| 单词 | 霍尔 |
| 释义 | 〔Lakehurst〕A borough of east-central New Jersey south of Freehold. The dirigibleHindenburg was destroyed by fire at the naval air station here (May 6, 1937). Population, 2,908. 莱克赫斯特：美国新泽西州中东部的一个自治村镇，位于弗里霍尔德南部。兴登堡 号飞船曾在此处的海军航空站中毁于火海（1937年5月6日）。人口2,908 〔Hall〕British writer whose novelThe Well of Loneliness (1928) was originally banned as obscene in London and the United States. 霍尔，（马尔古里特）拉德克利夫：(1886-1943) 英国作家，其作品《孤独之源》 （1928年），最初被认为是淫秽作品而在伦敦和美国遭禁 〔fixate〕"Movies and television seem especially fixated on the troubled Vietnam veteran"(James Hall-Sheehy)“看来电影和电视把焦点特别对准了陷入困境的越军退役军人”(詹姆斯·霍尔—希伊)〔Gray〕German-born American educator who was appointed president of the University of Chicago (1978), thus becoming the first woman to preside over a major American university.格雷，汉纳·霍尔伯恩：(生于 1930) 德裔美国教育家，曾被任命为芝加哥大学的校长（1978年）， 成为第一位主持一所美国重点大学的女性〔Holbrook〕American educational reformer who organized (1826) the first lyceum for adult education in the United States.霍尔布鲁克，约西亚：(1788-1854) 美国教育改革家，组织了第一个美国成人教育学会（1826年）〔buildable〕"The problem was finding a site that was well located, appropriately zoned . . . and buildable"(Sam Hall Kaplan)“问题在于我到一个地点好的，有合适地带的，适于盖房的地点”(萨姆·霍尔·卡普兰)〔McCormick〕American inventor and manufacturer who developed a mechanical harvester (1831).麦考密克，赛勒斯·霍尔：(1809-1884) 美国发明家、制造家，曾发明机器收割机(1831年）〔quote〕As a transitive verbquote is appropriately used to describe the use of an exact wording drawn from another source. When the original source is paraphrased or alluded to,the more general termcite is usually preferable. · The nounquote is well established as a truncation of quotation, though many critics regard it as unduly journalistic or breezy.As such, it is best avoided in formal literary discussions.The use of the noun was acceptable to only 38 percent of the Usage Panel in the sentenceHe began the chapter with a quote from the Bible. But the usage is less objectionable in informal contexts or in reference to less august sources;the word was acceptable to 53 percent of the Panel in the sentenceHe lightened up his talk by throwing in quotes from Marx Brothers movies. · The nounquote is sometimes used as a synonym for "dictum, saying,” as inHis career is just one more validation of Andy Warhol's quote that "in the future, everybody will be famous for fifteen minutes.” This example was unacceptable to 76 percent of the Usage Panel.作为一个及物动词，用quote 一词来指从另一出处中抄取完全一样的用语是很恰当的。 当原文出处被意译或是间接提及时，一个意义更广泛的词cite 更可取。 quote 这名词形式是由 quatation 削减而来，也已被普遍接受， 虽然许多批评家认为这个词染有不恰当的记者文风或不太正式。因此，在正式的文学讨论中最好避免使用。在用法专题使用小组的调查中，只有38%的人认为这个名词在这章的开始他引用了《圣经》中的一段 文字 这个句子中的用法是可行的。 但在不正式的语境下或提及的出处不很严肃时，对于这种用法的反对意见要少一些。在他插入了一段引自马克斯兄弟电影中的 话 来活跃谈话气氛 这个句子中， 53%的小组成员认为这个词可以接受。 Quote 这个名词有时也可用作“格言、名言”的同义词， 如在他的一生再一次证实了安迪·霍尔的 格言 “将来，每个人都将享有十五分钟的知名度” 这个句子中， 用法专题使用小组中76%的成员认为这个例句无法接受〔complete〕"Nothing worth doing is completed in our lifetime" (Reinhold Niebuhr). “我们这辈子连一件有意义的事也没完成” （莱因霍尔德·尼泊赫）。〔Hall〕American astronomer who discovered and named the two satellites of Mars, Deimos and Phobos (1877).霍尔，阿萨佩：(1829-1907) 美国天文学家，1877年发现并命名了火星的两颗卫星，火卫二和火卫一〔Hoare〕British diplomat and public official. As secretary of state for foreign affairs (1935) he negotiated the agreement that gave Ethiopia to Italy as a protectorate and was subsequently forced to resign.霍尔，塞缪尔·约翰·格尼：(1880-1959) 英国外交家及公务官员，任外交部长期间（1935年）签定了把埃塞俄比亚转交给意大利并作为意的保护国的协议，后被迫辞职〔Mackinder〕British geographer who established geography as an academic field and maintained that Europe was the logical geographic center of world government, a theory used to support Nazi geopolitics.麦金德，霍尔福德·约翰：(1861-1947) 英国地理学家，他把地理学引入学术界，坚持认为欧洲是逻辑地理上的世界政府中心，这是一种用来支持纳粹地理政治的理论〔Parton〕American writer noted for her weekly column in theNew York Ledger (1856-1872) and her novel Ruth Hall (1855). 帕顿，萨拉·佩松·维利斯：(1811-1872) 美国作家。因其在《纽约记事报》 （1856-1872年）上的每周栏目和小说 《鲁思霍尔》 （1855年）而闻名 〔identify〕In the sense "to associate or affiliate (oneself) closely with a person or group,”identify has developed two distinct subsenses. In one, the verb suggests a psychological empathy with the feelings or experiences of another person,as inMost young readers readily identify (or identify themselves ) with Holden Caulfield. This usage derives originally from psychoanalytic writing,where it has a specific technical sense,but like other terms from that field,it was widely regarded as jargon when introduced into the wider discourse.In particular,critics seized on the fact that in this sense the verb was often used intransitively,with no reflexive pronoun.As Wilson Follett wrote in 1966,"The critic . . . could help restore the true notion in these words if he would give upidentifying at large and resume identifying himself with Ivan Karamazov, Don Quixote, Mary Poppins, or whomever.” In recent years, however, this use ofidentify with without the reflexive has become a standard locution. Eighty-two percent of the Usage Panel accepts the sentenceI find it hard to identify with any of his characters; whereas only 63 percent now accepts this same usage when the reflexive pronoun is used,as inI find it hard to identify myself with any of his characters. · Omission of the reflexive with this use ofidentify serves among other things to distinguish it from use of the verb to mean "to associate (oneself) with the goals, interests, or principles of a group.” This use of the verb can be traced back to the 18th century,but it is now somewhat less acceptable to the Panel than the first sense under discussion:58 percent of the Panel accepts the sentenceShe identified herself with the campaign against drug abuse, and only 40 percent acceptsShe identified with the campaign against drug abuse, where no reflexive pronoun is used. 在“使（自己）密切联系或依附于别人”这一意思中的。identify 一词又有两种不同的含义。 第一，这个动词表现了对其他人的感情或经历在心理上的认同，例如大多数青年读者很快认同了 （或 identify themselves ) 霍尔顿·科尔菲德。 这种用法来源于有关心理分析的著作，在这些著作中，这个词具有特殊的科技含义，不过就象从该领域引入的其它词语一样，这个词在日常生活使用中还带有专业术语的痕迹。特别指出的是，批评家们在发现这个词常常作为不及物动词来用，后面不带反身代词。正如威尔逊·福勒特1966年写到的，“如果评论家们很早就全面放弃identifying 而重新使用 identifying himself with 伊万·卡拉玛佐夫、堂吉诃德、玛丽·波普斯等人物，那就会有助于探询出这些词的真实含意。” 不过，近年来使用identify with 中间不加反身代词已成为一种标准搭配。 用法专题小组中82%的成员认为我觉得很难认同于他小说中的人物 一句是正确的； 而现在只有63%的成员接受使用反身代词来表达同一意思的句子，即I find it hard to identify myself with any of his characters。 省略反身代词以及其它一些方法，使identify 这种用法区别于它作为动词在“与某个集团的目标、利益或原则相联系”一句中的意思。 它作为动词的用法可追溯到18世纪，不过对于用法专题小组来说它没有第一种解释那样被易于接受：58%的小组成员接受她支持反对滥用药物的运动 这一说法， 只有40%的成员接受不要反身代词的She identified with the campaign against drug abuse 这一说法 〔tendency〕"Man's capacity for justice makes democracy possible,but man's inclination to injustice makes democracy necessary" (Reinhold Niebuhr). “人类对公平的接受能力使民主成为可能，但人类对不公平的倾向却使民主变得必需” （赖因霍尔德·尼布尔）〔Hall〕American psychologist who established an experimental psychology laboratory at Johns Hopkins University (1882), founded child psychology, and profoundly influenced educational psychology.霍尔，格朗维尔·斯坦利：(1844-1924) 美国心理学家，1882年他在约翰斯·霍普金斯大学建立了一座实验性的心理实验室，创建儿童心理学，对教育心理学影响极大〔withal〕"And, withal, a wider publicity was given to thought-provoking ideas"(Holbrook Jackson)“而且，广泛的公开性又给予了启发人思考的观念”(霍尔布鲁克·杰克逊)〔Allen〕American comic actor, writer, and filmmaker whose films includeAnnie Hall (1977), which won two Academy Awards. 艾伦，伍迪：(生于 1935) 美国喜剧演员、作家、电影制作人，他的影片包括《安妮·霍尔》 （1977年），获两项奥斯卡金像奖 〔holmium〕After Holmia (Stockholm), Sweden 源自 霍尔米亚 （斯德哥尔摩），瑞典 〔Hall〕American chemist who developed an electrolytic method of economically producing aluminum from bauxite (1886) and was a founder of the Aluminum Company of America (1888).霍尔，查尔斯·马丁：(1863-1914) 美国化学家，他发明了一种从铝土中提炼铝的经济的电解方法(1886年），并且在1888年成为美国铝业公司的创始人之一〔Hall〕American explorer who led three expeditions to the Arctic (1860-1862, 1864-1869, and 1871).霍尔，查尔斯·弗朗西斯：(1821-1871) 美国探险家，曾三次远征北极(1860-1862，1864-1869和1871年） |
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