| 单词 | 宇航员 |
| 释义 | 〔glitch〕Although in retrospectglitch seems to be a word that people would always have found useful, it is first recorded in English in 1962in the writing of John Glenn:"Another term we adopted to describe some of our problems was ‘glitch.’”Glenn then gives the technical sense of the word the astronauts had adopted:"Literally, a glitch is a spike or change in voltage in an electrical current.”In this very passage we see how the word moved from its narrow, technical electronic sense to a more general sense, even if the astronauts were not necessarily the first to extend the meaning ofglitch. Since then the word has passed beyond technical useand now covers a wide variety of malfunctions and mishaps.回溯历史，尽管glitch 似乎是一个向来有用的单词， 但是直到1962年它才首次在英语中有记录，在约翰·格林著作中：“我们所采用的另一个用来描述我们的问题的词汇是‘glitch’”。格林给这个词下了为宇航员所采用的专业定义， “严格来说，glitch是指电流中电压受阻或变化。”。在这里，即使宇航员不一定是第一个引申了glitch 的含义，可是我们看到这个词是如何从它狭义的电子技术上的意义发展到更普遍的意义。 此后这个词超出了技术上的使用范围，现在可指多种功能故障和灾祸〔astronaut〕A person trained to pilot, navigate, or otherwise participate in the flight of a spacecraft.宇航员：在宇宙飞船的飞行中训练来导航，驾驶航天飞机，或参与其它活动的人员〔shuttlecraft〕A reusable space vehicle for transporting astronauts or material back and forth; a space shuttle.航天飞机：一种往返运送宇航员或材料的可重复使用的太空运输工具；航天飞船〔Armstrong〕American astronaut who as commander of Apollo 11 became the first human being to walk on the moon (July 20, 1969).阿姆斯壮，奈尔·奥尔登：(生于 1930) 美国宇航员，他森身为阿波罗11号指挥官，成为第一个登上月球的人（1969年7月20日）〔Aldrin〕American astronaut who as a crew member of Apollo 11 became the second human being to walk on the moon (July 20, 1969).奥尔德林，小艾德温·尤金：(生于 1930) 美国宇航员，为阿波罗11号的成员之一，是第二个在月球漫步的人（1969年7月20日）〔decondition〕To cause to decline from a condition of physical fitness, as through a prolonged period of inactivity or, in astronauts, through weightlessness in space.使健康恶化：使健康状况恶化，如由于长时期的缺乏运动或由于宇航员在太空中失重〔Glenn〕American astronaut and politician. On February 20, 1962, aboardFriendship 7, he became the first American to orbit the earth. He was elected U.S. senator from Ohio in 1974, 1980, and 1986. 格伦，小约翰·赫歇尔：(生于 1921) 美国宇航员、政治家。在1962年2月20日乘友谊7号 航天飞船进行轨道飞行，成为第一个绕地球轨道飞行的美国人。他先后于1974年、1980年和1986年当选为俄亥俄州的参议员 〔Gagarin〕Soviet cosmonaut. In 1961 he became the first person to travel in space. He was killed while flying a routine aircraft training mission.加加林，尤利·阿列克谢耶维奇：(1934-1968) 1961年第一个进入宇宙空间的苏联宇航员，在一次飞机试飞中遇难〔brief〕briefed the astronauts before the mission.行动前简单地向宇航员介绍情况〔cosmodrome〕blend of kosmonaut [cosmonaut] * see cosmonaut 混合了 kosmonaut [苏联宇航员] * 参见 cosmonaut〔walk〕The self-controlled extravehicular movement in space of an astronaut.太空步：宇航员在宇宙空间宇宙飞船外的自我控制的运动〔Langley〕American astronomer and aviation pioneer who built the first successful heavier-than-air flying machines. He directed the Smithsonian Institution from 1887 to 1906.兰利，塞缪尔·皮尔伯恩特：(1834-1906) 美国宇航员和飞机制造业先驱，他成功地制造了了第一架比空气重的飞行器。于1887年至1906年间领导史密森学会〔Shepard〕American astronaut who on a 15-minute flight on May 5, 1961, became the first American in space. He also commanded the Apollo 14 mission to the moon (1971).谢巴德，小阿朗·巴特利特：(生于 1923) 美国宇航员，他在1961年5月5日的一次15分钟飞行中，成为第一个进入太空的美国人。他还指挥了阿波罗14登月计划(1971年）〔Barnard〕American astronomer and pioneer in photography noted for the discovery of Jupiter's fifth satellite (1892) and Barnard's star (1916), the second-nearest star system to the sun.巴纳德，爱德华·埃默森：(1857-1923) 美国宇航员和摄影技术的先驱。因发现木星的第五颗卫星（1892年）和巴纳德星（1916年）（距太阳第二近的星系）而闻名〔moonwalk〕A walk on the surface of the moon by an astronaut.月面漫步：由宇航员进行的在月球表面上的行走〔cosmonaut〕A Soviet astronaut.苏联宇航员：苏联宇航员〔crewmate〕A fellow member of a crew, especially of a crew of astronauts.同事：船上、飞机等工作人员的同事关系，尤指宇航员间的同事关系〔backpack〕a parachute in a backpack; an astronaut's backpack.背伏降落伞包；宇航员背包〔jetpack〕A backpack that is maneuvered by jets and permits an astronaut to move about alone in space away from a spacecraft.背包：装有喷气式动力装置且可以使宇航员在离开宇宙飞船后能独自在宇宙空间行走的背包〔testify〕the exhilaration of weightlessness, to which many astronauts have testified.许多宇航员都证实了失重的兴奋感 |
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