| 单词 | 电脑 |
| 释义 | 〔contrast〕an essay that contrasts city and country life; contrasted this computer with inferior models.一篇比较城市和乡村生活的文章；将这部电脑与品质差的机型对比〔colorization〕A computer-assisted process by which color is imparted to previously black-and-white film. The original film is first transferred to videotape, to which numerically coded colors are assigned, frame by frame, area by area. A graphics computer then applies the assigned colors to the appropriate areas of the images on each frame within a scene. The process continues until the entire film has been tinted.色化处理：一个借助计算机对黑白电影胶片着色的过程。先将胶片分镜头分区转换成用数字编码色彩预设的录影带，然后用图形电脑将预设的色彩施于一个场景不同的镜头中，整个过程于每个胶片被着色完毕时终止〔log〕a computer log; a trip log.电脑日志；旅行日志〔cybernate〕To control (an industrial process) by computer.使电脑化：用电脑控制（工业过程）〔jockey〕a bus jockey; a computer jockey; a jet jockey.公共汽车司机；电脑操作员；喷气式飞机驾驶员〔shift〕To select uppercase characters by depressing a key on a typewriter or computer keyboard.字型转换：在打字机或电脑键盘上按一个键，使换成大写字母字型〔fair〕a computer fair; a job fair.电脑展销会；职业交流会〔business〕a business computer; a business suit.商业电脑；西装〔colorize〕To impart color to (black-and-white film) by means of a computer-assisted process:色化：借助电脑着色（于黑白胶片）过程：〔embargo〕an embargo on the sale of computers to unfriendly nations.对不友好国家的禁售电脑令〔enter〕We entered our names in the guest book; enters the data into the computer.我们在来客名薄上写下姓名；把数据输入电脑〔age〕the Stone Age; the computer age.石器时代；电脑时代〔kludge〕The wordkludge is not "etymologist-friendly,” having many possible origins,none of which can be definitively established.This term, found frequently in the jargon of the engineering and computer professions,denotes a usually workable but makeshift system, modification, solution, or repair.Kludge has had a relatively short life (first recorded in 1962 although it is said to have been used as early as 1944 or 1945) for a word with so many possible origins. The proposed sources of the word, Germanklug, kluge, "intelligent, clever,” or a blend ofklutz and nudge or klutz and refudge, do not contain all the necessary sounds to give us the word,correctly pronounced at least.The notions thatkludge may have been coined by a computer technician or that it might be the last name of a designer of graphics hardware seem belied by the possibility that it is older than such origins would allow.It seems most likely that the wordkludge originally was formed during the course of a specific situation in which such a device was called for.The makers of the word,if still alive,are no doubt unaware that etymologists need informationso they can stop trying to "kludge" an etymology together.单词kludge 不是“词源学家的朋友”， 有很多可能的来源，每一个都不能准确成立。这个词，经常在工程和电脑业的行话中找到，表示一个通常能工作但是临时凑合的系统、修改、解答或修理。作为一个有这么多可能的来源的词，kludge 却有一个相对小的年纪（1962年第一次有记载，尽管据说早到1944年或1945年就已经使用）。 该词被推荐的来源是德文klug, kluge “聪明的，灵巧的”， 或者klutz 和 nudge 的混合或 klutz 和 refudge 的混合， 没有包含能向我们给出这个词的所有必需的声音，至少是正确的发音。kludge 可能是由电脑技术人员杜撰的或者它可能是图形显示硬件的一名设计者的姓， 这些看法由于它比这些来源能允许的时间要早的可能性而被误解。看起来最可能的是单词kludge ， 最早是在需要这样的设备的特定环境中形成的。这一单词的制造者，如果还健在的话，毫无疑问意识不到词源学家需要此类信息，这样他们才能终止“临时搭配”成一个词源的努力〔decollate〕To separate the copies of (a multiple-copy computer printout, for example).分开，拆散：分开（多副本电脑打印输出的）副本〔graphic〕A graphic display generated by a computer or an imaging device.电脑绘图：电脑或图象设备生成的图形式样〔learn〕learns quickly; learned about computers; learned of the job through friends.学得很快；学习电脑；通过朋友了解那份工作〔computerize〕To enter, process, or store (information) in a computer or system of computers.See Usage Note at -ize 用电脑处理：在计算机或计算机系统中输入、处理或存储（信息） 参见 -ize〔compare〕Scientists sometimes compare the human brain to a computer. 科学家有时将人脑比作电脑。 〔early〕an early form of life; an early computer.早期的生活方式；早期的电脑〔utilize〕A number of critics have remarked thatutilize is an unnecessary substitute for use. It is true that many occurrences ofutilize could be replaced by use with no loss to anything but pretentiousness, for example, in sentences such asBarbara utilized (prefer used ) questionable methods in her analysis or We hope that many commuters will continue to utilize (prefer use ) mass transit after the bridge has reopened. Bututilize can mean "to find a profitable or practical use for.” Thus the sentenceThe teachers were unable to use the new computers might mean only that the teachers were unable to turn the computers on, whereasThe teachers were unable to utilize the new computers suggests that the teachers could not find ways to employ the computers in instruction. 一些批评家认为utilize 只是 use 的一个不必要的替换词。 在许多情况下utilize 可以被 use 替代，除了矫饰的风格被去掉之外意思上没有任何减损， 例如：Barbara utilized ( used 更可取） questionable methods in her analysis（芭芭拉在她的分析中用了一些有争议的方法） 或者 We hope that many commuters will continue to utilize ( use 更可取） mass transit after the bridge has reopened（我们希望许多乘公共汽车上下班者在桥重新开通之后仍旧使用公共交通）。 但是utilize 可指“为…找到一种有益的或实用的用途”。 因而下面这句话The teachers were unable to use the new computers（老师们不会使用新电脑） ，有可能指只有这些老师不会打开计算机， 而The teachers were unable to utilize the new computers（老师不会运用新计算机） 暗示了那些老师在指导时不知道如何利用电脑 〔Dvorak〕Of, relating to, or designating a configuration of typewriter or computer keyboard keys arranged to increase the speed and ease of typing, the home row of keys being for the characters A, O, E, U, I, D, H, T, N, and S.德佛札克：关于或指打字机或电脑键盘的结构的，其字母安排是为了增快打字速度并方便打字。其键盘的中间一行字母顺序为A、O、E、U、I、D、H、T、N和S〔hacker〕One who is proficient at using or programming a computer; a computer buff.电脑爱好者：能熟练地使用电脑或进行电脑编程的人；电脑爱好者 |
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