| 单词 | 在其上 |
| 释义 | 〔author〕The verbauthor, which had been out of use for a long period, has been rejuvenated in recent years with the sense "to assume responsibility for the content of a published text.” As such it is not quite synonymous with the verbwrite ; one can write, but not author, a love letter or an unpublished manuscript,and the writer who ghostwrites a book for a celebrity cannot be said to have "authored" the creation. The sentenceHe has authored a dozen books on the subject was unacceptable to 74 percent of the Usage Panel, probably because it implies that the fact of having a book published is worthy of special lexical distinction, a notion that sits poorly with conventional literary sensibilities,and which seems to smack of press agentry.The sentenceThe Senator authored a bill limiting uses of desert lands in California was similarly rejected by 64 percent of the Panel, though here the usage is common journalistic practice,and is perhaps justified by the observation that we do not expect that legislators will actually write the bills to which they attach their names. ·The verbcoauthor is well established in reference to scientific and scholarly publications, where it serves a useful purpose,since the people listed as authors of such works routinely include research collaborators who have played no part in the actual writing of the text,but who are nonetheless entitled to credit for the published results.动词author， 很长一段时间不再使用， 近年来又以“对某一出版作品的内容负有责任”的含义重新起用。因此，它已不完全同动词write 同义； 一个人可以写一封求爱信或未出版的草稿，但不是作者，某一人即使雇人写出一篇杰作也不能说是“创作”了作品。对句子他已就这个论题创作了十二部作品 74%的用法专题小组不能接受， 可能因为它暗示着一个事实，即一本已出版的书一定有特别的词汇意义上区别的价值，这是与传统文学观念不太相容的概念，并带有出版机构的意味。此句参议员提出了一个限制使用加利福尼亚地区沙漠土地的议案 ，同样有64%的用法专题小组成员不能接受， 虽然这里这种用法是新闻界实践的惯用。这恐怕是因为我们并不希望立法人员真的是写作一项议案然后在其上署上他们的名字吧。·动词coauthor 是在科学及学术发表论文的意义上建立的， 这里这个词的使用有一个重要意义，因为创作者名单上列出作为这部作品创作者的人通常包括共同研究人员，既使他们实际上并未参加写作，但不可否认地对出版物的结果做出了贡献〔staff〕A pole on which a flag is displayed; a flagstaff.旗在其上被展开的杆；旗杆〔canvas〕A piece of such fabric on which a painting, especially an oil painting, is executed.画布：一块这样的帆布织物，人们可在其上作画，尤指油画〔mold〕A frame or model around or on which something is formed or shaped.模子：一种框架或模型在其周围或在其上某物被塑造或成形〔banquette〕A platform lining a trench or parapet wall on which soldiers may stand when firing.射击踏垛：排有壕沟或胸墙的平台，士兵们站在其上射击〔electrophoretogram〕A record of the results of an electrophoresis, such as a filter paper on which the components of a mixture are deposited as they migrate under the influence of an electric field.电泳图：电泳结果的记录图，比如一个混合物的成分在电场的作用下移动而沉积在其上的滤纸〔spot〕A playing card with a specified number of such marks on it indicating its value.纸牌数字：在其上具有特定标志的数字以示其价值的纸牌〔ramada〕An openwork trellis, constructed over a walkway, onto which climbing plants are trained.露天棚架：修建于人行道上方的露天棚架，攀援植物在其上培植〔toss〕To mix (a salad) lightly so as to cover with dressing.拌（食物）：轻轻地搅拌（沙拉），以便在其上加上佐料〔pasquinade〕after Pasquino , nickname given to a statue in Rome, Italy, on which lampoons were posted 源自 Pasquino ，意大利罗马一雕像的绰号，在其上贴有讽刺文 〔chassis〕The frame on which a gun carriage moves forward and backward.炮底架：炮架在其上前后移动的炮底架〔substrate〕The material or substance on which an enzyme acts.被酶作用：酶在其上进行作用的物质〔axle〕A supporting shaft or member on or with which a wheel or a set of wheels revolves.车轴，轮轴：一个轮子或一组轮子在其上或围绕其转动的支撑杆或部件〔tracing〕A reproduction made by superimposing a transparent sheet and copying the lines of the original on it.描摹、映写：用一张透明纸张覆盖并在其上描画原来的线条而制成的复制品〔forge〕A furnace or hearth where metals are heated or wrought; a smithy.锻铁炉：一种熔炉或熔床，金属可在其上高温加热并锻打成形；锻铁炉〔tightrope〕A tightly stretched rope, usually of wire, on which acrobats perform high above the ground.绷索：通常用金属丝制成的拉得很紧的绳索，杂技演员高高地离开地面在其上表演〔bedside〕Of, relating to, or carried out near a bed:床附近的、与之相关的或在其上进行的：〔blackboard〕A smooth, hard, dark-colored panel for writing on with chalk.黑板：能用粉笔在其上书写的光滑、硬质、深色的板〔grapevine〕A vine on which grapes grow.葡萄藤：葡萄在其上生长的藤〔seat〕The surface or part on which another part sits or rests.支座：另一部分坐落在或安置在其上的表面或部分〔heelpost〕The post to which a door or gate is hinged.门侧铰栓：门或大门依铰链固定在其上的柱子〔catafalque〕A decorated platform or framework on which a coffin rests in state during a funeral.灵柩台：葬礼期间在其上停放棺材的一个经过装饰的台子或架子〔slipway〕A sloping surface leading down to the water, on which ships are built or repaired.滑道：延伸到水里的倾斜面，船只在其上修造或维护〔runner〕A device in or on which a mechanism slides or moves, as:滑行装置：机械能在其上滑行或移动的装置，如：〔espalier〕A trellis or other framework on which an espalier is grown.攀架或者其它框架：墙树，树篱可长在其上的格子或框架〔sewing〕The article on which one is working with needle and thread; needlework.缝纫物：以针和线在其上工作的物品；针线制品〔seating〕The member or part on or within which another part is seated.底座：在其上或其内部放置另一部分的元件或部件〔racetrack〕A usually oval, specially surfaced course on which races are held.跑道：一种通常是椭圆形、铺有特殊的路面的跑道，在其上进行赛跑〔autograph〕To write one's name or signature on or in; sign.亲笔签字：在其上或其里亲笔写上某人的名字；签字〔pivot〕A short rod or shaft on which a related part rotates or swings.枢，轴：一根短杆或轴，相关的部分可在其上转动或摇摆〔brazier〕A cooking device consisting of a charcoal or electric heating source over which food is grilled.烤炉：可在其上烤熟食物的用煤炭和电热源的炊具〔subgrade〕The level layer of rock or earth upon which the foundation of a road or railway is laid.路基，地基：在其上铺设路的基础或铁路道碴的岩石或泥土的水平层〔minaret〕A tall, slender tower on a mosque, having one or more projecting balconies from which a muezzin summons the people to prayer.伊斯兰教寺院的尖塔：清真寺上高而细的塔，上有一个或多个突出的阳台，阿訇在其上为朝拜的人们布道〔spindle〕A rod or pin, tapered at the ends, on which fibers are spun by hand into thread and then wound.锭子：手工纺纱中的两头尖、中间粗的圆杆或针，纱被纺成线后就绕在其上〔moussaka〕A Greek dish consisting of layers of ground lamb or beef and sliced eggplant topped with a cheese sauce and baked.肉末烤茄片：一道希腊菜肴，一层碎羊肉或牛肉加茄子片并在其上加干酪酱并烘烤而成〔positive〕A photographic image in which the lights and darks appear as they do in nature.正片：明暗在其上的显示与在自然中一样的影像〔sandlot〕Of, relating to, or played in a sandlot:空地的，沙地的：儿童游戏场地的、与之有关的、或在其上运动的：〔underskirt〕One skirt of a layered gown over which outer skirts are formed and draped.衬裙：分层罩袍的一层裙子，外裙在其上形成和覆盖〔orbiter〕Something that orbits, especially a spacecraft that orbits a planet or moon without landing on it.轨道飞行器：循轨道飞行的物体，尤指循一行星或月球运行而不在其上着陆的宇宙飞船〔mount〕An undercarriage or stand on which a device rests while in service.底座：在使用时将设备固定在其上的底座或支撑物 |
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