| 单词 | 安德鲁 |
| 释义 | 〔McNaughton〕Canadian general and public official who commanded Canadian troops in Great Britain (1942-1944) and was secretary of national defense (1944-1945).麦克诺登，安德鲁·乔治·拉塔：(1887-1966) 加拿大将军、公务官员，二战中曾在大不列颠指挥加拿大军队(1942-1944年），曾任国防部长(1944-1945年）〔vegetable〕When the speaker in Andrew Marvell's "To his Coy Mistress" tells his mistressthat "Had we but world enough, and time . . . /My vegetable love should grow/Vaster than empires and more slow,” he "makes one think of pumpkins and eternity in one breath,”as one critic has playfully suggested.However,vegetable in this case is used figuratively in the sense, "having the property of life and growth, as does a plant.”This use is based on the ancient religious and philosophical notion of the tripartite soul as interpreted by the Scholastics:thevegetative soul common to plants, animals, and humans; thesensitive soul common to animals and humans; and therational soul, found only in humans. “ Vegetable love" in Marvell's poem is thus a love that grows, takes nourishment, and reproduces,although it grows slowly.Marvell's use illustrates the original sense ofvegetable, first recorded in the 15th century.In a work published in 1582 we find recorded for the first time the adjective use ofvegetable familiar to us, "having to do with plants.” In a work of the same date appears the first instance ofvegetable as a noun, meaning "a plant.” It is not until the 18th century that we find the noun and adjective used in the more restricted way associated with the injunction "Eat your vegetables.”当安德鲁·马韦尔的“致他的羞涩情人”一诗中的说话者告诉他的情人 “如果我们有足够的世界和时间…/我的植物一样的爱会生长得/比帝国更广大、更慢”时，他“使人想起了南瓜以及一息之间的永恒，”某个批评家开玩笑似地说。然而，在这个情况下vegetable 是被用于比喻意义上的， 意思是“象植物一样具有生命和生长的性质”。这一用法是基于由经院哲学家所释的三重灵魂的古代宗教和哲学观念之上的：vegetative 的灵魂为植物、动物和人类共有； sensitive 的灵魂为动物和人类共有； 而rational 的灵魂却只存在于人类中。 因此马韦尔诗中的“植物的爱”是一种生长的、吸取营养并繁殖的爱，但是它长得很慢。马韦尔的这一用法指示了vegetable 的原先的含义， 最早记录于15世纪。在一部出版于1582年的作品中，我们第一次找到了已为我们熟悉的vegetable 一词的形容词用法的记录，意思是“与植物有关的”。 在同一时期的另一部作品中，出现了vegetable 作为名词用的第一个例子，意思是“植物”。 直到18世纪，我们才发现该名词和形容词被用于与“吃你的蔬菜”这一命令相关的更受限制的方式中〔Evarts〕American lawyer and politician who was the chief defense attorney during the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson and served as U.S. secretary of state (1877-1881) and senator from New York (1885-1891).埃瓦茨，威廉·麦克斯韦：(1818-1901) 美国律师和政治家，是总统安德鲁·约翰逊在弹劾期间的主要辩护律师，曾任美国国务卿（1877-1881年）和来自于纽约的参议员（1885-1891年）〔Lang〕British writer and anthropologist who is best known for his fairy tales, includingThe Blue Fairy Book (1889). 兰，安德鲁：(1844-1912) 英国作家和人类学者，以其神话小说最为著名，包括《蓝色童话集》 （1889年） 〔Debierne〕French chemist who discovered the element actinium in pitchblende (1899) and isolated pure radium (1910).德毕叶恩，安德鲁·路易斯：(1874-1949) 法国化学家，在沥青铀矿里发现了元素锕(1899年），并分解出纯镭(1910年）〔Millikan〕American physicist. He won a 1923 Nobel Prize for his measurement of the electron charge.密立根，罗伯特·安德鲁：(1868-1953) 美国物理学家。他因测量电子电荷而获1923年诺贝尔奖〔right〕"When the laws undertake to . . . grant . . . exclusive privileges, to make the rich richer and the potent more powerful, the humble members of society . . . have a right to complain of the injustice of their government" (Andrew Jackson).“如果法律保证排他的特权，从而使富者更富有，有权有势者更有权势，那么生活于社会下层的人们就有权力指责他们政府的不公平” （安德鲁·杰克）。〔White〕American educator and diplomat who founded Cornell University with Ezra Cornell and was its first president (1868-1885). He also served as U.S. ambassador to Germany (1897-1902).怀特，安德鲁·迪克森：(1832-1918) 美国教育学家和外交官，他与埃兹拉·康奈尔一起创建了康奈尔大学并担任第一任校长(1868年-1885年）他也担任过驻德国的美国大使职务(1897年-1902年）〔Andrews〕American historian who published numerous works on the colonial period.安德鲁，查尔斯·麦克莱恩：(1863-1943) 美国历史学家，发表过许多殖民时期的著作〔Eglevsky〕Russian-born American ballet dancer considered the greatest classical male dancer of the 1940's and 1950's.埃格列夫斯基，安德鲁：(1917-1977) 美裔俄国芭蕾舞蹈家，被认为是20世纪40和50年代最伟大的舞蹈家〔Malraux〕French writer and politician. A member of the French resistance during World War II, he served as minister of culture (1959-1969) under Charles de Gaulle. His written works include novels of adventure and political action, such asMan's Fate (1933), and books of art history. 马尔罗，安德鲁：(1901-1976) 法国作家和政治家。二战时法国抵抗组织的成员，1959年至1969年出任查尔斯·戴高乐政府的文化部长。他的作品包括历险小说和政治活动小说，例如《人类的命运》 （1933年）以及一些有关艺术史的书 〔Munsey〕American publisher and major figure in the trend toward consolidating competing newspapers under one owner.芒西，弗兰克·安德鲁：(1854-1925) 美国出版商同时也是几家有竞争力的报纸向合并方向发展的主要推动者〔Downing〕American landscape architect and horticulturist who wrote the classicA Treatise on Landscape Gardening (1841) and designed the grounds of the White House and the U.S. Capitol. 唐宁，安德鲁·杰克逊：(1815-1852) 美国园林建筑师和园艺家，写有名著《论造园技术》 （1841年），设计了白宫和美国国会场地 〔punish〕"The individual who refuses to defend his rights when called by his Government . . . must be punished as an enemy of his country and friend to her foe" (Andrew Jackson).Tocorrect is to punish so that the offender will mend his or her ways: 被国家所召集却拒绝维护他的权利的个人…一定被当作自己国家的敌人和国家敌人的朋友而受到惩罚 （安德鲁·杰克逊）。Corret 意指惩罚以使冒犯者改正他或她的习惯： 〔Blackmun〕American jurist who was appointed an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court in 1970.布莱克门，哈里·安德鲁：(生于 1908) 美国法官，于1970年被任命为美国联邦最高法院陪审法官〔Law〕Canadian-born British politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer (1916-1918) and prime minister (1922-1923).劳，（安德鲁）波拿：(1858-1923) 加拿大裔英国政治家，曾任英国财政大臣（1916-1918年）和首相（1922-1923年）〔Cornell〕American businessman and philanthropist who helped develop and unify telegraph systems in the United States and founded Cornell University (1868) with Andrew D. White.康奈尔，以斯拉：(1807-1874) 美国商人，慈善家，帮助发展并统一了美国的电报系统，并与安德鲁·Ｄ·怀特一起建立了康奈尔大学（1868年）〔Dunfermline〕A burgh of east-central Scotland northwest of Edinburgh. It was long a favorite residence of Scottish kings. Andrew Carnegie was born here (1835) and gave the town its library. Population, 53,800.丹佛姆林：苏格兰中东部县区，位于爱丁堡西北方向。该地长期以来都是苏格兰国王们最喜爱的居所。安德鲁·卡内基在此出生（1835年）并为之建立了图书馆。人口53,800〔Johnson〕The 17th President of the United States (1865-1869). Elected Vice President (1864), he succeeded the assassinated Abraham Lincoln as President. His administration was marked by reconstruction policies in the South and the purchase of Alaska (1867). An attempt to unseat Secretary of War Edwin Stanton led to Johnson's impeachment on purely political charges brought by Republican senators (1868). Johnson was acquitted by one vote.约翰逊，安德鲁：(1808-1875) 美国第17任总统(1865-1869年）。他于1864年当选副总统，在阿伯拉罕·林肯遇刺后继任总统。他执政时推行南部重建政策，并于1867年买下了阿拉斯加。因试图罢免国防部长埃德温·斯坦顿，约翰逊还受到共和国参议员们关于纯粹政治性原因的指控(1868年）。约翰逊在一次投票后被宣告无罪〔ampere〕After André Marie Ampère 源自 安德鲁·玛丽 Ampère〔Huxley〕British physiologist. He shared a 1963 Nobel Prize for research on nerve cells.赫胥黎，安德鲁·菲尔丁：(生于 1917) 英国生理学家。因其在神经细胞方面的研究获1963年诺贝尔奖〔Tardieu〕French politician and journalist who helped draft the Versailles Treaty of 1919 and served as premier of France (1929-1930 and 1932).塔尔第欧，安德鲁·皮尔·加布里埃尔·阿梅黛：(1876-1945) 法国政治家和新闻记者，曾帮助起草1919年凡尔赛和约并担任过法国总理(1929-1930年和1932年）〔Edmunds〕American politician. As U.S. senator from Vermont (1866-1891) he was active in the prosecution of President Andrew Johnson.埃德蒙，乔治·富兰克林：(1828-1919) 美国政治家，任佛蒙特州议员（1866-1891年）期间曾积极揭发安德鲁·约翰逊总统〔Stevens〕American politician. A U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1849-1853 and 1859-1868), he led the impeachment proceedings against President Andrew Johnson (1868).斯蒂文斯，萨德乌斯：(1792-1868) 美国政治家，宾夕法尼亚州议会代表(1849-1853年和1859-1868年），他领导了对安德鲁·约翰逊总统的弹劾(1868年）〔Wyeth〕American painter whose realistic canvases depict stark rural scenes. His major works includeChristina's World (1948) and Tenant Farmer (1961). His father, Newell Convers Wyeth (1882-1945), was also a painter and a book illustrator. 韦思，安德鲁：(生于 1917) 美国画家，以写实主义手法描绘朴实的田园生活场景，主要作品包括《克里斯蒂娜的世界》 （1948年）和 《佃农》 （1961年）。他的父亲 纳维尔·康维斯·韦思 (1882-1945年）也是位画家和书籍插图画家 〔Mellon〕American financier and public official who served as U.S. secretary of the treasury (1921-1932) and endowed the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.梅隆，安德鲁·威廉：(1855-1937) 美国金融家及政府官员，曾任美国财政部长(1921-1932年）并向华盛顿特区的国家美术馆捐赠基金〔Carnegie〕Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist who amassed a fortune in the steel industry and donated millions of dollars for the benefit of the public.卡内基，安德鲁：(1835-1919) 苏格兰裔美国工业家和慈善家，靠钢铁工业聚积了大量财富，并为公共福利捐款数百万美元〔embody〕"As John Adams embodied the old style, Andrew Jackson embodied the new"(Richard Hofstadter)“正象约翰·阿达姆斯体现了旧风格，安德鲁·杰克逊体现了新风格”(理查德·霍夫施塔特)〔Memphis〕A city of southwest Tennessee on the Mississippi River near the Mississippi border. Established and named (1819) by Andrew Jackson on the site of a fort built in 1797, it was an important Union base after its capture by federal troops in 1862 during the Civil War. Memphis is today a major port and a tourist center famous for its associations with blues music. Population, 610,337.孟菲斯：美国田纳西州西南部一城市，位于密西西河边，接近密西西比州边界。由安德鲁·杰克逊于1797年在要塞的所在地建立起来，并给该城命名(1819年）。在内战期间于1862年被联邦军队占领后，就成了联邦的一个重要基地。今天，孟菲斯是一个主要港口，并成为以布希鲁斯音乐闻名的旅游中心。人口610,337〔Androcles〕A legendary Roman slave held to have been spared in the arena by a lion that remembered him as the man who had once removed a thorn from its paw.安德鲁克里斯：传说中罗马的一个奴隶在竞技场上不为狮子所伤害，因为狮子记得他曾为其拔去足中的刺〔Henry〕American fur trader who explored the Snake and Yellowstone rivers and founded the first American outpost in the Rocky Mountains (1810).亨利，安德鲁：(1755?-1833) 美国皮货交易商，他探索了斯内克河与黄石河，1810年建立了美国在落基山脉的第一个边区村落〔Beard〕American cookery expert widely considered to be one of the foremost authorities on American cuisine.比尔德，詹姆斯·安德鲁：(1903-1985) 美国烹饪专家，普遍认为是美国烹饪术的重要权威之一〔Fisher〕Australian politician who served three terms as prime minister between 1908 and 1915 and was Australian high commissioner in London (1916-1921).费歇尔，安德鲁：(1862-1928) 澳大利亚政治家，在1908年至1915年间任了三届首相，曾是驻伦敦的澳大利亚高级代表（1916-1921年）〔Young〕American diplomat and politician. Director of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1964-1970), he later served as U.S. ambassador to the United Nations (1977-1979) and as mayor of Atlanta (1981-1989).扬，小安德鲁·杰克逊：(生于 1932) 美国外交家和政治家，曾任南方基督教领导联合会的会长(1964-1970年），后来任美国驻联合国大使(1977-1979年）和亚特兰大市长(1981-1989年）〔Pensacola〕A city of extreme northwest Florida onPensacola Bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico. Originally settled by the Spanish in 1559, the city passed back and forth between the Spanish, French, and British until it was captured by Andrew Jackson in 1814 during the War of 1812. It formally became part of the United States in 1821. Population, 58,165. 彭萨科拉城：美国佛罗里达州西北一城市，濒临墨西哥湾的一个海湾佩沙科拉湾， 西班牙人于1559年首先在此定居，它曾由西班牙人、法国人和英国人轮番控制直到1812年爆发的英美战争中由安德鲁·杰克逊率军于1814年占领为止，并于1821年并入美国。人口58,165 〔Marvell〕English metaphysical poet whose frequently satirical work includes the poems "To His Coy Mistress" (1650) and "The Definition of Love" (1681).马韦尔，安德鲁：(1621-1678) 英国玄学派诗人，其讽刺性作品包括诗歌“致羞涩的情人”(1650年）和“爱的定义”(1681年）〔Butler〕American army officer and politician. His harsh rule as military governor of New Orleans (May-December 1862) led to charges of corruption and Butler's removal. He later opened the impeachment proceedings against President Andrew Johnson (1868).巴特勒，本杰明·富兰克林：(1818-1893) 美国军官和政治家。他在新奥尔良担任军政首长时的铁腕政治(1862年5月-9月）导致了关于腐败的指控和巴特勒政府的消亡。后来他展开了对安德鲁·约翰逊总统的弹劾活动（1868年）〔Volstead〕American legislator. As a U.S. representative from Minnesota (1903-1923) he sponsored the Volsted Act (1919), prohibiting the sale, manufacture, and transportation of alcoholic beverages.沃尔斯特德，安德鲁·约翰：(1860-1947) 美国议员。作为明尼苏达州众议员(1903-1923年），他支持沃尔斯特德法案(1919年）禁止销售、制造和运输酒精饮料〔Borden〕American woman accused and acquitted of the ax murder of her parents (1892).伯登，莉齐·安德鲁：(1860-1927) 因用斧子杀害她双亲而被控告和宣告无罪的美国妇女（1892年）〔Eaton〕American socialite whose snubbing by Washington society for her rumored premarital relations with her future husband, U.S. Secretary of WarJohn H. Eaton (1790-1856), led to his resignation (1831) and discord between President Andrew Jackson and his cabinet. 伊顿，玛格丽特·奥尼尔：(1796?-1879) 美国社交界名人，因与未婚夫，美国国防大臣约翰伊顿 (1790-1856年）婚前发生的传闻，而遭到华盛顿上层社会的冷落，其夫因此辞职(1831年），并导致安德鲁·杰克逊总统和其内阁的不和 |
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