| 单词 | 清教徒 |
| 释义 | 〔Davenport〕English Puritan who fled to America in 1637 and helped found a colony at New Haven, Connecticut.达文波特，约翰：(1597-1670) 英国清教徒，1637年逃往美国，而且帮助建立了在康涅狄格洲的纽黑文殖民地〔puritanical〕Puritanical Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Puritans. Puritanical 属于、有关或具有清教徒特点的〔bluenose〕"Bluenoses demand restraint against the porn and violence that are the staple of popular culture"(Charles Krauthammer)“清教徒要求限制占据大众文化主要内容的色情和暴力”(查尔斯·克劳萨默)〔blue〕Puritanical; strict.清教徒的；戒律很严的〔Puritan〕A member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries advocated strict religious discipline along with simplification of the ceremonies and creeds of the Church of England.清教徒：兴起于16和17世纪的英国新教徒一派的成员，主张严格的宗教原则和英国教堂的仪式及教义的从简〔Puritan〕Of or relating to the Puritans or Puritanism.属于或有关清教徒或清教主义的〔Baxter〕English noncomformist clergyman and writer who served as chaplin for Cromwell's army (1645-1647) and after the Restoration in the service of Charles II (1660-1662).巴克斯特，理查德：(1615-1691) 英国基督教清教徒牧师、作家，他在1645年到1647年间任克伦威尔的随军牧师，在理查二世王政复辟后，于1660年到1662年期间为皇室服务〔Provincetown〕A town of southeast Massachusetts on the tip of Cape Cod. Pilgrims first landed on the site in 1620 before sailing on to Plymouth. The town is a popular resort famed for the Provincetown Players (1915-1929), a theater group that presented many new works by Eugene O'Neill. Population, 3,374.普罗文斯镇：美国马萨诸塞州东南部的一个小镇，在科德角前端。1620年清教徒移民在驶往普利茅斯以前首先在这个地方登陆。该镇是一个知名的度假地，以普罗文斯的剧团而闻名(1915-1929年），这个剧组上演了尤金·奥尼尔的许多新作品。人口3,374〔austere〕the austere figure of a Puritan minister.清教徒牧师严厉的外表〔Puritanism〕The practices and doctrines of the Puritans.清教徒的习俗和教义〔powwow〕Because trances were so important to the Native American shaman as a means of getting in touch with spiritual forces beyond the ken of the normal person,the titlepowwaw, literally meaning "one who has visions,” was accorded him. One of the occurrences of this word in an early piece of propaganda designed to bring more settlers to New Englandrepresents fairly well the Puritan attitudes to the religion of the native inhabitants of the New World:"The office and dutie of the Powah is to be exercised principally in calling upon the Devil;and curing diseases of the sicke or wounded.”The word whose spelling was eventually settled in English aspowwow was also used as the name for ceremonies and councils, probably because of the important role played by the shaman in both.After the native peoples had been dealt withand the fear of devil worship was somewhat diminished,the newcomers decided that they could have powwows too,the first reference to one of these being recorded in the Salem, Massachusetts,Gazette of 1812: "The Warriors of the Democratic Tribe will hold a powwow at Agawam on Tuesday next.”The verbpowwow, "to confer,” was recorded even earlier, in 1780. 因为作为一种超出常人理解范围的与神灵联系的方式，催眠对于北美印第安人巫师来说是如此重要，故巫师被冠以字面意思为“有洞察力的人”的powwaw 这一名称。 这个词在早期为鼓励更多人去新英格兰定居而作的宣传中的出现，它很好地证明了清教徒们对于美洲大陆土著居民宗教的态度：“帕瓦仪式的职责与义务主要就是用来召唤魔鬼；治愈病人或伤者。”这个在英语中最后以powwow 的拼写形式固定下来的词也用作仪式及会议的名称， 这也许是因为巫师在两者中都起着重要作用。在与土著居民进行接触以后，随着对其魔鬼崇拜的恐惧逐渐消逝，那些新来者决定他们也可以举行帕瓦仪式，1812年马萨诸塞州塞勒姆的时事报 第一次提及了这种会议： “下星期二民主党派的斗士们将在阿加瓦姆召开会议”。动词意为“商讨”的powwow 则早在1780年就有记载了 〔pilgrim〕Pilgrim One of the English Separatists who founded the colony of Plymouth in New England in 1620. Pilgrim 清教徒前辈移民：1620年，在新英格兰建立普利茅斯殖民地的英国主张脱离国教者〔Newark〕A city of northeast New Jersey onNewark Bay, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, opposite Jersey City and west of New York City. It was settled by Puritans in 1666 and is today a heavily industrialized port of entry. Population, 275,221. 纽华克：美国新泽西东北的城市，位于纽华克海湾 ，一个伸入大西洋的小海湾，在纽约城西部与泽西城相对。1666年由清教徒建立，现今发展成重工业进口海港。人口275,221 〔Samoset〕Native American leader and friend of the early colonists. He was the first to sell land to the Pilgrims (1625).萨摩赛特：北美土著领导人，早期殖民者的朋友，他最早把土地卖给清教徒(1625年）〔Stickley〕American furniture designer. A leader of the Arts and Crafts Movement, he is credited with creating the Mission furniture style.斯帝克利，古斯塔夫：美国家具设计师。艺美术运动的领导者，以其创造的清教徒家具风格享有盛誉〔Taylor〕English-born American Puritan cleric and poet. Although his works were unpublished until 1939, he is now recognized as one of colonial America's finest poets. His poems include "God's Determinations Touching His Elect" (c. 1685).泰勒，爱德华：(1645?-1729) 英裔美国清教徒牧师和诗人。尽管他的作品直到1939年才出版，现在他还是被认为是殖民地美国的最优秀诗人。他的诗包括《上帝的决心感化了他的选民》（作于1685年）〔wowser〕A person regarded as obnoxiously puritanical.清教徒的禁欲主义，严肃拘谨的人：被认为令人反感的清教徒式的人〔Standish〕English colonist in America. Hired by the English Pilgrims to accompany them on their voyage to the New World (1620), he emerged as a military and political leader in the difficult early years of the colony.斯坦迪什，迈尔斯：(1584?-1656) 美洲的英国殖民者，1620年被英国清教徒雇用陪同其启程到新大陆，他在殖民地早期的艰苦年月里担任军政长官〔Massachusetts〕A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. The first settlement was made by the Pilgrims of theMayflower in 1620. Governed by the Massachusetts Bay Company from 1629 until 1684, the colony was a leader in the move for independence from Great Britain and the site of the first battles of the Revolutionary War in 1775. Boston is the capital and the largest city. Population, 6,029,051. 马萨诸塞：美国东北部的州。1788年被承认为最早的十三个殖民地之一。五月花 号上的清教徒于1620年最早定居此地。1629年到1684年，该殖民地由马萨诸塞湾公司统治，并率领了殖民地从大不列颠独立的运动，马萨诸塞也是1775年进行的美国独立革命早期几次战役的发生地。波士顿为州府和最大城市。人口6,029,051 〔livelihood〕"They[the Pilgrims] fell upon an ungenial climate . . . that called out [their] best energies . . . to get a mere subsistence out of the soil" (Ulysses S. Grant).“他们［清教徒们］ 正赶上恶劣的天气…迫使 ［他们］ 使出所有力气……才能从土地上得到刚够维持生计的那点收成。” （尤利西斯S·格兰特）。〔dour〕the proverbially dour New England Puritan.See Synonyms at glum 一个抑郁的新英格兰清教徒 参见 glum〔Brewster〕English Pilgrim colonist who sailed to America on theMayflower (1620) and was the religious leader of Plymouth Colony. 布鲁斯特，威廉：(1567-1644) 英国清教徒殖民主义者，乘五月花号 航行至美洲（1620年），是普利茅斯殖民地的宗教领袖 〔Plymouth〕A town of southeast Massachusetts onPlymouth Bay, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Boston. Founded in 1620 by Pilgrims, who supposedly set foot on Plymouth Rock when disembarking from the Mayflower, it was the center of Plymouth Colony. The colony was governed under precepts laid down in the Mayflower Compact until 1691, when it was absorbed by the royal colony of Massachusetts. Population, 45,608. 普利茅斯：美国马萨诸塞州东南一城镇，位于普利茅斯湾 沿岸，该湾位于波士顿的东南，是大西洋的一个小海湾。该镇由清教徒于1620年建立，这批清教徒被认为是在 普利茅斯海岸巨砾 登陆，从 五月花号 离船登陆。它曾是 普利茅斯殖民地 的中心。直到1691年，该殖民地都一直是按五月花协议上规定的条款业统治的，后被并入马萨诸塞的皇家殖民地。人口45,608 〔Bradford〕English Puritan colonist in America. A signer of the Mayflower Compact and a settler of Plymouth Plantation, he was elected governor for 30 one-year terms and led the colony through its difficult early years.布拉德福，威廉：(1590-1657) 美洲的英国清教徒殖民者。五月花密约的签署人和普利茅斯种植园的开拓者，被推选为30个一年任期的总督之一，领导殖民地度过了艰难的早期岁月〔Morton〕English-born American colonist who was twice deported to England (1628 and 1630) by Puritans who disapproved of his business practices and frolicsome ways.莫顿，托马斯：(卒于 1647) 英国裔美国殖民者，曾两次被反对他商业规则和玩乐的生活方式的清教徒驱逐到英国（1628和1630年）〔Roundhead〕[From the close-cropped hair of the Puritans] [源于清教徒的平顶短发] 〔Butler〕English poet remembered primarily for his three-part workHudibras (1663-1678), a venomous mock-heroic satire on the Puritans. 巴特勒，塞缪尔：(1612-1680) 英国诗人，以他的三部曲作品《休迪布拉斯》 （1663-1678年）而闻名于世，这是一部对清教徒恶毒的假装英雄的讽刺作品 〔Puritan〕puritan Characteristic of a puritan; puritanical. puritan 具有清教徒特点的；清教徒似的〔Albigenses〕The members of a Catharist religious sect of southern France in the 12th and 13th centuries, exterminated for heresy during the Inquisition.清洁教教徒，阿尔比派：12世纪和13世纪法国南部的清教徒教派成员，在中世纪宗教法庭活动期间作为异教派而遭到根除〔Alden〕Pilgrim colonist and political figure whose courtship of Priscilla Mullins (born c. 1602) is the subject of a popular legend.奥尔登，约翰：(1599?-1687) 清教徒殖民者和政治家，其追求普丽西拉·马林斯（生于1602年）的罗曼史已成为民间传说的主题〔Santayana〕Spanish-born American philosopher and writer primarily known for his theories of aesthetics, morality, and the spiritual life. In addition to his philosophical works, such as the four-volumeRealms of Being (1927-1940), he wrote poetry and a novel, The Last Puritan (1935). 桑塔亚那，乔治：(1863-1952) 西班牙裔美国哲学家和作家，主要以其关于美学、道德、精神生活的理论著作出名。除他的哲学著作以外，如四卷的《存在的王国》 （1927-1940年），他还写诗和小说，如 《最后一个清教徒》 （1935年） |
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