| 单词 | 惠特曼 |
| 释义 | 〔Whitman〕American frontier missionary who with his wifeNarcissa Prentiss (1808-1847) established a missionary post in the Oregon region (1836), where they introduced Christianity, schooling, and medical advances to the Native Americans. 惠特曼，马库斯：(1802-1847) 美国边远地区携带妻子的传教士纳西萨·普伦蒂斯 (1808—1847年），在俄勒冈地区建立了一个传教地(1836年），在那里向美国土著人介绍基督教、教育和医术 〔Gilbert〕American composer who was the first to base his works, such asNocturne, after Whitman (1925), wholly on American folk music themes. 吉尔伯特，亨利·富兰克林·贝尔克奈普：(1868-1928) 美国作曲家，他是第一个完全以民间音乐的主题为基础创作自己的作品，如《夜曲·惠特曼之后》 （1925年） 〔trashed〕Expressions for intoxication are among those that best showcase the creativity of slang. The boundless inventiveness in expressing the ordinary in not-so-ordinary ways led Walt Whitman to describe slang as"an attempt of common humanity to escape from bald literalism, and express itself illimitably.” Colloquial and slang expressions meaning "intoxicated" can fill several pages in slang thesauruses. Most fall into a few general groups. Common are expressions that originally meant "damaged, badly affected by something,” such as trashed, smashed, crocked, blitzed, hammered, wasted, messed up, and blasted. Cooking terms are also common, such as baked, fried, and boiled (said to have been coined at Princeton University in the 1920s). Terms relating to liquids or being filled are a natural source of metaphors for filling oneself up with drink or drugs: sloshed, oiled, tanked, and loaded are but a few. Some terms are not easily classified or have origins that are not fully clear, such as tight (first appearing in the 1830s), plastered (first appearing around 1912), blotto (perhaps from blot, first appearing in 1917), and stoned (apparently taken from such expressions as stone-drunk, stone-cold, and first appearing as stone in 1945). Most current terms for "intoxicated" are not very old, as one expects of slang terms generally; of those in the lists above, blotto, crocked, fried, loaded, plastered, tanked, tight, and oiled are recorded in the first half of the 20th century, and of these only tight and oiled are known to have existed before then. 表示喝醉的词语充分体现了俚语的创造性。用非同寻常的方式创造极为寻常的俚语，其间蕴藏了无限创造空间，华尔特·惠特曼将俚语描述为“让平常心从文字束缚中逃离，并随性表达出来” 。表示“喝醉的，酒醉的”的口语以及俚语的表达方式，可以填满俚语同义词的数页空间。大多数俚语可归入几个分类。许多常见俚语的原意为“被破坏的，受某物负面影响”，如 trashed、smashed、crocked、blitzed、hammered、wasted、messed up 以及 blasted 。烹饪词汇也很普遍，如 baked、fried 和 boiled （据说由普林斯顿大学于20世纪20年代创造）。与液体或注入有关的词语是隐喻表示过多饮酒或吸毒而形成的自然来源： sloshed、oiled、tanked 和 loaded 只是其中少数例子。有些词语不易界定其类别或其原意较不清楚，如 tight （首次出现于19世纪30年代）、 plastered （首次出现于1912年）、 blotto （可能源自 blot ，首次出现于1917年）以及 stoned （显然来自词语 stone-drunk和stone-cold ，并于1945年首次以 stone 的形式出现）。正如大家对俚语的普遍看法，大多数表示“喝醉的，酒醉的”的现行词语都较新；在如上所列词汇中， blotto、crocked、fried、loaded、plastered、tanked、tight 和 oiled 首次见载于19世纪中叶，只有 tight 和 oiled 是所知早于那个时期 〔Camden〕A city of western New Jersey on the Delaware River opposite Philadelphia. Walt Whitman lived here from 1873 to 1892. Population, 87,492.卡姆登：美国新泽西州西部的一座城市，靠近特拉华河与费城相对。沃特·惠特曼曾于1873年至1892年在此居住。人口87,492〔sister〕"the sisters Death and Night"(Walt Whitman)“死亡与黑暗是一对姐妹”(沃尔特·惠特曼)〔obstacle〕"Tyranny may always enter—there is no charm, no bar against it—the only bar against it is a large resolute breed of men" (Walt Whitman). “暴政可能总会产生——没有咒语，没有障碍——唯一阻碍它的是一群勇敢的人” （瓦特·惠特曼）。 〔Whitman〕American poet whose great workLeaves of Grass (first published 1855), written in unconventional meter and rhyme, celebrates the self, death as a process of life, universal brotherhood, and the greatness of democracy and the United States. 惠特曼，华尔特：(1819-1892) 美国诗人。他的伟大作品《草叶集》 (1855年第一次出版），用非传统的韵律和韵文写成，宣扬自我、死亡是生命的一部分、普遍的兄弟情谊、民主的伟大和美国 〔envy〕"When I peruse the conquered fame of heroes and the victories of mighty generals, I do not envy the generals" (Walt Whitman). “当我细细咀嚼那些英雄的盛名和伟大的将军们的胜利时，我并不羡慕那些将军” （沃特·惠特曼）。〔mother〕"the discovery of radium, which made Marie Curie mother to the Atomic Age"(Alden Whitman)“镭的发现使玛丽·居里成为原子时代之母”(奥尔登·惠特曼)〔grovel〕"Have we not groveled here long enough, eating and drinking like mere brutes?”(Walt Whitman)“难道我们现在放纵得还不够长久，仅仅象畜生一样地吃喝？”(沃尔特·惠特曼)〔yawp〕"I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world"(Walt Whitman)“我在世界屋脊上粗声叫喊”(沃尔特·惠特曼)〔lisp〕"The carpenter['s] . . . plane whistles its wild ascending lisp" (Walt Whitman)“木匠［的］ …刨子发出狂野而含混的呼啸声” (沃尔特·惠特曼)〔dainty〕"No dainty rhymes or sentimental love verses for you, terrible year"(Walt Whitman)“没有优雅的韵律和多愁善感的诗句可给你，真是难以忍受的一年”(沃尔特·惠特曼) |
| 随便看 |
|
学习网英语词汇栏目收词371507余条，连同派生词、复合词、词组和习语等。每个词条提供了音标、词性、释义、用法、搭配和同（近）义词等多项功能，对所收词汇进行全方位的解释和说明，内容丰富，功能全面。