| 单词 | 肮脏 |
| 释义 | 〔sordid〕Filthy or dirty; foul.肮脏的或污秽的；污浊发臭的〔crafty〕Skilled in or marked by underhandedness, deviousness, or deception.See Synonyms at sly 狡猾的：精通于或以阴险、肮脏或欺骗手段为特征的 参见 sly〔dirty〕 Squalid suggests dirtiness, wretchedness, and sordidness: Squalid 表示肮脏、鄙陋和污秽； 〔smut〕A particle of dirt.污点：肮脏的颗粒〔coaster〕"dirty British coaster with a salt-caked smokestack"(John Masefield)“肮脏的英国沿海航船，有盐饼状的大烟囱”(约翰·梅斯菲尔德)〔fleapit〕A cheap or squalid theater.跳蚤窝：低劣的或肮脏的剧院〔dinge〕Grime or squalor; dinginess.尘垢或肮脏；肮脏〔seedy〕Somewhat disreputable; squalid:粗鄙的；肮脏的：〔seamy〕"seamy tales of aberrant sexual practices, messy divorces, drug addiction, mental instability, and suicide attempts"(Barbara Goldsmith)“有关于异常的性行为、混乱的离婚、药物的沉溺、精神错乱和有自杀倾向的肮脏故事”(芭芭拉·哥尔德史密斯)〔weathered〕Worn, stained, or warped by or as if by exposure to weather; seasoned:受风雨侵蚀的，饱经风霜的：因或好似因风雨而变得破烂、肮脏或扭曲的；饱经风霜的：〔dumpy〕"The place had a dark and dumpy look"(Washington Post)“这地方看起来阴暗而肮脏”(华盛顿邮报)〔rot〕One could see the blackened areas where the branches had rotted off.人们可以在污秽肮脏的地区看见树枝因腐烂而脱落〔frowzy〕Unkempt; slovenly:不整洁的；肮脏的：〔grimy〕Covered or smudged with grime.See Synonyms at dirty 满是污垢的，肮脏的：被污垢覆盖的或弄脏的 参见 dirty〔dirt〕A squalid or filthy condition.肮脏：污秽或肮脏的状态〔hole〕An ugly, squalid, or depressing dwelling.蜗居：丑陋、肮脏或气氛压抑的居住地〔dirt〕variant of drit [excrement, filth, mud] drit的变体 [排泄物，肮脏，泥] 〔sloppy〕Of, resembling, or covered with slop; muddy or slushy:溅污的，泥泞的：属于烂泥的，象烂泥的或被烂泥所覆盖的；肮脏的或泥泞的：〔fringe〕"They like to hang out on the geographical fringes, the seedy outposts"(James Atlas)“他们喜欢去偏僻地区和肮脏的偏远村落”(詹姆斯·阿特拉斯)〔mess〕One that is in such a condition:混乱，肮脏：处于以上情况者：〔messy〕Disorderly and dirty:凌乱的及肮脏的：〔guck〕A thick, messy substance, such as sludge.粘糊糊的东西：粘稠肮脏的东西，如软泥〔slum〕To visit impoverished areas or squalid locales, especially out of curiosity or for amusement.（因好奇而）逛贫民区：拜访贫困的地区或肮脏的地方，尤指出于好奇或为了寻开心〔petunia〕"Tobacco is a dirty weed,” as the song goes (it also perversely admits "I like it, I like it"),but tobacco has some nice relatives in the nightshade family,such as the tomato, red pepper, and eggplant.One of its more beautiful relatives,the petunia, is actually named for tobacco.This curious story begins when the Portuguese in South America picked up their wordpetum, meaning "tobacco,”from a Tupi-Guarani word,such as Tupipetyn. From Portuguese the word made its way into French (pétun ), from which English borrowed the word (petun remains an archaic word for tobacco). The name of the genuspetunia was formed in New Latin (1789) from French pétun because of the close relationship of the petunia genus to tobacco. Englishpetunia, taken from Modern Latin, is first recorded around 1825. 如歌（它也荒谬地承认“我喜欢它，我喜欢它”） 中所唱“烟草是一种肮脏的杂草”，但烟草有一些漂亮的龙葵族的近亲，例如蕃茄、红椒和茄子。它更漂亮的族亲之一，矮牵牛实际上是以烟草命名的。这个奇妙的传说始于南美洲的葡萄牙人使用词汇petum 时， 意思是“烟草”，该词来源于一个图皮--瓜拉尼语词汇，如图皮语petyn。 这个词从葡萄牙语进入了法语（petun ）， 英语又借用了这个法语词(petun 保留了烟草的古代词汇）。 因为矮牵牛属植物同烟草有着相近的关系，种属名称petunia 以源于法语 pétun 的新拉丁语形成了(1789年）。 来自现代拉丁文的英语词petunia 首次记录大约出现在1825年 〔mean〕"It is through art . . . that we can shield ourselves from the sordid perils of actual existence" (Oscar Wilde).“是艺术…使我们能够避开现实世界卑鄙、肮脏的危险” （奥斯卡·王尔德）〔seedy〕a seedy hotel in a run-down neighborhood.破旧的街区里一个肮脏的旅店〔grunge〕One that is dirty, inferior, obnoxious, or boring.肮脏，低下，令人讨厌或无聊的人〔squalor〕A filthy and wretched condition or quality.肮脏：肮脏和破旧的状态或性质〔hog〕A self-indulgent, gluttonous, or filthy person.自私、贪吃或肮脏的人〔swear〕To use abusive, violent, or blasphemous language against; curse.咒骂，诅咒：以肮脏、激烈或亵渎的语言辱骂；诅咒〔gutter〕Befitting the lowest class of human life; vulgar, sordid, or unprincipled:最低阶层的，下流的：属于最低级的人类生活的；粗俗的、肮脏的或无耻的：〔unclean〕Foul or dirty.污浊的，肮脏的〔sleazy〕Shabby, dirty, and vulgar; tawdry:破旧的，肮脏的，庸俗的；俗丽的：〔cycle〕cycled the heavily soiled laundry twice; cycling the recruits through eight weeks of basic training.把那个肮脏无比的衣物洗两遍；通过八星期的基本训练使新手上岗〔ragamuffin〕Perhapsragamuffin should be seen as an example of melioration, or improvement in the sense of a word, since it can now be used rather affectionately of children who are normally far from dirty or unkempt.In any event,even its use for an unkempt child or man represents something of an improvementover one of its earliest uses.Ragamuffin was a name given to a demon in Piers Plowman, an allegorical poem of the 14th century. This name was once thought to be the source of our word,but researches at theMiddle English Dictionary have shown that the word was used as the last name of a woman, Isabella Ragamuffyn, earlier in the 14th century (1344), before the poem was composed.The word even then had the sense "ragged lout, tattered oaf,”though it was found only in names.The elementraga- is probably from the Middle English adjective raggi, "ragged,” also used of the devil in the sense "shaggy" and as a name.The element-muffin is probably from Middle Dutch moffel or muffe, "mitten.” 也许ragamuffin 这个词应该看作词义变良或改善的例子， 因为它现在可以用来充满感情地指那些按常规来说远非肮脏或不整洁的孩子。不论如何，即使它被用来指那些不整洁的孩子或大人的时候，其用法较最初也有了很大提高。Ragamuffin 是14世纪的一部寓言诗 犁者码头 中一个魔鬼的名字。 这个名字一度被认为是本词的来源，但对中世纪英语词典 的研究表明这个词曾在14世纪早期(1344年）用作一位妇女的姓，伊莎贝拉·拉格姆芬， 这早于那首诗创作之前。这个词甚至还曾有衣裳破烂的粗人、褴褛的呆子的意思，尽管此词仅见于姓名。构词成分raga- 可能源自中古英语的形容词 raggi “破烂的”， 也曾以“毛长而参差不齐”这个意思用于魔鬼和人名。构词成分-muffin 可能来自中世纪荷兰语中 moffel 或意为“连指手套”的 muffe 〔squalor〕from squālēre [to be filthy] * see squalid 源自 squālēre [肮脏] * 参见 squalid〔dingy〕Darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored.黑暗的：由于烟与灰尘而阴暗的；肮脏的或褪色的〔slattern〕An untidy, dirty woman.懒散的女人：不整洁的、肮脏的女人〔foul〕Full of dirt or mud; dirty.See Synonyms at dirty 肮脏的，泥泞的：充满泥土的；肮脏的 参见 dirty〔gamy〕Sordid; seamy.卑鄙的；肮脏的 |
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