| 单词 | 被破坏 |
| 释义 | 〔ruin〕A destroyed person, object, or building.捣毁的东西：被破坏的人、物体或建筑物〔kaput〕Having been destroyed; wrecked.完蛋了的：被破坏了的；毁坏的，遇难的〔trashed〕Expressions for intoxication are among those that best showcase the creativity of slang. The boundless inventiveness in expressing the ordinary in not-so-ordinary ways led Walt Whitman to describe slang as"an attempt of common humanity to escape from bald literalism, and express itself illimitably.” Colloquial and slang expressions meaning "intoxicated" can fill several pages in slang thesauruses. Most fall into a few general groups. Common are expressions that originally meant "damaged, badly affected by something,” such as trashed, smashed, crocked, blitzed, hammered, wasted, messed up, and blasted. Cooking terms are also common, such as baked, fried, and boiled (said to have been coined at Princeton University in the 1920s). Terms relating to liquids or being filled are a natural source of metaphors for filling oneself up with drink or drugs: sloshed, oiled, tanked, and loaded are but a few. Some terms are not easily classified or have origins that are not fully clear, such as tight (first appearing in the 1830s), plastered (first appearing around 1912), blotto (perhaps from blot, first appearing in 1917), and stoned (apparently taken from such expressions as stone-drunk, stone-cold, and first appearing as stone in 1945). Most current terms for "intoxicated" are not very old, as one expects of slang terms generally; of those in the lists above, blotto, crocked, fried, loaded, plastered, tanked, tight, and oiled are recorded in the first half of the 20th century, and of these only tight and oiled are known to have existed before then. 表示喝醉的词语充分体现了俚语的创造性。用非同寻常的方式创造极为寻常的俚语，其间蕴藏了无限创造空间，华尔特·惠特曼将俚语描述为“让平常心从文字束缚中逃离，并随性表达出来” 。表示“喝醉的，酒醉的”的口语以及俚语的表达方式，可以填满俚语同义词的数页空间。大多数俚语可归入几个分类。许多常见俚语的原意为“被破坏的，受某物负面影响”，如 trashed、smashed、crocked、blitzed、hammered、wasted、messed up 以及 blasted 。烹饪词汇也很普遍，如 baked、fried 和 boiled （据说由普林斯顿大学于20世纪20年代创造）。与液体或注入有关的词语是隐喻表示过多饮酒或吸毒而形成的自然来源： sloshed、oiled、tanked 和 loaded 只是其中少数例子。有些词语不易界定其类别或其原意较不清楚，如 tight （首次出现于19世纪30年代）、 plastered （首次出现于1912年）、 blotto （可能源自 blot ，首次出现于1917年）以及 stoned （显然来自词语 stone-drunk和stone-cold ，并于1945年首次以 stone 的形式出现）。正如大家对俚语的普遍看法，大多数表示“喝醉的，酒醉的”的现行词语都较新；在如上所列词汇中， blotto、crocked、fried、loaded、plastered、tanked、tight 和 oiled 首次见载于19世纪中叶，只有 tight 和 oiled 是所知早于那个时期 〔punishment〕"The severity of the punishment must . . . be in keeping with the kind of obligation which has been violated"(Simone Weil)“这种处罚的严肃性一定…是保持和被破坏了的法律的一致性”(西蒙娜·韦尔)〔emphysema〕A pathological condition of the lungs marked by an abnormal increase in the size of the air spaces, resulting in labored breathing and an increased susceptibility to infection. It can be caused by irreversible expansion of the alveoli or by the destruction of alveolar walls.肺气肿：肺部的一种病态，特征为肺中的空间不正常地增大，导致呼吸困难并且易于受感染。它是由肺小泡的不可逆的扩张或肺小泡壁被破坏而引起的〔wreck〕The remains of something that has been wrecked or ruined.残骸：某物被破坏或摧毁后的残余物〔most〕Most of the town was destroyed. Most of the books were missing.大多数城镇被破坏。大多数书都找不着了〔wrack〕A remnant or vestige of something destroyed.残骸：被破坏的东西的残骸或残迹〔Avellino〕A city of southern Italy east-northeast of Naples. Although damaged by an earthquake in 1930, the old city retains much of its medieval aspect. Population, 56,120.阿韦利诺：意大利南部一城市，位于那不勒斯东北偏东。虽于1930年地震中被破坏， 但旧城仍保留了大量中世纪风采。人口56,120〔immersible〕Capable of being completely immersed in water without suffering damage:可浸入水中的：可完全浸入水中而不被破坏的：〔Cavite〕A city of southwest Luzon, Philippines, on Manila Bay southwest of Manila. It has been an important naval base since Spanish times. The American facilities here were virtually destroyed in bombing raids by the Japanese on December 10, 1941. Population, 87,666.卡威提：菲律宾吕宋岛西南部城市，位于马尼拉西南的马尼拉湾。自西班牙殖民时期起就一直是重要的海军基地。1941年12月10日美国在此的设施在日军空袭中几乎全被破坏。人口87,666〔decay〕Disintegrate refers to complete breakdown into component parts and implies the destruction of usefulness or integrity: Disintegrate 指完全分裂成组成部分，意味着功能整体的被破坏： 〔bust〕To undergo breakage; become broken.爆破，破裂：进行毁损；变成被破坏的〔destruction〕The condition of having been destroyed.被摧毁，被破坏的情形〔corrupt〕a proof vitiated by a serious omission. 因严重玩忽职守而被破坏的证据 |
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