| 单词 | 温德尔 |
| 释义 | 〔Holmes〕American physician and writer. A professor of anatomy and physiology at Harvard (1847-1882), he wrote humorous conversational pieces, includingThe Autocrat of the Breakfast Table (1858). 霍姆斯，奥利弗·温德尔：(1809-1894) 美国医生和作家，哈佛的解剖学及生理学教授(1847-1882年），他写过一些幽默的会谈式文章，其中有《早餐桌上的独裁者》 （1858年） 〔Willkie〕American politician who was the Republican nominee for President in 1940.威尔基，温德尔·刘易斯：(1892-1944) 美国政治家。1940年共和党总统候选人〔behavior〕"Life, not the parson, teaches conduct" (Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.).“是生活而不是牧师，告诉人们该如何行动” （小奥立弗·温德尔·霍姆斯）。〔pleasure〕"The rule of joy and the law of duty seem to me all one" (Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.).“快乐的标准与义务的法则对我来说是同一件事” （小奥利弗·温德尔·霍姆斯）〔pant〕It would seem unlikely that the name of a 4th-century Roman Catholic saint should be the ultimate source of a word for a modern article of clothing commonly worn by both men and women.Pants, however, can be traced back to Pantaleon, the patron saint of Venice. He became so closely associated with the inhabitants of that citythat the Venetians became popularly known asPantaloni. Consequently, among the commedia dell'arte's stock characters the representative Venetian (a stereotypically wealthy but miserly merchant) was calledPantalone. His name in French,Pantalon, was borrowed into English (first recorded around 1590). During the middle of the 17th centurythe French came to identify him with one particular style of trousers,and this same style became known aspantaloons in English. Pantaloons was later applied to another style of trousers that came into fashion toward the end of the 18th century, tight-fitting garments that had begun to replace knee breeches.After thatpantaloons was used to refer to trousers in general. The last step in the development of the wordpants met with some resistance. This abbreviation ofpantaloon was considered vulgar and, as Oliver Wendell Holmes put it,"a word not made for gentlemen, but ‘gents.’”First found in the writings of Edgar Allan Poe in 1840,pants has replaced the "gentleman's word" in English and has lost all obvious connection to Saint Pantaleon.看起来一位公元4世纪的罗马天主教徒的名字似乎不可能是这个做为男人和女人平常都穿的布做的现代物品的根本词源。Pants 但可以追溯到奥塔莱昂，威尼斯的庇护神。 他变得与这座城市里的居民联系得这样紧密，以至于威尼斯人也通俗的被称为Pantaloni 。 结果，在即兴喜剧的角色中那个有代表性的威尼斯人（一个愚富而吝啬的商人）被称作Pantalone。 他的法语名字Panlalon 被借用到英语中（初次记录大约在1590年）。 在17世纪中期，法国人开始把它与一种特殊类型的裤子等同起来，同一种类型的裤子在英语中是pantaloons 。 Pantaloons 后来被用作另一种类型的裤子并在18世纪末日渐流行， 紧身衣服已经开始取代齐膝马裤。在那以后，pantaloons 被用来泛指裤子。 在pants 一词发展的最后遇到了一些阻力。 Pantaloon 的缩写被认为是粗俗的， 并且正如奥立弗·温德尔·霍姆斯所说，“并不是为绅士而造的词，而是为‘家伙们所造’”。最早在1840年发现于艾德加·爱伦·坡的作品中，pants 在英语中已经替代了那个“绅士的语言”， 而且显然已失去了和圣奥塔莱昂的一切联系〔Holmes〕American jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1902-1932). Many of his opinions greatly influenced the American concept of law.霍姆斯，小奥利弗·温德尔：(1841-1935) 美国法官，曾任美国高级法院法官（1902-1932年），他的许多观点影响了美国法的概念〔certainty〕"Certitude is not the test of certainty" (Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.). “确信并非确定的验证” （小奥利佛·温德尔·霍姆斯）。〔Phillips〕American abolitionist who served as president of the American Antislavery Society from 1865 to 1870.菲利普斯，温德尔：(1811-1884) 美国废奴论者，从1865年到1870年，曾担任美国反对奴隶制社会的领袖〔Stanley〕American biochemist. He shared a 1946 Nobel Prize for discovering methods of producing pure enzymes and virus proteins.斯坦利，温德尔·梅雷迪斯：(1904-1971) 美国生化学家，因发现并制得纯酶和病毒蛋白质的方法，获得1946年诺贝尔奖〔passion〕"In our youth our hearts were touched with fire" (Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.).“当我们年青时，心中充满激情” （奥利弗·温德尔·霍姆斯·JR)。〔attribute〕"Some excellent remarks were made on immortality, but mainly borrowed from and credited to Plato" (Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.). “一些优秀的言论是不朽的，但主要从柏拉图处借用并归功于他” （奥立佛·温德尔·霍姆斯爵士）。 |
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