| 单词 | 布尔什维克 |
| 释义 | 〔Menshevik〕A member of the liberal minority faction of the Social Democratic Party that struggled against the Bolsheviks before and during the Russian Revolution.孟什维克主义者：俄国革命以前和期间反对布尔什维克主义的社会民主党中自由主义少数派的成员〔Podolsk〕A city of central European U.S.S.R. south of Moscow. It was a frequent meeting place for Lenin and his followers prior to the Bolshevik Revolution. Population, 208,000.波多利斯克：苏联欧洲部分中部一城市，位于莫斯科以南。在布尔什维克革命前，它曾是列宁和他的追随者经常会面的地方。人口208,000〔demonology〕"As the years passed[the magazine's] demonology expanded to include Bolsheviks, radicals, Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, Government work programs or aid programs of any kind" (Maggie Nichols)“随着年代的流逝，布尔什维克、激进分子、富兰克林·D·罗斯福、新政、任何种类的政府工作项目或援助项目都被列入了[杂志] 黑名单” (玛吉·尼科尔斯)〔Trotsky〕Russian revolutionary theoretician. A leader of the Bolshevik Revolution (1917), he was later expelled from the Communist Party (1927) and banished (1929) for his opposition to the authoritarianism of Stalin and his emphasis on world revolution. His writings includeLiterature and Revolution (1925) and the autobiographical My Life (1930). Trotsky was murdered while in exile in Mexico. 托洛茨基，利昂：(1879-1940) 俄国革命理论家。是布尔什维克革命(1917年）领导人，后被逐出共产党(1927年）并因其反对斯大林政权和强调世界革命而被驱逐。他的著作包括《文学与革命》 （1925年）及自传 《我的一生》 （1931年）。托洛茨基在流亡墨西哥时被谋杀 〔Bolshevik〕A member of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party that seized power in that country in November 1917.布尔什维克：在1917年11月夺取国家政权的俄国社会民主工人党成员〔Kolchak〕Russian admiral of the Black Sea fleet during World War I. He led the White Russians against the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution (1917). Recognized by the Allies as the head of the provisional Russian government (1918-1920), he was captured and shot by the Bolsheviks.高尔察克，亚历山大·瓦西里耶维奇：(1874?-1920) 一战期间俄罗斯黑海舰队的司令，在十月革命以后（1917年），他率领俄罗斯白军与布尔什维克作战。他得到同盟国承认的俄国临时政府的首领地位（1918-1920年），后来被布尔什维克俘虏并处决〔Alexandra〕Last czarina of Russia (1894-1917). The wife of Nicholas II, she was influenced by Rasputin and meddled in politics. After the Bolshevik revolution, she and her family were imprisoned and executed.亚历山德拉：俄罗斯末代沙皇之妻（1894-1917年）。作为尼古拉二世的妻子，她受到了拉斯普廷的影响并参与了政治活动。布尔什维克革命后与其家人一同被捕入狱，后被处死〔Bukharin〕Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician who advocated gradual agricultural collectivization. He was executed for treason after the last of the Moscow "show trials" of the 1930's.布哈拉，尼科莱·伊万诺维奇：(1888-1938) 布尔什维克革命家和苏联政治家，提倡逐步的农业集约化的，在三十年代莫斯科最后一次“肃反”运动中被指控谋反，定罪处死〔Lenin〕Russian founder of the Bolsheviks, leader of the Russian Revolution (1917), and first head of the U.S.S.R. (1917-1924). As a communist theoretician Lenin held that workers could not develop a revolutionary consciousness without the guidance of a vanguard party and that imperialism was a particular stage of capitalist development.列宁，弗拉基米尔·伊里奇：(1870-1924) 苏联布尔什维克的缔造者，俄国十月革命(1917年）的领导者，是前苏联的第一任领导人(1917-1924年）。作为一名共产主义的理论家，列宁认为：没有先驱政党的指导，工人就不能发展革命意识；帝国主义是资本主义发展过程中的一个特殊阶段〔Bolshevism〕The strategy developed by the Bolsheviks between 1903 and 1917 with a view to seizing state power and establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat.布尔什维克主义：布尔什维克在1903到1917年之间发展的一种战略，目标为夺取政权、建立无产阶级专政〔Gorky〕Russian writer who supported the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 and helped develop socialist realism as the officially accepted literary aesthetic. His works includeThe Life of Klim Samgin (1925-1936), an unfinished cycle of novels. 高尔基，马克斯姆：(1868-1936) 俄国作家，支持1917年的布尔什维克革命，帮助发展出社会主义现实派创作手法，并使之成为官方接受的文学形式。他的作品包括一部未完成的小说集《克里姆·萨姆金的一生》 （1925-1936年） 〔personify〕"Stalin now personified bolshevism in the eyes of the world"(A.J.P. Taylor)“在整个世界看来，现在斯大林象征着布尔什维克主义”(A.J.P.泰勒)〔Bolshevik〕A member of the left-wing majority group of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party that adopted Lenin's theses on party organization in 1903.布尔什维克：俄国社会民主工人党占多数派的左翼成员，该党于1903年接受了列宁建党理论〔Kerensky〕Russian revolutionary who was appointed the head of government (July 1917) after the abdication of Nicholas II but was overthrown by the Bolsheviks (October 1917) for his moderate policies.克伦斯基，亚历山大·费奥德罗维奇：(1881-1970) 俄国革命者，尼古拉二世退位后被任命为政府首脑（1917年7月），但由于他的温和政策而被布尔什维克人推翻（1917年10月） |
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