| 单词 | 面前 |
| 释义 | 〔grand〕A grand meal was laid before them.一道奢华的菜肴摆在他们面前〔performance〕The act or style of performing a work or role before an audience.表演：在观众面前扮演角色或演示工作的行动或风格〔choice〕"An unhappy alternative is before you, Elizabeth. . . . Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr. Collins, and I will never see you again if you do ” (Jane Austen). “伊丽莎白，你面前摆着只有两种令人不快的选择。…如果你不 嫁给柯林斯先生，你母亲会再也不愿见到你，而如果你 要 嫁给他，我会再也不愿见到你” （简·奥斯丁）。〔sit〕To pose for an artist or a photographer.摆好姿势：在艺术家面前或摄影师面前摆姿势〔Moroni〕An ancient prophet believed to have buried the sacred history of the Americas compiled by his father, Mormon, near Palmyra, New York, in the early fifth centurya.d., and to have later appeared to Joseph Smith as an angel to direct him to the burial site. 摩洛尼：古代预言家，据信在公元 5世纪将其父摩门编写的美洲圣史掩埋在纽约帕尔迈拉附近，后来他以天使的形象出现在约瑟夫·史密斯面前，将其引导至该掩埋地 〔center〕His thoughts centered on the long journey before him; 他的思绪集中于面前漫漫长路上； 〔exercise〕exercises A program that includes speeches, presentations, and other ceremonial activities performed before an audience: exercises 典礼，仪式：在观众面前表演的包括讲演、发奖和其它仪式性活动的一套程序：〔stare〕The money on the table was staring her in the face.钱就在桌上，摆在她面前〔theophany〕An appearance of a god to a human being; a divine manifestation.显灵：神在人面前出现；显形的灵魂〔introduce〕To present (a performer, for example) to the public for the first time.引荐，推荐：第一次在公众面前介绍（如演员）〔weighty〕the weighty matters before the delegates at the peace talks.在和平谈判中摆在代表们面前的重大事宜〔freeze〕froze in front of the audience.在观众面前吓呆了〔pluck〕Resourceful courage and daring in the face of difficulties; spirit.勇气，胆量：在困难面前足智多谋的勇气和胆量；精力〔spread〕the scene that was spread before us.展现在我们面前的情景〔find〕found herself at home that night; found himself drawn to the stranger.发现她自己那天晚上在家中；发现他自己被拉到一个陌生人面前〔denunciation〕The act of accusing another of a crime before a public prosecutor.指控告发：在公众执行官面前指控别人是罪犯的行为〔tantalize〕To excite (another) by exposing something desirable while keeping it out of reach.挑逗：将某种令人渴望的事物摆在（另一个人）面前同时却又把它放在够不着的地方以达到刺激目的〔testify〕witnesses testifying before a grand jury.目击证人在陪审团面前作证〔bearbaiting〕The practice of setting dogs on a chained bear.纵狗逗熊：把狗放在被链条拴住的熊面前的一种训练〔before〕She asked that the visitor be brought before her.她要求把访问者带到她的面前来〔carry〕To place before the public; print or broadcast:刊载，广播：置于公众面前；刊载或广播：〔mercy〕Without any protection against; helpless before:任由…摆布；在…面前无助：〔conflict〕"Alexander had appeared to him, armed for combat" (Connop Thirlwall). “亚历山大大帝全副武装的出现在他面前” （康诺朴·塞沃尔）。〔debut〕A first public appearance, as of a performer.首次演出：演员等的首次在公从面前演出〔inquest〕A judicial inquiry into a matter usually held before a jury, especially an inquiry into the cause of a death.审讯，验尸：通常是在陪审团面前所做的对某事的法庭调查，特别是对死因的调查〔strut〕She strutted all her new clothes before the guests.她在客人面前炫耀她所有的新衣服〔worry〕To proceed doggedly in the face of difficulty or hardship; struggle:奋斗，挣扎：在困难或艰难面前不屈不挠；奋斗：〔sirvente〕from sirvent [servant (the position of a lover towards his mistress)] 源自 sirvent [仆人（恋爱中的人在他的情人面前所处的地位）] 〔panorama〕A picture or series of pictures representing a continuous scene, often exhibited a part at a time by being unrolled and passed before the spectator.转现全景画：描述一个连续景色的画或一系列画，转动着通过观众面前，一次只能看到一部分〔Philistine〕It has never been good to be a Philistine.Samson, Saul, and David in the Bible helped bring the Philistines into prominence because they were such prominent opponents.Even though the Philistines have long since disappeared,their name has lived on in the Old Testament.The English name for them,Philistines, which goes back through Late Latin and Greek to Hebrew, is first found in Middle English,wherePhilistiens, the ancestor of our word, is recorded in a work composed before 1325. Beginning in the 17th centuryphilistine was used as a common noun usually in the plural to refer to various groups considered the enemy,such as literary critics.In Germany in the same centuryit is said that in a memorial at Jena for a student who had been killed in a town-gown quarrel,the minister preached a sermon from the text "Philister über dir Simson! [The Philistines be upon thee, Samson!],”the words of Delilah to Samson after she attempted to render him powerless before his Philistine enemies.From this usage it is said that German students came to usePhilister, the German equivalent of Philistine, to denote nonstudents and hence uncultured or materialistic people.Both usages were picked up in English in the early 19th century.做非利士人从来没有好处。《圣经》中的参孙、索尔和大卫使非利士人出名是因为他们是很优秀的对手。尽管非利士人已消失很久了，他们的名字却仍存在于《旧约》当中。他们的英文名称Philistines 可由晚期拉丁语和希腊语追溯到希伯来语， 是在中世纪英语中首先发现的，其中我们所用词的前身Philistines 记载在一部1325年前的著作中。 17世纪以来，Philistine 被用作普通名词并且常以复数形式出现， 意指被认为是敌人的各种团体，如文学批评家。在同一世纪的德国，据说在耶拿举行的纪念一名在市民和大学生争执中被杀的学生的纪念会上，牧师从“［非利士人比你强，参孙!］”中选取了一段做布道，就是迪莱勒在试图使参孙在他的非利士手面前变得软弱无力后说的那些话。这段话的用法中可见德国学生开始使用philister 作为 philistine 的德语替代语， 意指不是学生因此也就是没有文化以及不务实的人。这两种用法在19世纪早期的英语中均能找到〔familiar〕Students should not try to be familiar in their behavior toward an instructor.学生在老师面前不应举止随便〔confessor〕One who confesses faith in Christianity in the face of persecution but does not suffer martyrdom.基督教信徒：指在迫害面前声称信仰基督教但并未殉道者〔perform〕To enact (a feat or role) before an audience.表演：在观众面前表演（一项技艺或角色）〔embarrass〕isn't easily rattled before an audience. 在一位听众面前喋喋不休并不容易 〔toady〕A toady is not a pleasant individual,and the origin of the word makes being a toady even less pleasant.Toady is obviously derived from the word toad. The-y suffix can have diminutive force, and the earliest recorded sense (around 1690) oftoady (now obsolete), "a little or young toad,” illustrates this force. The sense we know has nothing to do with baby toadsbut rather with the practice of certain quacks or charlatans who claimed that they could cast out poison.Toads were thought to be poisonous,so these charlatans would have an attendant eat a toad or pretend to eat oneand then remove the poison from the attendant.Such an attendant is obviously a type of person who would do anything,and thustoadeater (first recorded 1629) was the perfect name for a flattering, fawning parasite. Toadeater and the verb derived from it, toadeat, influenced the sense of the noun and verb toad and the noun toady, so that both nouns could mean "sycophant"and the verbtoady could mean "to act like a toady to someone.” 拍马者并不是一个讨人喜欢的人，这个词的来源使做拍马者这种作法更加不令人喜欢。Toady 很显然是从 toad 这个词衍生而来。 后缀-y 可以有一种指小的效力， Toady 这个词最早有记载(1690年左右）的含义“一只小或幼年蟾蜍”（现已废弃）正说明了这种效力。 我们现在知道的含义与年幼的蟾蜍没有什么关系，而与某些宣称能够驱毒的冒牌医生或江湖郎中的某些做法有关。当时人们认为蟾蜍有毒，所以这些江湖朗中会叫一个手下人吃下一只蟾蜍或假装吃下一只蟾蜍，然后把毒物从他的手下人身体中驱除出去。很明显，这样一个帮手是一种什么事都会做的人，这样，用toadeater （最早记载于1629年）这个词来称呼奉承拍马的寄生者是再合适不过了。 Toadeater 和从它衍生而来的动词 toadeat 影响了作为名词或动词的 toad 和作为名词 toady 的含义， 于是二个名词都可以理解为“拍马者”的意思，而动词toady 有“在某人面前象一个拍马者一样行动”的意思 〔affidavit〕A written declaration made under oath before a notary public or other authorized officer.宣誓书：在公证人或其他裁判官员面前经宣誓而立下的书面声明〔leveler〕Leveller A member of an English radical political movement arising in the Parliamentarian forces of the 1640's and advocating universal male suffrage, equality before the law, parliamentary democracy, and religious tolerance. Leveller 平均派成员：英国17世纪40年代议会军队中兴起的政治激进派成员，鼓吹男性公民普选权，法律面前人人平等，议会民主以及宗教宽容〔rehearse〕To practice something, such as a speech, before presenting it publicly.公开练习：在公众面前公开以前练习某事物，如讲演〔sincere〕"A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere. Before him, I may think aloud" (Ralph Waldo Emerson).“朋友是一个我可以真心对待的人。在他面前，我可以自言自语” （拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默森）。〔interrogate〕inter- [in the presence of] * see inter- inter- [在…面前] * 参见 inter- |
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