| 单词 | 教条 |
| 释义 | 〔dogmatize〕To proclaim as dogma.当做教条来宣扬〔Lombard〕Italian theologian whoseSententiarum Libri IV (1148-1151) had an important influence on official Catholic doctrine concerning the sacraments. 朗巴德，彼得：(1100?-1160?) 意大利神学家。他的《教父名言集四卷》 （1148-1151年）对天主教关于圣礼的官方教条产生了重要影响 〔Theravada〕vāda [doctrine] from Sanskrit vādaḥ [statement, doctrine] * see wed- 2vāda [教条] 源自 梵文 vādaḥ [陈述，教义] * 参见 wed- 2〔ism〕A distinctive doctrine, system, or theory:主义：一种独特的教条，系统，或理论：〔pessimism〕The doctrine or belief that this is the worst of all possible worlds and that all things ultimately tend toward evil.悲观主义：认为这是所有可能的世界中最坏的一种和所有的事情最终都归于邪恶的教条和信念〔latitudinarian〕Holding or expressing broad or tolerant views, especially in religious matters.不拘泥于教条的：持有或发表宽容的见解，尤指在宗教问题上〔illuminism〕Illuminism The ideas and principles of various groups of Illuminati. Illuminism 光照派教条：光照派各团体的思想和原则〔freeze〕an opinion that froze into dogma.僵硬到教条之地步的主张〔Augustinian〕A follower of the principles and doctrines of Saint Augustine.圣奥古斯丁信徒：圣·奥古斯丁教义及教条的追随者〔sacramentalism〕The doctrine that observance of the sacraments is necessary for salvation and that such participation can confer grace.重视圣礼主义：认为遵守圣礼对于救赎是必要的、参加圣事可授予神的恩典的教条〔apostolate〕An association of individuals for the dissemination of a religion or a doctrine.传播团体：传播宗教或信仰教条的个人所组成的团体〔heterodox〕Not in agreement with accepted beliefs, especially in church doctrine or dogma.异端的：与被接受的信仰，尤指教会教条或教义背道而驰的〔indoctrinate〕To initiate by means of doctrinal instruction:教导：以教条方式来传授：〔liberalism〕A 19th-century Protestant movement that favored free intellectual inquiry, stressed the ethical and humanitarian content of Christianity, and de-emphasized dogmatic theology.自由主义神学：19世纪一场新教活动，其主张自由的理性研究，强调基督教徒间伦理和人道的一致，而不强调教条的神学理论〔dogmatic〕Relating to, characteristic of, or resulting from dogma.教条的，教义的：与教义、信条有关的，以教义信条为特征的，来自于教义信条的〔naturalistic〕Of, relating to, or being in accordance with the doctrines of naturalism.自然主义的：属于，关于或和自然主义的教条相符合的〔pedagogue〕One who instructs in a pedantic or dogmatic manner.学究：以陈腐或教条的方式施教的人〔suckle〕"a pagan suckled in a creed outworn"(William Wordsworth)“在陈腐的教条中吸取营养的异教徒”(威廉·华兹华斯)〔absolutism〕An absolute doctrine, principle, or standard.绝对论：绝对的教条、原则或标准〔toe〕To adhere to doctrines or rules conscientiously; conform.遵从：认真地听从教条或规则；遵从〔Reconstructionism〕The branch of Judaism founded in the United States in the 20th century that regards Judaism as a religious civilization and questions the doctrine that the Jews are God's chosen people.犹太复兴运动：20世纪源于美国的犹太教的一支，认为犹太教是一个宗教文明，并对认为犹太人是上帝选定的子民的教条提出质疑〔anthroposophy〕The doctrines and beliefs of a modern religious sect derived from theosophy and claiming to develop knowledge and realization of spiritual reality.人智学：由神智学发展出来的现代宗教派别的教条和信仰，宣称要发展关于精神实在的知识和理解〔infidel〕One who doubts or rejects a particular doctrine, system, or principle:怀疑者，离经叛道者：一个对某种特定的教条、体系或原则表示怀疑或拒绝的人：〔Nazarene〕A member of an American Protestant denomination, the Church of the Nazarene, that follows many of the doctrines of early Methodism.美国基督教新教教徒：美国基督教新教统治下的一员!拿撒勒人的教堂遵循了许多早期美以美教派的教条〔rhetoric〕The wordrhetoric was once primarily the name of an important branch of philosophy and an art deserving of serious study. In recent yearsthe word has come to be used chiefly in a pejorative senseto refer to inflated language and pomposity.Deprecation of the term may result from a modern linguistic puritanism,which holds that language used in legitimate persuasion should be plainand free of artifice—itself a tendentious rhetorical doctrine,though not often recognized as such.But many writers still prefer to bear in mind the traditional meanings of the word.Thus, according to the newer use of the term,the phraseempty rhetoric, as in The politicians talk about solutions, but they usually offer only empty rhetoric, might be construed as redundant. But in fact only 35 percent of the Usage Panel judged this example to be redundant.Presumably, it can be maintained that rhetoric can be other than empty.单词rhetoric 曾主要是哲学的一个重要分支的和一种值得严肃研究的艺术的名称。 近年来，这个词已开始主要用于贬义，指夸大的语言和虚夸。这个词的改变可能源于一种现代语言的刻板做法，认为用于正当劝说中的语言应是朴素，没有人工雕饰的——它自身便是一种宣传性的修辞教条，虽然未常常被如此认为。但许多作家仍愿意记住这个词的传统含义。这样，根据这个词较新的含义，在The politician talk about solutions, but they usually offer only empty rhetoric 中，短语 empty rhetoric 可能被分析为多余的。 但事实上，用法委员会成员中只有百分之三十五的人认为在这个例子中是多余的。大概该词除了空的以外还有其他的意思吧〔prevailing〕Many current psychoanalytic theories diverge markedly from classical Freudian dogma.许多现行的心理分析理论和古典弗洛伊德教条差别很大。〔doctrine〕A principle or body of principles presented for acceptance or belief, as by a religious, political, scientific, or philosophic group; dogma.教条，教义：由宗教、政治或哲学团体提出来要人接受或信仰的原理；教理〔voluntarism〕A theory or doctrine that regards the will as the fundamental principle of the individual or of the universe.唯意志论：认为意志是个人或宇宙的基本原则的理论或教条〔radicalism〕The doctrines or practices of radicals.激进主义：激进的教条或行动〔indoctrinate〕To instruct in a body of doctrine or principles.传授：以教条或信条的方式来教授、教导〔rule〕The body of regulations prescribed by the founder of a religious order for governing the conduct of its members.教规，条例，教条：某宗教派别的建立者为控制其成员的行为而规定的一系列条例〔fatal〕"Such doctrines, if true, would be absolutely fatal to my theory"(Charles Darwin)“这些教条如果是真的，将对我的理论有着绝对的毁灭性”(查尔斯·达尔文)〔revisionism〕Advocacy of the revision of an accepted, usually long-standing view, theory, or doctrine, especially a revision of historical events and movements.修正主义：鼓吹修订已被接受的通常长期存在的观点、理论或教条，尤指对于历史事件及运动的观点修正〔Kierkegaard〕Danish religious philosopher. A precursor of modern existentialism, he insisted on the need for individual decision and leaps of faith in the search for religious truth, thereby contradicting Protestant dogma and Hegelianism. His works includeEither/Or and Fear and Trembling (both 1843). 克尔恺郭尔，瑟伦·阿比：(1813-1855) 丹麦宗教哲学家，现代存在主义先驱。他坚持在寻找宗教的真理时个人决定和信仰选择的需要，因而反对新教教条和黑格尔主义。他的著作包括《非此即彼》 和 《恐惧与颤栗》 （均出版于1843年） 〔doubt〕began to doubt some accepted doctrines.开始怀疑一些公认的教条 |
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