| 单词 | 物理学 |
| 释义 | 〔quiz〕Although we do not know the origin of the wordquiz, just as we may not know the answers to all the questions on a quiz,we can say that its first recorded sense has to do with people,not tests.The term, first recorded in 1782,meant "an odd or eccentric person.”From the noun in this sense came a verbmeaning "to make sport or fun of" and "to regard mockingly.”In English dialects and probably in American Englishthe verbquiz acquired senses relating to interrogation and questioning. This presumably occurredbecausequiz was associated with question, inquisitive, or perhaps the English dialect verb quiset, "to question" (probably itself short for obsoleteinquisite, "to investigate"). From this new area of meaning came the noun and verb senses all too familiar to students.The second recorded instance of the noun sense occurs in the writings of no less an educator than William James,who in a December 26, 1867, letter proffers the hopethat "perhaps giving ‘quizzes’ in anatomy and physiology . . . may help along.”虽然我们不知道quiz 这个词的来源， 正象我们可能并不清楚测试中所有问题的答案一样，但我们可以肯定的是这个词最初被记录时的意义与人有关，而不是测试，这个词第一次被记录下来是在1782年，意思为“一个古怪或行为怪诞的人”。从这种意义的名词派生出一个动词，意思为“嘲笑或戏弄…”和“以嘲讽的态度对待”。在英语并且很可能是在美国英语中，quiz 这个动词形成了有关审问或提问的意思， 据猜测，这一现象的发生是因为quiz 使人联想起 question ， inquisitive 或者可能 quiset 这个英国方言中的动词， 意思为“提问”（很可能是inquisite 这个过时用语的缩写形式，意思为“调查”）。 从这个意思中派生出学生们再熟悉不 过的名词和动词意思。记录下这个名词意义的第二个例子恰好出现在教育家威廉·詹姆斯的笔下。在1867年12月26日写的一封信中，他提出一条希望：或许在解剖学和物理学方面进行测试…可能有些独特的帮助。”〔electrodynamics〕The physics of the relationship between electric current and magnetic or mechanical phenomena.电动力学：关于电流和磁铁或机械现象的关系的物理学〔Boltzmann〕Austrian physicist. Considered a founder of modern physics, he developed the kinetic theory of gases.玻尔兹曼，路德维希：(1844-1906) 奥地利物理学家。被认为是现代物理学的奠基人，他发展了气体力学理论〔optoelectronics〕The branch of physics that deals with the interconversion of electricity and light.光电子学：研究光电转换的物理学分支〔geophysics〕The physics of the earth and its environment, including the physics of fields such as meteorology, oceanography, and seismology.地球物理学：研究地球及其环境的物理学，包括的物理学领域有气象学、海洋学和地震学等〔biophysics〕The science that deals with the application of physics to biological processes and phenomena.生物物理学：有关应用物理学对生物过程和现象的学科〔physicist〕A scientist who specializes in physics.物理学家：专攻物理学的科学家〔metaphysics〕Greek (Ta) meta (ta) phusika [(the things) after the physics, the title of Aristotle's treatise on first principles (so called because it followed his work on physics)] 希腊语 (Ta) meta (ta) phusika [得名于物理现象，亚里士多德关于第一原则论文的题目（因其紧随他在物理学方面工作而得名）] 〔doctrine〕experimentation, one of the tenets of the physical sciences. 实验学或物理学原则 〔electromagnetism〕The physics of electricity and magnetism.电磁学：研究电和磁的物理学〔branch〕branch out from physics into related scientific fields.从物理学而引申到相关科学领域〔tunneling〕In quantum mechanics, the passing of a particle through a seemingly impenetrable barrier without a cause that is explainable by classical physics.隧道效应：量子力学中粒子穿过似乎无法穿透的屏障且用非量子物理学无法解释原因〔hydrostatics〕The branch of physics that deals with fluids at rest and under pressure.流体静力学：物理学的一个分支，研究静止压力下的液体〔Landau〕Soviet physicist. He won a 1962 Nobel Prize for his contributions to low-temperature physics.朗道，莱夫·达维多维奇：(1908-1968) 原苏联物理学家。因为他在低温物理学上的贡献，获得了1962年诺贝尔奖〔Bridgman〕American physicist. He won a 1946 Nobel Prize for work in the field of high-pressure physics.布里奇曼，珀西·威廉姆斯：(1882-1961) 美国物理学家。因在高压物理学领域的工作而获1946年诺贝尔奖〔chromodynamics〕The physics of the relationship between color-carrying quarks, especially the nature of their strong interaction, which is characterized by the exchange of gluons.色动力学：带色夸克之间联系的物理学，尤指其强烈相互作用的本质，是以胶子的交换为特征的〔monumental〕Einstein's monumental contributions to physics.爱因斯坦对物理学的巨大贡献〔aeronomy〕The study of the upper atmosphere, especially of regions of ionized gas.高层大气物理学：对有关高层大气，特别是离子化大气层的研究〔physics〕(used with a sing. verb)Abbr. phys.The science of matter and energy and of interactions between the two, grouped in traditional fields such as acoustics, optics, mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism, as well as in modern extensions including atomic and nuclear physics, cryogenics, solid-state physics, particle physics, and plasma physics.（与单数动词连用）缩写 phys.物理，物理学：有关物质和能量及两者之间相互作用的科学，传统上分为声学、光学、机械学、热力学和电磁学，现今又扩展到包括原子物理、核物理、低温学、固体物理学、微粒物理学和等离子体物理学〔diction〕the abstruse phraseology of physics;物理学深奥的措词；〔optics〕The branch of physics that deals with light and vision, chiefly the generation, propagation, and detection of electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths greater than x-rays and shorter than microwaves.光学：物理学中，研究光和视觉的一门学科，主要是研究波长在X-射线和微波之间的电磁辐射的产生、传播和识别〔microphysics〕The physics of molecular, atomic, nuclear, and subnuclear systems.微观物理学，粒子物理学：研究分子、原子，核和亚核系统的物理学〔Kapitsa〕Russian physicist. He shared a 1978 Nobel Prize for his inventions and discoveries concerning low-temperature physics.卡皮查，皮奥奇·列昂尼多维奇：(1894-1984) 苏联物理学家。因其发明和发现与低温物理学有关而获得1978年度的诺贝尔奖〔psychophysics〕The branch of psychology that deals with the relationships between physical stimuli and sensory response.精神物理学：心理学的一支，研究物理刺激和感官反应之间的关系〔hard〕Physics was the hardest of my courses. Thermodynamics is a hard course to teach.物理学是我所学课程中最难理解的一门；热力学是非常难教的一门课〔mechanics〕(used with a sing. verb)The branch of physics that is concerned with the analysis of the action of forces on matter or material systems.（与单数动词连用）力学：物理学的一个分支，研究分析力对事物或物质系统的作用〔magnetooptics〕The branch of physics that deals with phenomena associated with magnetic effects on matter as it emits light. It has been used to develop a data-storage technique in computer applications.磁光学：物理学的分支，处理与物体发光时对物体产生磁力效应有关的现象。在计算机应用中被用于开发数据储存技术〔hold〕has a good hold on physics.对物理学掌握得很好〔macrophysics〕The branch of physics that deals with objects and phenomena large enough to be measured and observed.宏观物理学：以能够测量和观察到的物体和现象为研究对象的一个物理学分支〔thermodynamics〕(used with a sing. verb)Physics that deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy.（与单数动词连用）热力学：研究热与其它形式能量关系的物理学〔Faraday〕British physicist and chemist who discovered electromagnetic induction (1831) and proposed the field theory later developed by Maxwell and Einstein.法拉第，迈克尔：(1791-1867) 英国物理学、化学家，发现电磁感应（1831年）并提出相应理论，后被马克思沃尔和爱因斯坦进一步发展〔electrostatics〕The physics of electrostatic phenomena.静电学：研究静电现象的物理学〔thermionics〕The physics of thermionic phenomena.热离子学：关于热离子现象的物理学 |
| 随便看 |
|
学习网英语词汇栏目收词371507余条，连同派生词、复合词、词组和习语等。每个词条提供了音标、词性、释义、用法、搭配和同（近）义词等多项功能，对所收词汇进行全方位的解释和说明，内容丰富，功能全面。