| 单词 | 工会 |
| 释义 | 〔wildcat〕a wildcat strike.未经工会允许的罢工〔alliance〕an alliance of labor unions opposing the bill.反对法案的工会联盟〔WFTU〕World Federation of Trade Unions.世界工会联合会〔affiliate〕The two unions voted to affiliate.两家工会投票决定联合〔union〕Of or relating to a labor union or labor union organizing:工会的：属于或有关工会或工会组织的：〔unionist〕A member of a labor or trade union.工会会员：工会或贸易联盟的成员〔apprentice〕One who is learning a trade or occupation, especially as a member of a labor union.练习生，工会成员：一个正在学习某一行业或职业的人，尤指作为工会的一个成员〔federation〕A league or association formed by federating, especially a government or political body established through federal union.联邦政府，联合会：通过联盟组成的团体或组织，尤指通过联邦工会而建立的政府或政治团体〔Taggard〕American writer whose volumes of poetry includeFor Eager Lovers (1922) and Calling Western Union (1936). 塔哥德，热内维埃夫：(1894-1948) 美国作家，他的诗集包括《为了热切的情人们》 （1922年）和 《呼唤西部工会》 （1936年） 〔syndicalism〕from (chambre) syndicale [trade union] [feminine of] syndical [of a labor union] 源自 (chambre) syndicale [贸易联合] syndical的阴性词 [工会的] 〔either〕Either the union will make a counteroffer or the original bid will be refused by the board or the deal will go ahead as scheduled. · 或者工会提出一个相反的建议，或者董事会拒绝原来的要价，或者这事按原计划进行。 〔syndicalism〕A radical political movement that advocates bringing industry and government under the control of federations of labor unions by the use of direct action, such as general strikes and sabotage.工团主义运动：通过直接的行动，如大罢工和破坏行为来宣扬把工业和政府置于工会联盟的控制之下的激进政治运动〔wildcat〕Undertaken by workers without approval of the officials of their union:未经工会同意的：工人未经工会官员同意而采取的：〔wildcat〕A workers' strike unauthorized by their union.未经工会允许的工人罢工〔defiance〕went on strike in defiance of union policy.不顾工会政策举行罢工〔ombudsman〕The wordombudsman looks as if its constituents would be familiar, judging from the element man, but it is difficult to think of whatombuds could mean. Ombudsman is from Swedish, a Germanic language in the same family as English, andman in Swedish corresponds to our word man. Ombud means "commissioner, agent,” coming from Old Norseumbodh, "charge, commission, administration by a delegacy,” umbodh being made up of um, "regarding,” and bodh, "command.” In Old Norse anumbodhsmadhr was a "trusty manager, commissary.” In Swedishanombudsman was a deputy who looked after the interests and legal affairs of a group such as a trade union or business. In 1809 the office ofriksdagens justitieombudsman was created to act as an agent of justice, that is, to see after the interests of justice in affairs between the government and its citizens.This office of ombudsman and the wordombudsman have been adopted elsewhere, as in individual states in the United States.The term has also been expanded in senseto include people who perform the same function for business corporations or newspapers.从ombudsman 这个词的 man 这一组成部分看，它的构成似乎很眼熟， 但接下去就很难令人想起ombuds 到底是什么意思了。 Ombudsman 这个词源于和英语同属于日耳曼语族的瑞典语， 而man 这个词在瑞典语中的意思恰好和英语中的 man相对应。 Ombud 的意思是“调查团成员，代表”， 源于古斯堪的纳维亚语umbodh， 意为“由代表团负责，调查，管理”， umbodh 是由 um， 即“注视”和 bodh “命令、管理”两部分所构成。 在古斯堪的纳维亚语中，umbodhsmadhr 指一个“值得信任的管理者或代表”。 在瑞典语中，ombudsman 曾指一个管理一个群体如工会、商行的利益和法律事务的人。 1809年成立了司法巡查局 ，它是一司法机构， 即专门管理调查政府和公民之间事务的司法权益。巡检局和ombudsman 这个词也被其它地区采用， 如美国一些个别的州。现在这个名词术语的使用范围比以前更广，还包括在商务或报纸新闻业负有此项职能的人〔unionism〕The principles, theory, or system of a union, especially a trade union.工会主义：工会的原则、理论或系统，尤指贸易工会〔brotherhood〕Abbr. B.An association of men, such as a fraternity or union, united for common purposes.缩写 B.全体会员：为共同目标组成的，如兄弟会或工会等的会员〔blackball〕winegrowers hiring union grape pickers for fear of being boycotted;种葡萄兼酿酒者雇用工会葡萄采摘工，因为害怕他们拒绝参加；〔local〕A local chapter or branch of an organization, especially of a labor union.地方分支：一个组织的地方分会或分支，尤指工会的〔wildcatter〕A worker who participates in a wildcat strike.参与未经工会允许的罢工的一个工人〔union〕the union movement; union negotiations.工会运动；工会协商〔Jouhaux〕French politician and labor leader. He won the 1951 Nobel Peace Prize for his international efforts on behalf of workers and unions.茹奥，莱昂：(1879-1954) 法国政治家、工人领袖。因为他在国际上代表工人及工会所作出的努力而获1951年诺贝尔和平奖〔picket〕A person or group of persons stationed outside a place of employment, usually during a strike, to express grievance or protest and discourage entry by nonstriking employees or customers.工会纠察员：通常在罢工期间，驻扎在工作单位外面的人或一群人，以表示不满或反抗，阻止非罢工雇员或顾客进入〔nonunion〕Not recognizing or dealing with a labor union or employing union members:不承认工会的：不承认或不与工会打交道或不雇佣工会成员的：〔Manley〕Jamaican socialist politician who served as prime minister (1972-1980 and 1989). A leader of the Jamaican trade union movement, he advocated Caribbean solidarity and worldwide redistribution of wealth.曼雷：牙买加社会主义政治家，曾任牙买加首相（1972-1980年及1989年）。作为牙买加工会运动领袖，他主张团结所有加勒比人和重新分配世界财富〔wildcat〕To go out on an unauthorized labor strike.举行野猫式罢工：举行未经工会批准的劳动罢工〔giveback〕A cutback in employee wages or benefits conceded by a labor union in acknowledgment of unfavorable economic conditions or in exchange for other benefits.削减，福利归还：雇员工资的削减，或是对由劳动工会承认的在不利经济条件下给予的津贴的削减，或是为了交换其它利益而给予的津贴的削减〔laborite〕A member or supporter of a labor movement or union.劳工运动或工会的支持者或其成员 |
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