| 单词 | 此项 |
| 释义 | 〔mill〕It took three years to get the bill through the legislative mill.此项法案经过了三年冗长的立法过程〔Butenandt〕German chemist. He shared a 1939 Nobel Prize for his work on sexual hormones but declined the honor following a Nazi edict prohibiting acceptance.布特南特，阿道夫·弗雷德里希：(生于 1903) 德国化学家。因对性激素的研究成果而获1939年诺贝尔奖，但遵从纳粹独裁的禁令他拒绝接受此项荣誉〔engage〕a hobby that engaged her for hours at a time.此项嗜好使她一次要花去数小时〔feuilleton〕An article appearing in such a section.小品文：刊印于此项专栏中的作品〔mothball〕decided to put the plan into mothballs.决定先把此项计划搁置〔boycott〕Charles C. Boycott seems to have been forced by his strong sense of duty into becoming a household word.Boycott was the estate agent of the Earl of Erne in County Mayo, Ireland.The earl was one of the absentee landowners who as a group held most of the land in Ireland.Boycott was chosen in the fall of 1880 to be the test case for a new policy advocated by Charles Parnell, an Irish politician who wanted land reform.Any landlord who would not charge lower rents or any tenant who took over the farm of an evicted tenant would be given the complete cold shoulder by Parnell's supporters.Boycott, a former British soldier, refused to charge lower rents and ejected his tenants.At this point members of Parnell's Irish Land League stepped in,and Boycott and his family found themselves isolated—without servants, farmhands, service in stores, or mail delivery.Boycott's name was quickly adopted as the term for this treatment,not just in English but in other languages such as French, Dutch, German, and Russian.查理斯·C·博伊考特看来是因为其强烈的责任感而成为一个家喻户晓的词。博伊考特是爱尔兰麦奥县俄内伯爵的房地产经纪人。俄内是占有爱尔兰大部分土地的不在地主集团中的一员。博伊考特于1880年秋季被选为一项新政策的试点，此项政策是由一个企图进行土地改革的爱尔兰政治家──查理斯·帕内尔提出的。那些不愿降低地租的地主或接管被驱逐佃户土地的佃农都被帕内尔的支持者疏远。作为原英军士兵的博伊考特，拒绝收取低地租并且驱逐佃户。此时帕内尔爱尔兰土地联盟成员插手了，博伊考特及其家人发现他们被孤立了──没有仆人，农业工人，得不到商店服务，也没有人送信。博伊考特的名字很快就被用作这种对待方法的专有名词，不仅用于在英语中，而且也用于如法语、荷兰语、德语和俄语的其他语言中〔ombudsman〕The wordombudsman looks as if its constituents would be familiar, judging from the element man, but it is difficult to think of whatombuds could mean. Ombudsman is from Swedish, a Germanic language in the same family as English, andman in Swedish corresponds to our word man. Ombud means "commissioner, agent,” coming from Old Norseumbodh, "charge, commission, administration by a delegacy,” umbodh being made up of um, "regarding,” and bodh, "command.” In Old Norse anumbodhsmadhr was a "trusty manager, commissary.” In Swedishanombudsman was a deputy who looked after the interests and legal affairs of a group such as a trade union or business. In 1809 the office ofriksdagens justitieombudsman was created to act as an agent of justice, that is, to see after the interests of justice in affairs between the government and its citizens.This office of ombudsman and the wordombudsman have been adopted elsewhere, as in individual states in the United States.The term has also been expanded in senseto include people who perform the same function for business corporations or newspapers.从ombudsman 这个词的 man 这一组成部分看，它的构成似乎很眼熟， 但接下去就很难令人想起ombuds 到底是什么意思了。 Ombudsman 这个词源于和英语同属于日耳曼语族的瑞典语， 而man 这个词在瑞典语中的意思恰好和英语中的 man相对应。 Ombud 的意思是“调查团成员，代表”， 源于古斯堪的纳维亚语umbodh， 意为“由代表团负责，调查，管理”， umbodh 是由 um， 即“注视”和 bodh “命令、管理”两部分所构成。 在古斯堪的纳维亚语中，umbodhsmadhr 指一个“值得信任的管理者或代表”。 在瑞典语中，ombudsman 曾指一个管理一个群体如工会、商行的利益和法律事务的人。 1809年成立了司法巡查局 ，它是一司法机构， 即专门管理调查政府和公民之间事务的司法权益。巡检局和ombudsman 这个词也被其它地区采用， 如美国一些个别的州。现在这个名词术语的使用范围比以前更广，还包括在商务或报纸新闻业负有此项职能的人 |
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