| 单词 | 物品 |
| 释义 | 〔tonic〕An invigorating, refreshing, or restorative agent or influence.增强物：增加活力、精神或帮助恢复的物品或影响〔kimono〕mono [object] mono [物品] 〔porcelain〕An object made of this substance.瓷器：用瓷制成的物品〔Hopi〕A Pueblo people occupying a number of mesa-top pueblos on reservation land in northeast Arizona. The Hopi are noted for their sophisticated dry-farming techniques, a rich ceremonial life, and fine craftsmanship in basketry, pottery, silverwork, and weaving.霍皮：占有亚利桑那州东北部居留地的若干平顶梯形城堡式构造的普韦布洛人。霍皮人因他们精湛的旱作技术，多姿多彩的仪式生活，以及在物品编织，制陶，银器和纺织等方面的精美工艺而闻名〔mending〕Clothes and other articles that must be repaired:修理的东西：需修补的衣服和其他物品：〔analogue〕Something that bears an analogy to something else:相似物，类似情况：与其他事物有相似之处的物品：〔pant〕It would seem unlikely that the name of a 4th-century Roman Catholic saint should be the ultimate source of a word for a modern article of clothing commonly worn by both men and women.Pants, however, can be traced back to Pantaleon, the patron saint of Venice. He became so closely associated with the inhabitants of that citythat the Venetians became popularly known asPantaloni. Consequently, among the commedia dell'arte's stock characters the representative Venetian (a stereotypically wealthy but miserly merchant) was calledPantalone. His name in French,Pantalon, was borrowed into English (first recorded around 1590). During the middle of the 17th centurythe French came to identify him with one particular style of trousers,and this same style became known aspantaloons in English. Pantaloons was later applied to another style of trousers that came into fashion toward the end of the 18th century, tight-fitting garments that had begun to replace knee breeches.After thatpantaloons was used to refer to trousers in general. The last step in the development of the wordpants met with some resistance. This abbreviation ofpantaloon was considered vulgar and, as Oliver Wendell Holmes put it,"a word not made for gentlemen, but ‘gents.’”First found in the writings of Edgar Allan Poe in 1840,pants has replaced the "gentleman's word" in English and has lost all obvious connection to Saint Pantaleon.看起来一位公元4世纪的罗马天主教徒的名字似乎不可能是这个做为男人和女人平常都穿的布做的现代物品的根本词源。Pants 但可以追溯到奥塔莱昂，威尼斯的庇护神。 他变得与这座城市里的居民联系得这样紧密，以至于威尼斯人也通俗的被称为Pantaloni 。 结果，在即兴喜剧的角色中那个有代表性的威尼斯人（一个愚富而吝啬的商人）被称作Pantalone。 他的法语名字Panlalon 被借用到英语中（初次记录大约在1590年）。 在17世纪中期，法国人开始把它与一种特殊类型的裤子等同起来，同一种类型的裤子在英语中是pantaloons 。 Pantaloons 后来被用作另一种类型的裤子并在18世纪末日渐流行， 紧身衣服已经开始取代齐膝马裤。在那以后，pantaloons 被用来泛指裤子。 在pants 一词发展的最后遇到了一些阻力。 Pantaloon 的缩写被认为是粗俗的， 并且正如奥立弗·温德尔·霍姆斯所说，“并不是为绅士而造的词，而是为‘家伙们所造’”。最早在1840年发现于艾德加·爱伦·坡的作品中，pants 在英语中已经替代了那个“绅士的语言”， 而且显然已失去了和圣奥塔莱昂的一切联系〔quillwork〕Decorative articles made with overlaid porcupine quills by Native Americans.豪猪刺装饰：印第安人用豪猪刺多层覆盖而制造出的装饰性物品〔refill〕A product packaged to replace the used contents of a container.替换物：用以替换一容器中已用完物品的包装好的产品〔nonfood〕Of, relating to, or being something that is not food but is sold in a supermarket, as housewares, stationery, and school supplies.非食物：属于、关于或是不是食物但在超级市场出售的物品的，如日用器皿、文具或学校用品〔trade〕To trade something in for something else of greater value or price:以（旧货）换购更高价值的物品：卖掉某物以购入高价值或高价格的其它东西：〔buckshee〕Something extra or left over that is obtained free.额外获得的免费物品：免费获得的额外的或剩余的物品〔adamant〕from Latin adamās adamant- [hard steel, diamond, anything inflexible] 源自 拉丁语 adamās adamant- [硬钢，金刚石，任何坚硬的物品] 〔dumbwaiter〕A small elevator used to convey food or other goods from one floor of a building to another.升降机：楼层间运送食品或其它物品的小型升降机〔chinoiserie〕An object reflecting Chinese artistic influence.中国式装饰风格的物品：一件表现出中国艺术影响的物品〔estimate〕To calculate approximately (the amount, extent, magnitude, position, or value of something).推测，估计：恰当地推测（物品的数量、程度、规模，状况或价值）〔furniture〕The movable articles in a room or an establishment that make it fit for living or working.家具：房间或机构内为起居或工作方便而配备的可移动物品〔fluff〕Something having a very light, soft, or frothy consistency or appearance:似绒毛的东西：具有很轻、软或多泡的属性或外观的物品：〔museum〕A building, place, or institution devoted to the acquisition, conservation, study, exhibition, and educational interpretation of objects having scientific, historical, or artistic value.博物馆：用来获得、保存、研究、展出并对那些有科学性、历史性或者艺术价值的物品进行教育性解释的建筑物、地点或者社会公共机构的建筑物〔whatnot〕Any of various additional or unspecified things or items:难描写的物或人：一种附加的或不可名状的物品或项目之一：〔adjunct〕Something attached to another in a dependent or subordinate position.See Synonyms at appendage 附属物，辅助物：附加于他物的处于附属或从属地位的物品 参见 appendage〔mark〕An inscription, name, stamp, label, or seal placed on an article to signify ownership, quality, manufacture, or origin.标签：物品上的印记、名称、邮戳或封印，表明所有者、质量、制造者或其来源〔over〕Let's get the shopping over with. Are we over with all this shopping?让我们购完物品。我们购到需要的物品了吗?〔cut〕One of the objects used in drawing lots.阄：抓阄时用的物品之一〔outage〕A quantity or portion of something lacking after delivery or storage.减耗量：物品的储运损耗部分或损耗量〔hype〕Exaggerated or extravagant claims made especially in advertising or promotional material:广告，夸大的诉求：夸张或过分的宣称，尤其用在做广告或促销物品：〔seersucker〕Through its name, seersucker, a lightweight fabric for summer suits and dresses, gives us a glimpse at the history of India.The facts of the word's history are that it came into English from the East Indian language Hindi (śīrśakar ). The word in Hindi was borrowed from the Persian compoundshīroshakar, meaning literally "milk and sugar"but used in a figurative way for a striped linen garment.The Persian wordshakar, "sugar,” in turn came from Sanskrit śarkarā. Persian, Indian, English—clearly we are dealing with multiple cultural borrowing here,and the Persians did indeed borrow sugar and the word for sugar from India in the 6th century.During and after Tamerlane's invasion of India in the late 14th century,the opportunity for borrowing Persian things and words such asshīr-o-shakar was present, since the Mongol Turk Tamerlane incorporated Persia as well as India into his empire.It then remained for the English during the 18th century, when the East India Company and England were moving toward supremacy in India, to borrow the material and its nameseersucker (first recorded in 1722 in the form Sea Sucker ) from an Indian language. 适合制作夏季服装的一种很轻的面料，通过它的名字——泡泡纱让我们对印度历史有所了解。关于这个单词的历史事实是这个词从东印度语言——印地语(sirsakar )进入英语。 在印地语中，这个词来源于波斯语复合词shiroshakar ， 其字面意思是“牛奶和糖”，但用其比喻意来指一种有条纹的亚麻长袍。波斯语shakar 意思是“糖”，来自于梵文 sarkara 。 波斯语，印度语，英语——显而易见，这里我们要研究的是多元文化的借用，而事实上波斯人确实于公元6世纪从印度输入了糖和表示糖的单词。在14世纪后期泰摩兰入侵印度期间和之后，就有了借用波斯物品及单词，如shir-o-shakar 的机会， 因为突厥化了的蒙古人泰摩兰不但把波斯还把印度并入了自己的王国。在18世纪，当东印度公司和英国印度取得至高权威后，才从一种印度语言中输入了seersucker 的材料及名称（最初的记载形式是 Sea sucker ，出现于1722年） 〔raveling〕A thread or fiber that has become separated from a woven material.散纱：从一件织好的物品分下来的线或纱〔woodwork〕Objects made of or work done in wood, especially wooden interior fittings in a house, as moldings, doors, staircases, or windowsills.木制器：用木头制成的物品或用木器做的工作，尤指房屋内木制的内部装置，像线脚、门、楼梯或窗台〔tracer〕An investigation or inquiry organized to trace missing goods or persons.追踪调查：为查找失踪物品或人员而组织的调查或询问〔elastic〕An object made of this fabric.弹性织品：由这种织物制成的物品〔safe〕A repository for protecting stored items, especially a cooled compartment for perishable foods:冷藏箱：保护储藏的物品的存放处，尤指保存易腐烂食品的冷的分隔间：〔scrapheap〕A place for discarding useless or worthless material.垃圾场：丢弃无用的或者无价值物品的地方〔drop〕The act of depositing such communications or materials.藏匿：放置情报或物品的行动〔worm〕Something, such as the thread of a screw or the spiral condenser in a still, that resembles a worm in form or appearance.有螺纹状的物品：某物，如螺旋线或蒸馏器的螺旋冷凝器，在构成或外表上像蠕虫〔mat〕A small, flat piece of decorated material placed under a lamp, dish of food, or other object.灯垫，杯垫，垫子：铺于台灯、菜盘或其他物品下面的带有装饰图案的材料〔storm〕A heavy shower of objects, such as bullets or missiles.枪林弹雨：某些物品密集的降落，例如子弹或导弹〔bazaar〕A shop or a part of a store in which miscellaneous articles are sold.百货商店：一个出售各种各样物品的商店或商店的一部分〔belt〕A continuous band or chain for transferring motion or power or conveying materials from one wheel or shaft to another.传送带：连续的带或链，用以把运动，动力或物品从一个轮子或轴传导或传送到另一个〔nondurable〕nondurable items such as paper products.如纸制品，不耐用物品 |
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