| 单词 | 支配 |
| 释义 | 〔preempt〕To have precedence or predominance over:优先于或支配…：〔ruling〕The act of governing or controlling.管理：管理或支配的行为〔command〕"He commands any room he enters"(Stephen Schiff)“他可以任意支配他所进入的任何房间”(斯蒂芬·希夫)〔independent〕Not dependent on other variables.自变数：不受其它变量支配的〔ascendant〕The position or state of being dominant or in control:占优势的：处于支配或统治的地位或状态：〔govern〕To exercise a deciding or determining influence on:支配；决定：起决定影响：〔domineer〕from Latin dominārī [to dominate] * see dominate 源自 拉丁语 dominārī [控制，支配] * 参见 dominate〔coerce〕To dominate, restrain, or control forcibly:控制，限制：强制地支配、限制或控制：〔senile〕In earlier writings one finds phrases such as "asenile maturity of judgment" and "green and vigorous senility, ” demonstrating that these two words have not always been burdened with their current negative connotations. Senile and senility are examples of pejoration, the process by which a word's meaning changes for the worse over time.Even thoughsenile (first recorded in 1661) and senility (first recorded in 1778) initially had neutral senses such as "pertaining to old age,” it is probable that the weakness (in particular the mental weakness) that sometimes accompanies old age eventually caused negative senses to predominate.Certainly some pejorative associations were present in Latinsenīlis, "relating to an old man, aged,” the ultimate source of both words, and in related Latin words such assenēscere, which could mean "to deteriorate with age.” But it seems that pejorative associations have taken over these words in English through general usage,perhaps because average life expectancy has risen steadily over the years.在较早的文学作品中人们可以找到形如“判断力Senile（老练） 成熟”和“精力旺盛的有魄力的 Senility（老态龙钟） ”的短语，表明这两个词一直没有表示他们流行的消极的含义。 Senile 和 senility 是词义转贬的范例， 即一个词的意思随时间变化变得越来越坏。尽管senile （首次记载于1661年）和 senility （首次记载于1778年）最初具有中性的意义，例如“关于老年的”， 可能是伴随老年出现的衰弱（特别是智力衰弱）最终导致了反面的意思居支配地位。当然有一些词义转贬的联系表现在拉丁文中的senilis （“关于老人的，老年的”），是这两个词的最早的词源， 和与之相关的拉丁词如senecer ，意为“随年纪恶化”。 但是看起来在英语中通过广泛的使用词义转贬的联系已经取代了这些词，可能是由于平均估计寿命随时代发展稳步上升〔ruling〕Predominant:主要的，居支配地位的：〔dominate〕To control, govern, or rule by superior authority or power:支配：以权威或力量控制、支配或统治：〔fanatic〕Latin fānāticus [inspired by orgiastic rites, pertaining to a temple] 拉丁语 fānāticus [被狂热支配的，属于神殿的] 〔domination〕Mastery or supremacy over another or others.主宰：支配或统治另一个人或其他许多人〔excitor〕A nerve whose stimulation induces an increase in activity of the part it supplies.兴奋神经：其刺激能使其支配部位增强的活动减弱的神经〔force〕 Obligate applies when force is exerted by the terms of a legal contract or promise or by the dictates of one's conscience or sense of propriety: Obligate 适用于在法律合约或承诺或某人受正当的良心或良知的支配下施加压力做的： 〔time〕A period at one's disposal:可供自己支配的时间：〔etiquette〕These nouns refer to codes governing correct behavior.这些名词指的是支配正确行为方式的社会准则。〔dominant〕from Latin domināns dominant- [present participle of] dominārī [to dominate] * see dominate 源自 拉丁语 domināns dominant- dominārī的现在分词 [支配] * 参见 dominate〔slave〕A machine or component controlled by another machine or component.从动装置：受其它机器或部件支配的机器或部件〔governance〕The act, process, or power of governing; government:统治，管理，支配：统治、管理、支配的动作、过程或权力；统治：〔expose〕To subject or allow to be subjected to an action or an influence:使受影响：使受到或允许受到某种行为或影响的支配：〔overbear〕To prevail over, as if by superior weight or force; dominate.压服，否定：仿佛以较大的重量或力量获胜；支配，统治〔indulge〕To yield to the desires and whims of, especially to an excessive degree; humor.迁就，纵容：尤指过分地受欲望和幻想的支配；迁就〔harness〕To bring under control and direct the force of:统治，管理，支配：控制住和指挥…的力量：〔gastronomy〕-nomia [-nomy] -nomia [后缀，表示支配某领域的法则体系] 〔society〕The socially dominant members of a community.社会上层人员：社会上处于支配地位的成员〔ascendant〕Dominant in position or influence; superior.优越的：在地位或影响方面处支配地位的；有优势的〔dictate〕"Foreign leaders were . . . dictated by their own circumstances, bound by the universal imperatives of politics"(Doris Kearns Goodwin)“外围领导者…被他们自己的环境所支配，被政治的普遍的专横所限制”(多丽丝·克恩斯·古德温)〔command〕Possession and exercise of the authority to command:支配，指挥：具有和实施指挥的权力：〔rule〕Governing power or its possession or use; authority.权威：统治的权力或其占有及运用；支配〔dominant〕Exercising the most influence or control.支配的：最有影响的或支配的〔sentimental〕Characterized or swayed by sentiment.感情的：以感情为特征或受感情支配的〔free〕Not subject to a given condition; exempt:被豁免的：不受既定条件支配的；被免除的：〔ethical〕Being in accordance with the accepted principles of right and wrong that govern the conduct of a profession.See Synonyms at moral 道德的，伦理的：合乎公认的支配职业行为的是非原则的 参见 moral〔caesura〕A pause in a line of verse dictated by sense or natural speech rhythm rather than by metrics.休止，中断：几行诗文之间的停顿，受意义和自然韵律而非节奏的支配〔captain〕One who supervises or directs the work of others, especially:负责人：监督或支配他人的工作的人，尤指：〔compel〕To exert a strong, irresistible force on; sway:操纵：运用强大的、不可抗拒的力于…；支配：〔government〕The act or process of governing, especially the control and administration of public policy in a political unit.管辖：统治的行为、支配的过程，特指政体对公众政策的控制和管理〔deism〕The belief, based solely on reason, in a God who created the universe and then abandoned it, assuming no control over life, exerting no influence on natural phenomena, and giving no supernatural revelation.自然神论：以理性为基础的神学理论，认为上帝创造了世界后就抛弃了它，不再支配生命，不再向自然现象施加影响力，也不再给超凡的启示〔clubber〕One that wields a club.俱乐部主席：支配俱乐部的人 |
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