| 单词 | 雅典 |
| 释义 | 〔Thrasybulus〕Athenian military and political leader who led the overthrow (403) of the tyrannical oligarchy established by Sparta in Athens.塞西布勒斯：雅典军事和政治领导人，他领导推翻了（公元前403年）斯巴达人对雅典的专制统治〔Isocrates〕Athenian orator and rhetorician whose letters and pamphlets are a valuable source of ancient Greek political thought.伊索克拉底：雅典雄辩家和修辞学家，他的信件和小册子是古代希腊政治思想的一个宝贵源泉〔Lamia〕A city of east-central Greece northwest of Athens. Founded c. fifth centuryb.c. , it was the site of the Lamian War (323-322 b.c. ) between the confederated Greeks and the Macedonian general Antipater, who was besieged in the city for several months before his ultimate victory. Population, 41,667. 拉米亚：希腊中东部的一座城市，位于雅典的西北部。该市大约于公元前 5世纪建立，希腊联邦与马其顿将军安提帕特之间的拉米亚战争（ 公元前 323年-322年）就爆发于此地，安提帕特将军在该市被困几个月后最后取得胜利。人口41,667 〔Hipparchus〕Athenian tyrant (527-514) who ruled with his brother Hippias and was assassinated.喜帕恰斯：雅典暴君(527年-514年），与其弟希庇亚斯共同执政，遇刺身亡〔Philomela〕A princess of Athens who, after being raped by her brother-in-law, Tereus, was avenged by her sister, Procne, and was later turned into a swallow or nightingale while fleeing Tereus.菲洛梅拉：雅典公主，被她姐夫忒瑞俄斯强奸后，又遭姐姐浦洛思的报复，后在逃离忒瑞俄斯途中，被变成一只燕子或夜莺〔ostracism〕In Athens and other cities of ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the state.陶片放逐制度：在古希腊的雅典和其他城市内对大众投票选出的被认为危害社会的公民进行的短期放逐〔Euboea〕An island of central Greece in the Aegean Sea east of the mainland. It was settled by Ionian and Thracian colonists and was later controlled by Athens, Rome, Byzantium, Venice, and Turkey before becoming part of Greece in 1830.埃维厄岛（优比亚岛）：希腊中部大陆以东爱琴海上的一个岛屿。来自小亚细亚和色雷斯的殖民者首先在此定居，在1830变成希腊领土的一部分以前曾被雅典、罗马、拜占庭、威尼斯和土耳其统治〔Hymettus〕A mountain ridge, rising to about 1,028 m (3,370 ft), in east-central Greece near Athens. Marble has been quarried here since antiquity. Hymettus is also famous for its honey.海默突斯山：一个山脊，高达大约1028米(3,370英尺），在希腊中东部，靠近雅典城，中世纪以来这儿产大理石此山还以蜂蜜而闻名〔Lysander〕Spartan military leader who won the final victory over Athens (404) in the Peloponnesian War.来山得：斯巴达军事统帅，他在404年的伯罗奔尼撒战争中取得了对雅典作战的最后胜利〔Procne〕An Athenian princess who avenged the betrayal and cruelty of her husband, Tereus, by killing their son. She and her sister Philomela were changed into swallows as Tereus pursued them.普洛克涅：雅典公主，为了报复其丈夫蒂留斯的残酷和背叛，杀死了他们的儿子。她和她的妹妹菲洛梅拉，在被蒂留斯追逐时都被变成了燕子〔Dionysia〕Ancient Greek festivals held seasonally, chiefly at Athens, in honor of Dionysus, especially those held in the fall and connected with the development of early Greek drama.酒神节：古希腊主要在雅典举行的季节性节日，以纪念狄俄尼索斯尤其是秋季举行，并同早期希腊戏剧发展有关〔Eleusis〕An ancient city of eastern Greece near Athens, site of the Eleusinian mysteries.艾琉西斯：希腊东部的一座古代城市，位于雅典附近，是艾琉西斯秘密仪式的所在地〔Aristophanes〕Athenian playwright considered to be the greatest ancient writer of satirical comedy. Among his surviving plays areThe Clouds (423) and Lysistrata (411). 阿里斯托芬：雅典剧作家，被认为是最伟大的古典讽刺喜剧作家。现存的剧本有《云》 （公元前423年）和 《吕西斯特拉特》 （公元前411年） 〔Sparta〕A city-state of ancient Greece in the southeast Peloponnesus. Settled by Dorian Greeks, it was noted for its militarism and reached the height of its power in the sixth centuryb.c. A protracted rivalry with Athens led to the Peloponnesian Wars (460-404) and Sparta's hegemony over all of Greece. Its ascendancy was broken by Thebans in 371. 斯巴达：伯罗奔尼撒半岛东南部古希腊的一个城邦。该城邦由多利安希腊人建立，以其军事主义著名，于公元前 6世纪达到全盛。它与雅典的长期对抗导致了伯罗奔尼撒战争（公元前460-404年）和斯巴达对整个希腊的霸权。它的支配地位于371年被底比斯人摧毁 〔terminate〕"The Peloponnesian war . . . terminated in the ruin of the Athenian commonwealth"(Alexander Hamilton)“伯罗奔尼撒战争以雅典同盟的毁灭而收尾”(亚历山大·汉密尔顿)〔Aristides〕Athenian statesman and general who fought in the Battle of Marathon (490) and in the victory over the Persians at Salamis (480). He was a central figure in the confederation of Greek states known as the Delian League (478).亚里斯泰迪斯：雅典政治家和将军，曾参加马拉松战役（公元前490年）和萨拉米斯战胜波斯的大捷（公元前480年）。他是被称为提洛同盟（公元前478年）的希腊城邦联盟的一个中心人物〔Demosthenes〕Greek orator whose reputation is based mainly on hisPhilippics, a series of orations exhorting the citizens of Athens to rise up against Philip II of Macedon. 狄摩西尼：希腊演说家，他的成名主要基于勉励雅典市民起来反抗马其顿国王腓力二世的一系列演讲《强烈抨击》 〔archon〕One of the nine principal magistrates of ancient Athens.（古雅典的）执政官：古代雅典的九名主要长官之一〔trierarch〕An Athenian who outfitted and maintained a trireme as a part of his civic duties.雅典负责装备三层划桨战船的公民〔Athens〕A city of northeast Georgia east-northeast of Atlanta. It was founded in 1785 as the site of the University of Georgia (established 1801). Population, 45,734.雅典：美国乔治亚州东北部一城市，位于亚特兰大东北偏东。1785年作为佐治亚大学（建于1801年）的所在地而建。人口45,734〔boule〕The senate of 400 founded by Solon in ancient Athens.元老会：古代雅典由梭伦创建的由400人组成的元老院〔Socrates〕Greek philosopher who initiated a question-and-answer method of teaching as a means of achieving self-knowledge. His theories of virtue and justice have survived through the writings of Plato, his most important pupil. Socrates was tried for corrupting the minds of Athenian youth and subsequently put to death (399).苏格拉底：希腊哲学家，首创了问答工教学方法，作为获得认识自我的一种方法。他关于道德和正义的理论，通过柏拉图（他最著名的学生）的著作而得以流传下来。苏格拉底因被指控毒害雅典年轻人的头脑而受到审判，并因此被处死（公元前339年）〔trierarchy〕The ancient Athenian system whereby individual citizens furnished and maintained triremes as a part of their public duty.三层划桨战船规则：古代雅典关于每个公民需提供并维持三层划桨战船作为公民义务的一部分的规则〔Cleisthenes〕Athenian statesman who enacted the legal reforms of Solon, replaced the older family-based political organization with one based on locality, and is generally regarded as the founder of Athenian democracy.克利斯提尼：雅典政治家，他将梭伦的立法改革制定成法律文件，取代了旧有的以家族结合地域性的政治结构，通常被认为是雅典民主政治的创建者〔Diogenes〕Greek philosopher who founded the Cynic school of philosophy, stressing self-control and the pursuit of virtue. He is said to have once wandered through the streets of Athens with a lantern, searching for an honest man.第欧根尼：希腊哲学家，哲学犬儒学派奠基人，强调自我控制和推崇善行。说他曾提着灯在雅典大街漫步寻找诚实的人〔Athens〕A city of southeast Ohio in the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains west of Marietta. Settled c. 1797, it is a processing and manufacturing center. Population, 21,265.雅典：美国俄亥俄州东南部一城市，位于玛丽埃塔以西阿巴拉契亚山脚。约1797年建立，是加工业和制造业中心。人口21,265〔eupatrid〕A member of the hereditary aristocracy of ancient Athens.世袭贵族：古代雅典的世袭贵族之一〔Aegeus〕A king of Athens and the father of Theseus.埃勾斯：雅典的国王，忒修斯的父亲〔Phidias〕Athenian sculptor who supervised work on the Parthenon. His statue of Zeus at Olympia was one of the Seven Wonders of the World.菲迪亚斯：雅典雕塑家，曾监管巴台农神殿的工作，他在奥林匹亚的宙斯雕像是世界七大奇观之一〔Attic〕Of, relating to, or characteristic of ancient Attica, Athens, or the Athenians.阿提卡的：属于、关于古阿提卡、雅典或雅典人的或以古阿提卡、雅典或雅典人为特征的〔Salamis〕An island of Greece in the Saronic Gulf east of Athens. In an important naval battle off the island's northeast coast the Greeks, led by Themistocles, defeated the Persian fleet in 480b.c. 萨拉米斯岛：希腊雅典以东的萨尔尼科湾一岛屿。公元前 480年在发生于该岛东北沿岸附近的一次重大海战中，西米斯托可斯率领希腊人打败波斯舰队 〔Pisistratus〕Athenian tyrant (560-527) remembered for encouraging athletic contests and literary efforts.庇西特拉图：雅典暴君（公元前560-527年），以其鼓励体育竞赛和对文学的贡献而闻名〔nourish〕"Athens was an imperial city, nourished by the tribute of subjects"(V. Gordon Childe)“雅典曾是一个帝国，靠附属国向其纳贡”(V.戈登·柴尔德)〔Olynthus〕An ancient city of northeast Greece on the coast of Macedonia. As head of the Chalcidian League after the late fifth centuryb.c. , it opposed the threats of Athens and Sparta but was captured briefly by Athens and subjugated by Sparta in 379. Philip of Macedon destroyed the city in 348. 奥林索斯：希腊东北部，马其顿区一海滨古城。作为公元前 5世纪晚期哈尔基斯城邦联盟的首领，它曾极力与雅典和斯巴达相抗争，但在被雅典占领了一小段时间而后又于379年被斯巴达征服。马其顿国王腓力于348年摧毁了该城 〔Pericles〕Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon.伯里克利：古雅典首领，因其推进了雅典民主制并下令建造巴台农神庙而著名〔Epicurus〕Greek philosopher who founded his influential school of Epicureanism in Athens c. 306.伊壁鸠鲁：古希腊哲学家，于公元前306年在雅典创立了其颇具影响力的伊壁鸠鲁学派〔lyceum〕from Greek Lukeion [the school outside Athens where Aristotle taught (335-323] b.c. ) 源自 希腊语 路凯恩 [雅典城外亚里斯多德任教的学校(] 公元前 335-323年） 〔Attica〕An ancient region of east-central Greece around Athens. According to Greek legend, the four Attic tribes were unified into a single state by the Athenian king Theseus.阿提卡：希腊中东部雅典周围的一古老地区。根据古希腊传说，四个阿提卡部落由雅典国王西修斯统一为一个部〔Aegospotami〕A small river and ancient town of southern Thrace in present-day western Turkey. The culminating battle of the Peloponnesian War, in which Lysander and the Spartans destroyed the Athenian fleet, took place at the mouth of the river in 405b.c. 伊哥斯波塔米：色雷斯南部一小河及古老城镇，位于现在的土耳其西部。公元前 405年在此河口爆发了伯罗奔尼撒战争的最后一战，在此战役中来山得以及斯巴达人击败了雅典舰队 〔Draco〕Athenian politician who codified the laws of Athens (c. 621). Lauded for its impartiality, his code was unpopular for its severity.德拉古：雅典政治家，制定了雅典的法典（公元前621年），该法典因其公平受到赞扬，但因其严酷而不受欢迎 |
| 随便看 |
|
学习网英语词汇栏目收词371507余条，连同派生词、复合词、词组和习语等。每个词条提供了音标、词性、释义、用法、搭配和同（近）义词等多项功能，对所收词汇进行全方位的解释和说明，内容丰富，功能全面。