò le yí huì er
	Be patient! I'll get around to it by and by.
by and large advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(in general, on the whole)	大概 dà gài
		大体上说 dà tǐ shàng shuō
	Not everything about my job is good, but by and large, I enjoy it.
by any chance advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(possibly)	可能 kě néng
		或许 huò xǔ
	Would you by any chance be able to lend me $10?
by any means advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(in any way, via any method)	无论如何 wú lùn rú hé
		无论通过何种途径 wú lùn tōng guò hé zhǒng tú jìng
by any standard advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by no matter what measure)	以任何标准
by birth advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(through natural talent)	天生 tiān shēng
	He was an artist by birth.
by birth advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(through one's family)	生来 shēng lái
		在血统上 zài xiě tǒng shàng
	The U.S. Constitution requires the president to be American by birth, not a naturalized citizen.
by bus advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(travel or transport: on a bus)	乘汽车 chéng qì chē
		乘公交车 chéng gōng jiāo chē
	Amy usually travels to work by bus.
by car advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(via motor vehicle)	驾车，开车
		乘车 chéng chē
	By car, you could get from Lansing to Detroit in about two hours.
by chance advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(coincidentally)	偶然 ǒu rán
		碰巧 pèng qiǎo
	I met my French teacher by chance in the supermarket.
by choice advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(willingly, of one's free will)	自愿地 zì yuàn de
	I did not exactly retire by choice.
by command advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by giving orders)	通过下命令 tōng guò xià mìng lìng
by common consent advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(with everyone's agreement)	通过共识 tōng guò gòng shí
by comparison advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(when compared)	经过比较 jīng guò bǐ jiào
by comparison with preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(compared with, relative to)	与…比较过 yǔ bǐ jiào guò
by consensus advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by general agreement)	通过共识 tōng guò gòng shí
	Quakers make their decisions by consensus, not by compromise.
by contrast advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(on the other hand)	相反地 xiāng fǎn de
	I'm always late but you, by contrast, are always on time.
by default advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(in the absence of alternatives)	缺省 quē xǐng
		默认 mò rèn
	When his opponent pulled out of the match, he won by default.
by default advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(not actively or purposefully)	默认地 mò rèn de
		在默认情况下
by default advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(sports: due to non-participation) (比赛中裁定胜利的方式)	因缺席，因未到场
	When his opponent pulled out of the match, Barry won by default.
by dint of [sth] preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	dated (by means of: work, effort)	凭借 píng jiè
		借助 jiè zhù
	By dint of brilliant organization, we were able to depart on time.
by doing advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	informal (by practising, on the job) (非正式用语)	通过做某事，通过某种方式
	I've never been great at tests and exams: learn best by doing.
by extension advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(in a more general sense) (书面语)	进而
	Calling me a dumb blonde insults me and, by extension, insults all women with blonde hair.
by far advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by a large margin) (程度等)	…得多 de duō
	The U.S. is, by far, the largest producer of corn in the world.
by foot, on foot advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(on foot, walking)	步行 bù xíng
	Most people drove but a few arrived by foot.
by force advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(using physical strength, violence)	通过武力 tōng guò wǔ lì
	Soldiers generally operate by force.
by freight advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(via cargo transport)	通过货运 tōng guò huò yùn
by half advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(by 50 per cent)	一半地 yí bàn de
	Since I retired my income is down by half.
by half advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	informal (by a great deal) (非正式用语)	非常，相当，远远地
by hand advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(manually, not by machine)	手工地 shǒu gōng de
	You can see that these tools were made by hand.
by heart advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(from memory)	凭记忆 píng jì yì
	I learnt the sonnet by heart.
by hook or by crook advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	figurative (by any means necessary)	不择手段
by implication exprexpression: Prepositional phrase, adverbial phrase, or other phrase or expression--for example, "behind the times," "on your own."	(following from [sth])	暗示地 àn shì de
		含蓄地 hán xù de
by installments (US), by instalments (UK) advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(a bit at a time)	分期地 fēn qī de
		分批地 fēn pī de
	I'm paying for my saxophone by installments of $50 each month.
by instinct advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(intuitively)	凭直觉地 píng zhí jué de
	I knew by instinct that she was lying, but I didn't say anything.
by intuition advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(instinctively)	出于本能地 chū yú běn néng de
	I knew by intuition that he was a good person.
by itself advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(on its own)	独自地 dú zì de
	I think I'll wear this dress by itself, without its matching jacket.
by itself advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(without adornment)	单独地 dān dú de
		单单地
	Does the dress look good by itself, or should I put on gold beads?
By Jove! interjinterjection: Exclamation--for example, "Oh no!" "Wow!"	dated (amazement) (表示惊讶或强调)	天啊 tiān ā
	By Jove! I thought I'd never see you again.
by land advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(via land transport)	由陆路 yóu lù lù
	We can either take the ferry across Lake Michigan, or go by land via Chicago.
by law advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(legally)	根据法律 gēn jù fǎ lǜ
		依法 yī fǎ
	By law, in England, the minimum age for buying alcoholic beverages is eighteen.
by leaps and bounds, in leaps and bounds exprexpression: Prepositional phrase, adverbial phrase, or other phrase or expression--for example, "behind the times," "on your own."	(rapidly)	飞速，跨越式，突飞猛进
	The city has grown by leaps and bounds--the population has doubled in the last ten years.
by luck advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(through good fortune)	幸运地，侥幸地
by mail advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(via postal service)	通过邮件的形式 tōng guò yóu jiàn de xíng shì
	It seems like sending a letter by mail is a sweet old-fashioned thing to do.
by mail advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	informal (via e-mail) (非正式用语)	通过电子邮件的形式 tōng guò diàn zǐ yóu jiàn de xíng shì
by marriage advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(through the family of one's spouse)	通过婚姻 tōng guò hūn yīn
	He is my uncle by marriage, certainly not by choice.
by means of preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(via)	通过… tōng guò …
		凭借… píng jiè …
by mistake advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(accidentally, not on purpose)	无意地 wú yì de
		错误地 cuò wù de
	By mistake, I gave him your phone number instead of mine!
by nature advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(characteristically, in essence)	本质上 běn zhì shàng
	Lions are wild by nature, and there is little you can do to tame them.
by night advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(at night-time)	在夜间 zài yè jiān
	The solders staged a surprise attack by night.
by no means advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(not at all, not in any way)	绝非 jué fēi
		绝不 jué bù
	This handbag costs £300, but it's by no means the most expensive one in the shop.
by now advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(at some point before this moment)	到现在 dào xiàn zài
		到如今 dào rú jīn
	My guests should have been here by now – dinner's getting cold.
by post advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(through the mail)	邮寄 yóu jì
	Can you either fax it to me or send it by post?
by rail advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(via train)	通过铁路 tōng guò tiě lù
	Freight is moved either by truck or by rail.
by reason of preppreposition: Relates noun or pronoun to another element of sentence--for example, "a picture of John," "She walked from* my house to yours."*	(because of)	由于 yóu yú
	Sarah was found innocent by reason of insanity.
by reflex advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(instinctively)	反射性地 fǎn shè xìng de
		条件反射地 tiáo jiàn fǎn shè de
	If you see something flying toward your face, your eyes usually shut by reflex.
by request, on request advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(in response to a request)	应邀 yìng yāo
	By popular request, Susan sang an encore.
by sea advadverb: Describes a verb, adjective, adverb, or clause--for example, "come quickly," "very* rare," "happening now," "fall down."*	(via boat or ship)	由海路 yóu hǎi lù
	I hate travelling by sea because I get seasick easily.