| 单词 | 士兵们 |
| 释义 | 〔superhuman〕"soldiers driven mad by superhuman misery"(John Reed)“被不可思议的痛苦逼得发狂的士兵们”(约翰·里德)〔furlough〕The soldiers had their furloughs in their breast pockets.士兵们的贴身口袋里装着休假证〔temper〕soldiers who had been tempered by combat.经过战斗锻炼的士兵们〔police〕The soldier or soldiers assigned to a specified maintenance duty.内务值勤人员，勤务兵：被指派负责某一特定维持任务的士兵或士兵们〔banquette〕A platform lining a trench or parapet wall on which soldiers may stand when firing.射击踏垛：排有壕沟或胸墙的平台，士兵们站在其上射击〔ease〕put the soldiers at ease while waiting for inspection.等待检阅时让士兵们稍息〔ready〕soldiers with machine guns at the ready; students with notebooks at the ready.配备有机枪的士兵们；准备好笔记本的学生们〔soldier〕Why do soldiers fight?One answer is hidden away in the wordsoldier itself. Its first recorded occurrence is found in a work composed around 1300,the word having come into Middle English (assoudier ) from Old French soudoior and Anglo-Norman soudeour. The Old French word,first recorded in the 12th century,is derived fromsol or soud, Old French forms of Modern French sou. There is no longer a French coin namedsou, but the meaning of the wordsou alerts us to the fact that money is involved. Indeed, Old Frenchsol referred to a coin and also meant "pay,”and asoudoior was a man who fought for pay. This was a concept worth expressing in an era when many men were not paid for fighting but did it in service to a feudal superior.Thussoldier is parallel to the word mercenary, which goes back to Latinmercēnnārius, derived frommerces, "pay,” and meaning "working for pay.”The word could also be used as a noun,one of whose senses was "a soldier of fortune.”士兵们为什么而打仗?其中一个答案就隐藏在soldier 这个单词里面。 在大约1300年的一本著作中发现了这个词的最早记载。这个词由古法语的soudoior 和盎格鲁诺曼底语中的 soudeour 进入中古英语（形式为 soudier )。 古法语中的这个单词，最早记录于12世纪，是由sol 或 soud ，现代法语单词 sou 的古法语形式衍变而来的。 已经没有叫做sou 的法国硬币了， 但是单词sou 的意思使我们意识到这和钱有关。 实际上，古法语中的sol 指的是一枚硬币， 也意味着“报酬”，而soudoior 是一个为了报酬而打仗的人。 在许多人打仗并没有得到报酬而是给封建王服役的时代里，这种概念是值得表达出来的。这样，士兵(soldier) 类似于 雇佣兵(mercenary) ， 可以追溯到拉丁文mercennarius ， 由merces “报酬”衍变而来， 意思是“为报酬而工作”。这个词也能当名词使用，其中的一个意思是“雇佣兵”〔group〕The soldiers began to group on the hillside.士兵们开始在山腰聚集〔impetuous〕The soldiers made a headlong rush for cover.士兵们不顾一切冲向掩蔽所。〔open〕soldiers opening ranks.士兵们错开队伍〔forage〕soldiers foraging near an abandoned farm.士兵们到附近一个废弃的农场劫掠食物 |
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