| 单词 | 重点 |
| 释义 | 〔feature〕An item advertised or offered as particularly attractive or as an inducement:重点宣传的产品：作为特别有吸引力、诱惑力而提供或作广告的项目：〔stress〕Importance, significance, or emphasis placed on something.See Synonyms at emphasis 重要，强调：重要，重点或对某物的强调 参见 emphasis〔detail〕skipped the details to get to the main point.舍细节，抓重点〔emphasis〕lay heavy stress on law and order. 主要重点放在法律和秩序上。 〔issue〕The essential point; crux:重点，难题：必要的观点；难题：〔shift〕A change in attitude, judgment, or emphasis.态度，判断或重点的改变〔logocentrism〕A structuralist method of analysis, especially of literary works, that focuses upon words and language to the exclusion of non-linguistic matters, such as an author's individuality or historical context.文字中心论：尤指针对文学作品的构造主义分析方法，重点放在文字及语言上而不虑及非语言学成分，如作家个性或历史背景〔father〕The verbfather has come to be used widely to mean specifically to "perform the child-rearing functions of a father,”particularly in the gerundfathering, as inFathering a step-child takes considerable tact and understanding. This usage reflects the same social changes that have led to the analogous use of the verbparent and has met with the same kinds of critical resistance.In the most recent surveythe example cited was rejected by 64 percent of the Usage Panel.A problem particular to this use offather is that it may occasion opportunities for humorous misconstruction,since it is in direct competition with the older sense of "beget.” ·It is notablethat the analogous use ofmother as a verb meaning specifically "to perform the child-rearing functions of a mother" is encountered only rarely.It is likely that the discrepancy in the frequency of these new uses ofmother and father reflects the fact that recent writers on family life have tended to place more emphasis on a reconceptualization of the traditional paternal role in child-rearing.See Usage Note at parent 动词father 被广泛应用， 尤指“履行一个父亲养育孩子的职责”，特别是动名词fathering， 如在抚育养子得花费巨大的心智和理解 。 这种用法反应了引起动词parent 相似用法的同样社会变化， 并遭到了同样的批评反对。在最近的调查中，引用的例子被用法专题使用小组64%的成员反对。特别对于father 这种用法的一个问题是， 它可能会引起幽默的误解，因为它直接与旧观念的“生育”冲突。值得注意的是，mother 作为动词的相似用法意思特指“履行一个母亲生养孩子的职责”， 这种用法很少见。看起来mother 和 father 这些新用法出现频率的不一致反映了一个事实， 那就是近期家庭生活题材的作者们倾向于将更多的重点放在重新定义父母在抚养孩子上所充任的传统角色 参见 parent〔stress〕The relative force of sound or emphasis given a syllable or word in accordance with a metrical pattern.重读：在被给的音节或词语中与诗格相适应的声音的相对力量或重点〔Rogers〕American psychologist. A founder of humanistic psychology, he developed client-centered therapy, in which the client directs the focus and pace of each session.罗杰斯，卡尔：(1902-1987) 美国心理学家，人本主义心理学的缔造者。他首创以患者为中心的心理疗法，治疗中患者指示每一次与医生会谈的重点和进度〔militate〕"All these factors militated to a different targeting priority"(Tom Clancy)"The chaste banality of his prose . . . militates against the stories' becoming literature"(Anthony Burgess)“所有这些因素导致了一个不同的重点”(汤姆·克兰西)“他行文中那种平铺直叙，故作高雅的陈词滥调…妨碍了这些小说成为真正的文学作品”(安东尼·伯吉斯)〔Cathar〕A member of a heretical Christian sect that flourished in western Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries and professed a dualistic belief emphasizing ascetic renunciation of the world.清洁派成员：一种基督教异教派别的成员，该派别兴盛于12世纪与13世纪的西欧，怀有双重信仰，重点强调世界范围内放弃禁欲主义〔appendicitis〕Even though the wordappendicitis was in use in 1885, the year in which theOxford English Dictionary published the section "Anta-Battening" that would have contained the word, the editor, James Murray, omitted this "crack-jaw medical and surgical word" on the advice of Oxford's Regius Professor of Medicine, Sir Henry Wentworth Acland.As K.M. Elisabeth Murray, the granddaughter and biographer of James Murray, points out,"The problem of what scientific words to include was a continuing one, and James Murray was always under pressure—from his advisers . . . who thought the emphasis should be on words from good literature and from those in the [Oxford University] Press who wanted to save cost and time—not to include scientific words of recent origin.”In 1902 no less a person than Edward VII had his appendix removed,and his coronation was postponed because of the operation.Appendicitis hence came into widespread use and has remained so, thereby pointing up the lexicographer's difficult task of selecting the new words that people will look for in their dictionaries.尽管appendicitis 这个词于1885年就已使用， 在这一年出版的牛津英语词典 的“安塔族-增长论”这一分册应包括有这个词， 但在牛津皇家医学院教授亨利·温特华斯·阿克兰的建议下，主编詹姆斯·莫雷删掉了这个“拗口的医学和外科用词”。正如詹姆斯·莫雷的孙女和传记作者K·M·伊莉莎白·莫雷指出的那样， “应包括什么科学用语是一个长期以来的问题，詹姆斯·莫雷经常遇到来自他的顾问的压力…他们认为重点应放到从好文学作品中收来的词汇上，还受到来自出版社的压力，他们为了节约成本和时间而不愿收录新近的科学词汇”。1902年恰恰正是爱德华七世割除了阑尾，他的加冕典礼也因为这次手术而延迟。Appendicitis 一词因此得到了普遍的使用并保持至今， 这也表明了词典编纂者在选择人们要查找的新单词时所面临的艰难任务〔emphasis〕laid a strong emphasis on the study of foreign languages;把主要重点放在学习外语上；〔understate〕To express with restraint or lack of emphasis, especially ironically or for rhetorical effect.轻描淡写地陈述：带限制地或缺乏重点地表达，尤指讽刺性地或为修辞作用〔resent〕When we read the statement "Should we not be monstrously ingratefull if we did not deeply resent such kindness?” (from theSermons of Isaac Barrow, written before 1677), we may be pardoned for momentarily thinking we are in never-never land.For a time ranging roughly from the last part of the 17th century to the second half of the 18th,the wordresent did refer to gratefulness and appreciation as well as injury and insult. Resent has also been used in other senses that seem strange to us, such as "to feel pain" or "to perceive by smell.”The thread that ties the senses together is the notion of feeling or perceiving.The Old French source of our word,resentir, "to feel strongly,” is made up of the prefix re-, acting in this case as an intensive, and sentir, "to feel or perceive.” There is much that one can feel,but at least for now this word has narrowed its focus to a feeling of indignation.当我们读到“假如我们对这种仁慈不深表感激，我们就应该极度地忘恩负义吗”（选自伊萨克·巴罗的启示 ，写于1677年以前）这一叙述时， 我们瞬间地想到我们处于人烟稀少的边远地区就可以得到原谅了。在大致从17世纪后期到18世纪下半期这段时间内，resent 一词确实意指感激和赏识，同时又可以指伤害和侮辱。 Resent 还可以用于在我们看来很古怪的其它意义上， 如“感到痛楚”或“通过气味感知”等。把这些意义联结在一起的线是感觉或感知的概念。该词意为“强烈地感觉”的古法语语源resentir 是由用于加强语气的前缀 re- 以及意为“感觉或感知”的 sentir， 构成的。 可以感觉到的东西很多，但至少现在这个词的重点用法已被集中于愤怒的感觉 |
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