| 单词 | 核苷酸 |
| 释义 | 〔polyribonucleotide〕A polynucleotide consisting of a number of ribonucleotides.多聚核糖核苷酸：一种含许多核糖核苷的多聚核苷酸〔ATP〕An adenosine-derived nucleotide, C10H 16N 5O 13P 3, that supplies large amounts of energy to cells for various biochemical processes, including muscle contraction and sugar metabolism, through its hydrolysis to ADP. （缩写）三磷酸腺苷：一种由腺苷衍生的核苷酸C10H 16N 5O 13P 3，通过它的水解作用到二磷酸腺苷可为细胞进行各类生化过程提供大量能量，包括肌肉收缩及糖份释放 〔antisense〕Of or relating to a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a sequence of messenger RNA. When antisense DNA or RNA is added to a cell, it binds to a specific messenger RNA molecule and inactivates it.反义的：补充信使核糖核酸序列的核苷酸序列的，或与其相关的。反义脱氧核糖核酸或反义核糖核酸加入细胞时，会绑住特定的信使核糖核酸分子并阻止信使核糖核酸分子活动〔nucleotide〕Any of various compounds consisting of a nucleoside combined with a phosphate group and forming the basic constituent of DNA and RNA.核苷酸：由与磷原子团结合并形成DNA和RNA的基本成分的核苷构成的化合物〔nucleotidase〕An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a nucleotide to a nucleoside and phosphoric acid.核苷酸酶：催化核苷酸转化成核苷和磷酸的酶〔polymerase〕Any of various enzymes that catalyze the formation of polynucleotides of DNA or RNA using an existing strand of DNA or RNA as a template.聚合酶：一种催化脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸的多聚核苷酸生成的酶，它利用一段既成的脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸作为核酸的模子〔dinucleotide〕A nucleotide molecule that consists of a combination of two nucleotide units.二核苷酸：两个单核苷酸结合而成的核苷酸分子〔phosphatase〕Any of numerous enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters of phosphoric acid and are important in the absorption and metabolism of carbohydrates, nucleotides, and phospholipids and in the calcification of bone.磷酸酶：一种酶，它可催化磷酸酯的水解作用，并对碳水化合物、核苷酸和磷脂的吸收、代谢以及骨骼的钙化都十分重要〔Todd〕British chemist. He won a 1957 Nobel Prize for his study of nucleic acids and nucleotide structures.托德，亚历山大·罗伯塔斯：(生于 1907) 英国化学家。他因对核酸和核苷酸结构的研究而获得1957年的诺贝尔奖〔GMP〕A nucleotide composed of guanine, ribose, and one phosphate group that is formed during protein synthesis. Also called guanylic acid GMP：一种核苷酸，由鸟嘌呤、核糖和蛋白质合成过程中产生的磷酸盐类构成 也作 guanylic acid〔terminator〕A sequence of nucleotides that signals the end of transcription and the completion of the synthesis of a nucleic acid molecule from a template.终止者：标志着转录终止或从核酸模板到综合分子核酸的完成的一个核苷酸序列〔ribose〕A pentose sugar, C5H 10O 5, occurring as a component of riboflavin, nucleotides, and nucleic acids. 核糖：戊糖，C5H 10O 5，作为核黄素、核苷酸及核酸的一种组分存在 〔genomics〕The study of all of the nucleotide sequences, including structural genes, regulatory sequences, and noncoding DNA segments, in the chromosomes of an organism.基因组：对所有核苷酸序列的研究，包括生物染色体中的结构基因、调节序列和未编码的脱氧核糖核酸节段〔oligonucleotide〕A short polymeric chain of two to ten nucleotides.低（聚）核苷酸：由两个到十个核苷酸构成的一条短聚体链〔palindrome〕A segment of double-stranded DNA in which the nucleotide sequence of one strand reads in reverse order to that of the complementary strand.回文结构：含有双股脱氧核糖核酸的一部分，其中的核苷酸系列的一股颠倒顺序来读取即为互补的一股〔deoxyribonucleotide〕A nucleotide containing deoxyribose that is a constituent of DNA.脱氧核苷酸：一种核苷酸，含有构成DNA的成分——脱氧核糖〔exon〕A nucleotide sequence in DNA that carries the code for the final messenger RNA molecule and thus defines the amino acid sequence during protein synthesis.编码顺序：DNA中的核苷酸序列，为最终的信息传递者RNA分子携带编码并在蛋白质合成中确定氨基酸范围〔codon〕A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides constituting the genetic code that specifies the insertion of an amino acid in a specific structural position in a polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.密码子：组成基因密码的三个相邻核苷酸的顺序，在蛋白质合成时它指定在多肽规定结构位置引入氨基酸〔dTTP〕One of the two pyrimidine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧胸腺嘧啶三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘧啶核苷酸之一〔Leloir〕French-born Argentine biochemist. He won a 1970 Nobel Prize for the discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates.勒卢瓦尔，路易斯·费德里克：(生于 1906) 法裔阿根廷籍生物化学家。因其发现了糖核苷酸及其在碳水化合物的生物合成中所起的作用而荣获1970年诺贝尔奖〔anticodon〕A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in transfer RNA designating a specific amino acid that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA during protein synthesis.反密码子：在蛋白质合成过程中，传送者RNA中的相关密码子与某种氨基酸结合，在传送RNA过程中出现的三个相邻的核苷酸序列〔muton〕The smallest unit of DNA at which a mutation can occur; a nucleotide.突变子：能够产生巨变的脱氧核糖核酸的最小单位；一个核苷酸〔ribonucleotide〕A nucleotide that contains ribose as its sugar and is an immediate component of RNA.核糖核酸：一种包含核糖作为其糖分的核苷酸，且是RNA的一种直接成分〔phosphodiesterase〕Any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the cleaving of phosphodiester bonds, such as those between nucleotides in nucleic acids, to produce smaller nucleotide units.磷酸二酯酶：一种可以催化磷酸二酯键分裂产生更小核酸单位的酶，如核酸中核苷酸间的酶〔mutation〕The process by which such a sudden structural change occurs, either through an alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA coding for a gene or through a change in the physical arrangement of a chromosome.突变，变种：突变发生的过程，是通过基因的脱氧核糖核酸密码的核苷酸顺序的改变或者通过染色体内部的物理重新排列 |
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