| 单词 | 道德规范 |
| 释义 | 〔sin〕To violate a religious or moral law.犯罪：违反宗教或道德规范〔integrity〕Steadfast adherence to a strict moral or ethical code.See Synonyms at honesty 廉正，诚实：恪守严格的道德规范或宗教教义 参见 honesty〔decent〕Characterized by conformity to recognized standards of propriety or morality.得体的：以符合公认的行为和道德规范为特征的〔busy〕"the sedulous pursuit of legal and moral principles" (Ernest van den Haag); “对法律和道德规范不懈的追求” （欧内斯特·凡丹哈）； 〔anomic〕Socially unstable, alienated, and disorganized:无法无天的，无道德规范的：社交方面不稳定的，被疏远的，无纪律的：〔offense〕Genocide is an offense to all civilized human beings.种族灭绝违反文明人的道德规范的罪行〔morality〕A system of ideas of right and wrong conduct:道德规范：关于正确与错误行为的观点组成的系统：〔upright〕Adhering strictly to moral principles; righteous.诚实的，公正的：严格地坚守道德规范的；正直的，公正的〔Swinburne〕British poet and critic who wrote musical, often erotic verse in which he attacked the conventions of Victorian morality.斯温伯恩，阿杰诺·查尔斯：(1837-1909) 英国诗人及批评家，常写乐体诗或色情诗来抨击维多利亚时代的道德规范〔right〕 Right refers to a legally, morally, or traditionally just claim: Right 指合法的，符合道德规范的或传统上的正当权力： 〔single〕a single moral code for all.对所有人都适用的道德规范〔parameter〕In recent yearsparameter has become the archetype for the borrowing of scientific terms into general usage and as such has occasioned a good deal of skeptical comment.Some of its new uses can be justified as useful extensions of the technical senses of the word.For example, the provisions of a zoning ordinance that limit the height or density of new construction can be reasonably likened to mathematical parameters that establish the limits of other variables.Therefore one can properly sayThe zoning commission announced new planning parameters for the historic Lamping district of the city. But other uses suggest that the writer has not understood the technical senseand has chosen it primarily as a way of injecting an aura of scientific precision into what would otherwise be a pedestrian communication.Thus there is no semantic justification for usingparameter as a general substitute for characteristic, as inThe Judeo-Christian ethic is one of the important parameters of Western culture, an example found unacceptable by 80 percent of the Usage Panel. ·Some of the difficulties with nontechnical use ofparameter appear to arise from its resemblance to the word perimeter, with which it shares the sense "limit,” though the two words differ in their precise meaning.This confusion doubtless explains the use ofparameter in a sentence such as U.S. forces report that the parameters of the mine area in the Gulf are fairly well established, where the wordperimeter would have expressed the intended sense more exactly. This example of a use ofparameter was unacceptable to 61 percent of the Usage Panel. 近些年来，parameter 已成为一个从科技术语借用到普通用法的原形， 同时也引起了大量的怀疑批评。它的某些新用法可被看作是该词科技含义的有益扩展。例如，某一区域性法规中关于新建筑高度或密度的条文能被合理地与制定其它变量限度的数学参量进行比较。因而，人们当然可以说地区委员会公布了历史上该城有名的灯区新计划方案 。 但其它的一些用法说明说话人还没有理解它的科技含义，并且选用了这个词主要作为给将是普通交流的东西注入一些精确的科学气息的途径。因此，用parameter 作为 characteristic 的一般等价词毫无语义上的合理性， 如在犹太教与基督教的道德规范是西方文化中重要的限制因素 ， 是80%的用法小组成员不接受的例子。Parameter 的非科技运用中的一些难点是由于它与 perimeter 都有“限制”的含义造成的， 尽管两个词的确切含义是不相同的。这种混淆无疑解释了parameter 在例如 美军报告说，海湾地雷区的环形防线设置得相当不错 的句子中的运用， 这里perimeter 可能会更确切地表达这种引申含义。 61%的用法小组成员不接受这个运用parameter 的例子 〔law〕A code of principles based on morality, conscience, or nature.道德规范：基于道德、良心或本性之上的一套原则〔base〕Devoid of high values or ethics:情感不高尚的，没有道德规范的，堕落的：〔degrade〕"debasing the moral currency" (George Eliot).“降低普遍的道德规范” （乔治·爱略特）。〔anomic〕A socially unstable, alienated person:无法无天，无道德规范：社交方面不稳定，被他人疏远的人：〔licentious〕Lacking moral discipline or ignoring legal restraint, especially in sexual conduct.放荡的，淫乱的：缺乏道德规范或不顾法律约束的，尤指性行为 |
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