| 单词 | 电梯 |
| 释义 | 〔up〕an up elevator.向上运行的电梯〔actuate〕electrical relays that actuate the elevator's movements.使电梯运行的继电器〔penthouse〕The wordpenthouse and the structure it denotes have both come a long way. The word goes back to Latinappendere, "to cause to be suspended.”In Medieval Latinappendere developed the sense "to belong, depend,” a sense that passed intoapendre, the Old French development ofappendere. Fromapent, the past participle of apendre, came the derivative apentiz, "low building behind or beside a house,” and the Anglo-Norman plural form pentiz. The form without thea- was then borrowed into Middle English, giving uspentis (first recorded about 1300), which was applied to sheds or lean-tos added on to buildings.Because these structures often had sloping roofs,the word was connected with the French wordpente, "slope,” and the second part of the word changed tohouse, which could mean simply "a building for human use.”The use of the term with reference to fancy penthouse apartments developed from the application of the word to a structure built on the roof to cover such things as a stairway or an elevator shaft.Penthouse then came to mean an apartment built on a rooftop and finally the top floor of an apartment building.单词penthouse 及其所代表的结构都经过了长期的演变。 此词可追溯至拉丁语appendere ， 意为“使悬浮”。在中世纪拉丁语中，appendere 的意思演变为“附属，依靠”， 是词形变为apendre 的意义， 由古法语appendere 发展而来。 从apendre 的过去分词 apent 产生出意为“房屋旁边或后面低矮的建筑”的派生词 apentiz 及盎格鲁-诺尔曼复数形式 pentiz 。 没有a- 的形式被借用到中世纪英语， 变成pentis （首次记载于1300年）， 用作加在建筑上的小棚或单倾斜面的小屋。因为这些结构常有斜屋顶，因此该词与法语词pente “斜面”有关， 且此词的第二部分变成house ， 只简单地意为“住人的建筑”。该词与使人想象楼顶房屋有关的使用源自需要用一个词来表示建在屋顶上用来遮挡楼梯或电梯通道的建筑。Penthouse 于是逐渐意为建在屋顶上的房间， 最终意为一个公寓楼的顶层〔paternoster〕An elevator constructed of a series of doorless compartments hung on chains that move slowly and continuously, allowing passengers to step on and off at will.无门电梯：一种由一系列无门小室悬于链条上构成的电梯，缓慢而连续移动，乘客可自由进出〔Sprague〕American engineer and inventor. He developed the first electric trolley system (1887) and made advances in electric elevator design.斯普雷格，弗兰克·朱利安：(1857-1934) 美国工程师和发明家。他发展了第一部电力机车系统(1887年），并在电梯设计上作了改进〔Otis〕American inventor of the first passenger elevator (installed 1857).奥蒂斯，以利沙·格雷夫斯：(1811-1861) 美国发明家，第一座载人电梯（安装于1857年）的发明者〔service〕a service elevator; the service entrance.辅助电梯；辅助通道〔get〕got stuck in the elevator.被困在电梯里了〔dullsville〕"You're on the down escalator to doubt, dullsville, and despair"(James Wolcott)“你乘坐的是通向怀疑，厌倦与绝望的下行电梯”(詹姆斯·沃尔科特) |
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