| 单词 | 表达 |
| 释义 | 〔causative〕Abbr. caus.Expressing causation. Used of a verb or verbal affix.缩写 caus.表达原因的：表达原因。用作动词或动词词缀〔verb〕The part of speech that expresses existence, action, or occurrence in most languages.动词：在大多数语言中表达存在、行为或发生的那部分词类〔devotional〕Of, relating to, expressive of, or used in devotion, especially of a religious nature.虔诚的：虔诚的，与虔诚有关的，表达虔诚感情的，使用虔诚的，特别是在忏悔时用〔best〕According to rule,better should be used in comparisons between two things: Which house of Congress has the better (not best ) attendance record? In certain fixed expressions, however,best is used idiomatically for comparisons between two: Put your best foot forward. May the best man win! See Usage Note at better 1rather 按照规定，better 应用于两种东西的比较： which house of Congress has the better （而不是 best ） attendence record？（哪一次的议会出席率高一些？）。 在某些固定的表达中best 也被习惯用于两者之间的比较： 全力以赴。祝最佳的取胜！ 参见 better1rather〔whee〕Used to express extreme pleasure or enthusiasm.啊：用以表达极度的喜悦或激情〔worship〕The ceremonies, prayers, or other religious forms by which this love is expressed.崇拜仪式：表达这种爱的典礼、祈祷或其他宗教仪式〔dithyramb〕An irregular poetic expression suggestive of the ancient Greek dithyramb.充满激情的诗歌：使人联想起古希腊赞美酒神的合唱诗的不规则诗歌表达〔chime〕To interrupt the speech of others, especially with an unwanted opinion.插话：尤指表达无用的看法而打断别人的说话〔aesthetics〕The branch of philosophy that deals with the nature and expression of beauty, as in the fine arts.美的哲学：哲学的分支，研究美学艺术中美的本质及表达〔reverential〕Expressing reverence; reverent.恭敬的，虔敬的：表达尊重的；感到尊重的〔epithet〕A term used to characterize a person or thing, such asrosy-fingered in rosy-fingered dawn or the Great in Catherine the Great. 表述词语：用来表示某人某物特性的一个表达，如玫瑰色状的黎明 中的 玫瑰色指状的 或 伟大的凯瑟琳 中的 伟大的 等 〔reword〕To state or express again in the same words; repeat.再说，重述：以同样的词句再次陈述或表达；重复〔emotive〕Characterized by, expressing, or exciting emotion:感情用事的：感情的，表达或激发感情的：〔ressentiment〕A generalized feeling of resentment and often hostility harbored by one individual or group against another, especially chronically and with no means of direct expression.无名怨恨，愤慨：个人或集团对其它个人或集团怀有的怨恨和常隐藏的带敌意的感情，尤指长期、无法直接表达的怨恨〔felicity〕felicity of expression.表达的恰到好处〔couch〕To word in a certain manner; phrase:措辞：以某种方式表达；措辞：〔help〕a fine sense of rhythm that helped (or aided ) the student in learning music. Help, however, sometimes conveys a stronger suggestion of effectual action: 有助于（或用 aided ）学生学习音乐的良好的节奏感。 但是help 有时所表达的有效行动的意味更为强烈一些： 〔penitential〕Of, relating to, or expressing penitence.属于、有关或表达悔过的〔need〕Note also that the use ofneed as an auxiliary is often accompanied by a presupposition that the activity in question has in fact been performed.The boys needn't have spoken frankly implies that they did in fact speak frankly, whereas the sentenceThe boys did not need to speak frankly does not; only the latter could be followed by a clauselikethey conveyed their meanings by indirection. 还需注意need 用作助动词时经常伴随一个先决条件， 质问的动作事实上已经完成了。那些男孩们本来不需要坦诚相告的 意味着他们事实上已经坦率地说了， 然而这个句子男孩们不需要坦诚地说话 就没有这个意思； 只有后者可以在其后跟这样一个句子，如他们间接地表达他们的意思 〔diction〕 Diction is the selection and arrangement of words in relation to effective expression: Diction 关系到有效表达用词的挑选和安排： 〔optative〕Expressing a wish or choice.希求的，祈望的：表达一种愿望或选择的〔speak〕The biography speaks of great loneliness.传记表达了一种极度的孤寂〔expressive〕actions expressive of frustration.表达受挫的行动〔someday〕This sense can also be conveyed bysome day and some time. The two-word forms are always usedwhensome is an adjective modifying and specifying a more particular day or time (used as nouns): 这个意思也可以由some day 和 some time 来表达。 这种两个单词分开的形式总是在下列情况时被使用，即当some 作为形容词修饰或限制一个比较特定的 day 或 time 时（此时这两个词用作名词）： 〔bother〕Used to express annoyance or mild irritation.用于表达烦恼或轻度恼怒〔saying〕Maxim denotes particularly an expression of a general truth or a rule of conduct: Maxim 特指普遍真理或行为准则的表达： 〔ugly〕The standard sense of the adjectiveugly becomes figurative in the common expression an ugly temper. Regional American speech shares this figurative sense and makes it even more specific.In New Englandugly as applied to animals, especially large farm animals such as cows and horses, means "balky, hard to manage.”In the South, on the other hand,ugly with the specific sense of "rude" is used of persons: Don't be ugly, son. Interestingly, the wordclever (senses 4 through 6) follows the same regional pattern as ugly : in New England the specialized senses refer to animals; in the South, to persons.形容词ugly 的标准的意思在的表达 坏脾气 中变得借喻性了。 美国的地区性语言中都有这种比喻性意义并且使它更加具体化。在新英格兰ugly 被用于动物， 尤其是大型的家畜，如奶牛和马，其意思是“不好，很难控制”。在南部，另一方面，ugly 被用于人的具体意思为“粗鲁的”： 孩子，不要那么粗鲁。 有意思的是，单词clever （释义4到6）有着和 ugly 一样地方性形式： 在新英格兰，特指的意思用于动物；在南方用于人〔compliment〕To show fondness, regard, or respect for by giving a gift or performing a favor.向…致意：通过赠送礼物或提供帮助来表达喜爱、致意或尊敬之情〔burst〕To give sudden utterance or expression:突然…：突然地发声或表达：〔commentary〕An apt explanation or illustration:一个恰当的表达或说明：〔fair〕The history of the wordfair illustrates how words can weaken in meaning over time. In Old English the ancestor offair, fæger, had senses such as "lovely, beautiful, pleasant, agreeable,” a far cry from our modern sense "mildly good or satisfying.”The Old English senses passed into Middle English,where the wordfair started to take a slight turn in the direction already alluded to. Fair could mean "highly to be approved of, splendid, good,”but it could also be used ironically,as in Chaucer's observation after a horse threw the Cook on the pilgrimage to Canterbury:"that was a fair feat of horsemanship by the Cook.”This ironic use was probably not responsible for the semantic weakening offair, but it shows how a positive word can have its meaning reversed.The weakening offair was most likely caused by "the determined optimism which led to the use of fair . . . rather than direct expression of discontent,”in the words of George H. McKnight.One might add as another cause the desire to avoid hurting other people's feelings.单词fair 的历史表明随岁月的流逝单词的语意变弱。 在古英语中fair，f?ger 本意是“可爱的，漂亮的，愉快的”， 与我们现在的“比较好或满意的”大相径庭。古英语传到中世纪英语时，fair 已开始在引申的方向上有微小的转变。 Fair 可以表达“被高度赞许的，辉煌的，好的，”但也可用作反语，如在往坎特伯雷朝圣的途中马将科克摔下时后，乔尔斯评论道：“那是科克精湛骑术的体现”。这种反语用法也许对fair 语义学上的弱化没有联系， 但它表明了一个褒义的单词可以变得意思完全相反。fair 的弱化很大程度上缘于“坚决的乐观主义导致 fair 的用法改变， 而不是直接表达不满意的意思，”乔治赫·马克奈特如此评论。人们可以再添上其它原因以免伤害别人的感情〔Gad〕Used to express surprise or dismay.哎哟，天哪：用于表达吃惊或惊恐〔nor〕The traditional rule requires thatnor be used following neither in expressions in which the negation is carried over to the second element:He is neither able nor (not or ) willing to go. Noris likewise required when a negation is carried over into the second of two independent clauses, in which caseit also triggers inversion of the subject and the auxiliary verb in the second clause: 传统规则要求nor 用于 neither 后面， 在这种表达中，否定放在第二个部分：他既不能也 （不用 or ) 不愿走。 Nor在当两个独立句子中的第二个也被否时被用， 在这种用法中，它也引起第二个句子主语和助动词的转变： 〔paean〕A fervent expression of joy or praise:赞歌，欢乐歌：高兴或赞美的一种热情的表达：〔allegory〕A literary, dramatic, or pictorial device in which characters and events stand for abstract ideas, principles, or forces, so that the literal sense has or suggests a parallel, deeper symbolic sense.寓言，讽喻：一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法，其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力，从而使表面含义含有或表达一种对等的，但更深刻的象征意义〔and〕It is frequently asserted that sentences beginning withand or but express "incomplete thoughts" and are therefore incorrect. But this rule was ridiculed by grammarians like Wilson Follett (who ascribed it to "schoolmarmish rhetoric") and H.W. Fowler (who called it a "superstition"),and the stricture has been ignored by writers from Shakespeare to Virginia Woolf.Members of the Usage Panel were asked whether they paid attention to the rule in their own writing:24 percent answered "always or usually,” 36 percent answered "sometimes,” and 40 percent answered "rarely or never.”See Usage Note at both ,but ,try ,with 通常认为用and 或 but 开始的句子表达“不完整的思想”，因而是不正确的。 但这条规则被一些语法学家所嘲弄，如威尔逊·弗莱特（称之为“古板的修辞”），和H·W福勒（称之为“迷信”），从莎士比亚到弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫之间的作家都忽视了这条规定。当用法专题小组的成员被问到在他们的自己写作中是否也注意到这条规则时：24%的人回答“一直是这样或一般是这样”，36%的人回答“有时这样”，40%的人回答“很少或从来没有” 参见 both,but,try,with〔expressionism〕A movement in the arts during the early part of the 20th century that emphasized subjective expression of the artist's inner experiences.表现主义：20世纪早期艺术的一种流派，强调艺术家的内心经验的主观表达〔denote〕To serve as a symbol or name for the meaning of; signify:表示，意为：作为一个表达该意义的符号或名字；意为：〔argue〕These verbs denote verbal exchange expressing conflict of positions or opinions. To这些动词都是指用语言互换来表达立场或观点的冲突。〔approve〕To show, feel, or express approval:同意：表明、感觉或表达同意： |
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