| 单词 | 同源 |
| 释义 | 〔homogenous〕Of or exhibiting homogeny.同源的，同源发生的〔synapsis〕The side-by-side association of homologous paternal and maternal chromosomes during the early prophase of meiosis.接合，联合：在成熟分裂的前期时父方染色体与母方同源染色体的等同的联会〔asynapsis〕The failure of homologous chromosomes to pair during meiosis.不联会：在减数分裂期间同源染色体不联会成对〔translocation〕A transfer of a chromosomal segment to a new position, especially on a nonhomologous chromosome.染色体易位：一个染色体向一个新位置的易位，尤指移向一个非同源染体〔monogenetic〕Relating to or exhibiting monogenesis.一元发生的：关于或显示出同源的〔autopolyploid〕An organism having more than two sets of chromosomes, all of which were derived from the same species.同源多倍体：有着两套以上衍生于同一种类的染色体的有机体〔brachium〕An arm or a homologous anatomical structure, such as a flipper or wing.臂的同源结构：臂或同源的解剖结构，如鳍状肢或翅膀〔consanguineous〕Of the same lineage or origin; having a common ancestor.同宗的：同血统或同源；有共同祖先的〔absquatulate〕The vibrant energy of American English sometimes appears in the use of Latin affixes to create jocular pseudo-Latin "learned" words.There is a precedent for this in the language of Shakespeare,whose plays contain scores of made-up Latinate words.Midlandabsquatulate has a prefix ab-, "away from,” and a suffix-ate, "to act upon in a specified manner,” affixed to a nonexistent base form-squatul-, probably suggested bysquat. Hence the whimsicalabsquatulate, "to squat away from.” Another such coinage is Northernbusticate, which joins bust with -icate by analogy with verbs like medicate. Southernargufy joins argue to a redundant -fy, "to make; cause to become.” These creations are largely confined to regions of the United States where change is slow,and where the 19th-century love for Latinate words and expressions is still manifest.For example, Appalachian speech is characterized by the frequent use ofrecollect, aggravate, oblige, and other such words. 美国英语的创造力有时表现在用拉丁文词缀去创造滑稽的假拉丁文“文雅”的单词。莎士比亚的语言是一先行者，他的戏剧中有大量创造出来的拉丁词。中部地区的absquatulate 有一前缀 ab-， 表“离开，走开，” 和一个后缀-ate， 表“以特殊方式行事，” 这些再加在一个不存在的词根上-squatul-， 也许是由squat 而来的。 所以奇特的absquatulate 表“走开，离开。” 另外一个这样的造词是从北部的busticate 来的，这是把 bust 加上 -icate 变来的，如同源动词 medicate。 南部的argufy 把 argue 加上多余的 -fy， 意为“变成；使成为”。 这种造词只见于美国变化较慢的地区，在那儿仍保持了19世纪那种喜好拉丁语词语的习惯。比如在阿巴拉契亚地区的语言中，如同recollect，aggravate，oblige 和其他这样一些词经常被使用的 〔syngeneic〕syngeneic grafts; syngeneic animals.同源嫁接；同系的动物〔homozygote〕An organism that has the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.纯合子：在同源染色体上某一特定基因座有相同等位基因的生物体〔monoculture〕A single, homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.单文化：一种没有多样性或派性分歧的同源文化〔crossover〕A characteristic resulting from the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.交换特征：由减数分裂期内同源染色体之间的遗传物质的交换而产生的特征〔bivalent〕A pair of homologous, synapsed chromosomes associated together during meiosis.二价染色体：在成熟分裂时联在一起的一对同源、联会染色体〔heterozygote〕An organism that has different alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.杂合体：在同源染色体的某一特定基因位点上有不同的等位基因的有机体〔autopolyploid〕Having more than two sets of chromosomes all derived from the same species.同源多倍体的：有着衍生于同一种类的两套以上染色体的〔phase〕A discrete homogeneous part of a material system that is mechanically separable from the rest, as is ice from water.相：在物质上有分别的同源体系，这个体系在物理上是可以分辨的，如冰和水〔isogenous〕Having the same or similar origin, as organs or parts derived from the same embryonic tissue.同源的：有相同或近似的本源的，如从相同的胚胎组织发展而来的器官或部分〔homozygous〕Having the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.纯合的：在同源染色体上某一特定基因座有相同等位基因的〔homophyly〕Resemblance arising from common ancestry.同源相似性：由于共同祖先而引起的相似〔branchial〕Of, relating to, or resembling the gills of a fish, their homologous embryonic structures, or the derivatives of their homologous parts in higher animals:鳃的，鳃状的：属于、有关或类似于鱼鳃、其同源胚胎结构或高等动物同源结构衍生物的：〔syngeneic〕Genetically identical or closely related, so as to allow tissue transplant; immunologically compatible:同源的，同系的，免疫相容的：基因相同或紧密联系的，便于进行器官移植；免疫相容的：〔poison〕The phrasepoison potion besides being alliterative also consists of doublets, that is, two words that go back ultimately to the same source in another language.The source for both words is Latinpōtiō, which meant "the act of drinking, a drink, or a liquid dose, as of a medicine or poison.”Our wordpotion retains the form of the Latin word (actually the form of the stem pōtiōn- ) and the "dose" sense, although it passed through Old French (pocion ) on its way to Middle English ( pocion ), first recorded in a work composed around 1300.In Old Frenchpocion is a learned borrowing, one that was deliberately taken from Latin in a form corresponding to the Latin form.But the Latin word had also passed through Vulgar Latin into Old French in the different formpoison. This word meant "beverage,” "liquid dose,” and also "poison beverage, poison.”The wordpoison is first recorded in Middle English in a work composed around 1200. Poison potion 这一词组除了押头韵外还是由同源异形词构成的， 也就是两词最终可归结到另一种语言中的同一本源。这两个词的来源都是拉丁词potio , 意为“喝的行为、一种饮品或一定的液体剂量，如药或毒药。”我们今天所使用的potion 保留了这一拉丁词的形式（实际上是词干 potion- 的形式）和“药剂”的意思， 虽然它是经由古法语（pocion ）传入中古英语的（ pocion ）， 该中古英语记录最早见于1300年左右著成的一部著作中。在古法语中pocion 是一个学术性的借词， 该词是以一种和其拉丁文形式对应的形式主动从拉丁文中借用的。但这一拉丁词也已经以另一种形式通过俗拉丁语，即poison ，传入古法语。 这个词意为“饮料、”“液体剂量”以及“毒性的饮料、毒药。”Poison 这个词最早是在一部大约在1200年写成的著作中记进中古英语的。 〔tetrad〕A group of four chromatids formed from each of a pair of homologous chromosomes that split longitudinally during the prophase of meiosis.四分体：一组来自减数分裂中相互垂直分裂的一对同源染色体的四个染色单体〔paronymous〕Allied by derivation from the same root; having the same stem; for example,beautiful and beauteous. 同源的，同词根的：由同一词根派生而联系在一起的；有同样词根的；例如，beautiful 和 beauteous 〔clade〕A group of organisms, such as a species, whose members share homologous features derived from a common ancestor.进化枝，分化枝：一个有机体群体，其成员有从一个共同祖先获得的同源特征，如一个物种〔homological〕Homologous.同源的，相应的〔alula〕A small joint in the middle of a bird's wing, homologous with the thumb and bearing three or four quill-like feathers. Also called bastard wing ,spurious wing 小翼羽：鸟翅中部的小骨节，与大拇指同源，上有三四片羽毛 也作 bastard wing,spurious wing〔immunoassay〕A laboratory or clinical technique that makes use of the specific binding between an antigen and its homologous antibody in order to identify and quantify a substance in a sample.免疫分析：一种实验室或临床的技术，利用抗原和它的同源抗体之间的特殊连接而对样品中的微量物质进行鉴定并定量 |
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