| 单词 | 判断力 |
| 释义 | 〔sage〕Proceeding from or marked by wisdom and calm judgment:审慎的：从智慧和冷静的判断力而来或著名的：〔delude〕To deceive the mind or judgment of:欺骗，蒙蔽：误导…的想法或判断力：〔judgment〕Fatigue may affect a pilot's judgment of distances.疲劳可能会影响到飞行员对于距离的判断力〔dementia〕Deterioration of intellectual faculties, such as memory, concentration, and judgment, resulting from an organic disease or a disorder of the brain. It is often accompanied by emotional disturbance and personality changes.痴呆：智力能力，例如记忆力、精神集中的能力、判断力等的恶化，常因某器官病疾或头脑紊乱，引起经常伴随着情感波动和性情的变化〔heady〕Showing intelligence and good judgment; prudent:慎重的，机智的：表现出机智和良好判断力的；慎重的战术的：〔choice〕Election especially emphasizes the use of judgment in choosing: Election 特别强调选择时使用判断力： 〔insensate〕Lacking sense or the power to reason.缺乏理性或失去判断力的〔inept〕Displaying a lack of judgment, sense, or reason; foolish:愚蠢的：表现出缺乏判断力、理性或理智的；笨的：〔softheaded〕Lacking judgment, realism, or firmness.无主意的：缺乏判断力、现实性或坚定的意志的〔discernment〕The act or process of exhibiting keen insight and good judgment.洞察，认识；识别：表现出很强的识别力和很好的判断力的行为或过程〔prudent〕Wise in handling practical matters; exercising good judgment or common sense.精明的：精于处理实际事务的；运用良好的判断力或常识的〔understanding〕Characterized by or having comprehension, good sense, or discernment.有理解力的，有洞察力的：以具有良好的判断力、辨别力和洞察力为特点的〔reason〕An underlying fact or cause that provides logical sense for a premise or an occurrence:充分理由：给一个前提或事件提供逻辑判断力的基本事实或原因：〔sense〕Often senses Normal ability to think or reason soundly; correct judgment: 常作 senses 理智：正确地思考或推理的正常能力；正确的判断力：〔astute〕Having or showing shrewdness and discernment, especially with respect to one's own concerns.See Synonyms at shrewd 敏锐的，精明的：有或显示出精明和敏锐的理解力或判断力，尤指对与其相关的方面 参见 shrewd〔mature〕The child's judgment matures as she grows older.这孩子的判断力随着她年龄的增长而变得成熟〔reason〕"my salad days,/When I was green in judgment" (Shakespeare). “我那青春年少的时期/那时我的判断力还很稚嫩” （莎士比亚）。 〔redundancy〕The usages that critics have condemned as redundancies fall into several classes.In some cases,such asconsensus of opinion, close proximity, hollow tube, and refer back, the use of what is regarded as an unnecessary modifier or qualifier can sometimes be justified on the grounds that it in fact makes a semantic contribution.Thus ahollow tube can be distinguished from one that has been blocked up with deposits, and aconsensus of opinion can be distinguished from a consensus of judgments or practice. In other cases the use of the qualifier is harder to defend.Thus there is no way torevert without reverting back and noconsensus that is not general. · Sometimes recognition of redundancy may require familiarity with a foreign language.The expressionsSierra Mountains and Rio Grande River are indeed redundant for those who know Spanish, but the use of the wordsmountains and river may still serve some purpose when one is addressing an English-speaking audience. Occasionally, what originates as a redundant element may, through long use,become part of the established name of a thing.Thus a reference to the site of a famous World War II battle as "the El Alamein"incorporates three versions of the definite article, in English, Spanish, and Arabic.See Usage Note at close ,consensus ,cross section ,mental telepathy ,rarely ,refer 被评论家指责为冗长和重复的使用方法可分为几类。在某些情况下，如consensus of opinion,、close proximity、 hollow tube 和 refer back ， 这种不必要修饰或限定语的使用有时也不能完全否定，因为它们从语义上说还是有意义的。因此，一个空管子 可以与被装填物堵满的管子相区别， 观点的一致 可以与判断力或惯例的一致相区别。 在其它情况下类似修饰语的使用就不那么容易自圆其说了。因此，没有 reverting back 就没有办法 revert ， 没有 consensus 不是 general。 · 有时辨认出冗余需要对外语很熟悉。对于懂西班牙语的人来说 Sierra Mountains 和 Rio Grande River 这类说法是重复的， 但当对说英语的人讲话时，使用 mountains 和 river 还是有用的。 有时，一个刚产生时是多余的成份经过长时间使用后，可成为一个物体固定的一部分。因此当提到二战时叫做“阿拉曼战役”的著名战役时，在英语、西班牙语和阿拉伯语中的定冠词的三种形式取得了一致 参见 close,consensus,cross section,mental telepathy,rarely,refer〔undiscriminating〕Lacking sensitivity, taste, or judgment.无鉴别力的：缺乏感受性、体验或判断力的〔disorientation〕Loss of one's sense of direction, position, or relationship with one's surroundings.迷失方向，迷惑：失去了方向、位置或与某个周围环境的关系的判断力〔wisdom〕"It is a characteristic of wisdom not to do desperate things"(Henry David Thoreau)“不做孤注一掷的事情是具有好的判断力的一个特点”(亨利·戴维·梭罗)〔perspicacity〕Acuteness of perception, discernment, or understanding.聪明，敏锐：敏锐的洞察力、判断力或理解力〔discriminating〕Showing careful judgment or fine taste:鉴赏力：表现出谨慎的判断力或很好的鉴赏力：〔wisdom〕Common sense; good judgment:常识；好的判断力：〔defer〕To submit to the opinion, wishes, or decision of another through respect or in recognition of his or her authority, knowledge, or judgment.See Synonyms at yield 服从，遵从：出于尊敬他本人或由于承认他的权威、学识或判断力，听从他的意见，遵从他的愿望，服从他的决定 参见 yield〔shrewd〕These adjectives mean having or showing keen awareness, sound judgment, and often resourcefulness, especially in practical matters.这些形容词都表示具有或显示出敏锐的感知力、合理的判断力以及通常需要的应变力，尤指在实际事务中。〔simpleton〕A person who is felt to be deficient in judgment, good sense, or intelligence; a fool.呆子：一个被认为在判断力、理智或智力上有缺陷的人；傻子〔arbitrary〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "determined by or arising from whim or caprice rather than judgment or reason": 这些形容词共有的中心意思是“由冲动或奇想而非判断力或推理决定或得出的”： 〔reason〕"At twenty years of age, the will reigns;at thirty, the wit;and at forty, the judgment" (Benjamin Franklin).See also Synonyms at cause ,mind ,think “二十岁的时候，主导是意志；三十岁时，是智慧；四十岁时，则是判断力” （本杰明·富兰克林） 参见同义词 cause,mind,think〔judgment〕The capacity to assess situations or circumstances and draw sound conclusions; good sense:判断力，明智，见识：对处境或周围环境作出估计并且得出明智结论的能力；辨别是非的能力：〔reason〕Good judgment; sound sense.判断力：良好的判断力；可靠的理智〔injudicious〕Lacking or showing a lack of judgment or discretion; unwise.不明智的：缺乏或表现出缺乏判断力或慎重的；不明智的〔senile〕In earlier writings one finds phrases such as "asenile maturity of judgment" and "green and vigorous senility, ” demonstrating that these two words have not always been burdened with their current negative connotations. Senile and senility are examples of pejoration, the process by which a word's meaning changes for the worse over time.Even thoughsenile (first recorded in 1661) and senility (first recorded in 1778) initially had neutral senses such as "pertaining to old age,” it is probable that the weakness (in particular the mental weakness) that sometimes accompanies old age eventually caused negative senses to predominate.Certainly some pejorative associations were present in Latinsenīlis, "relating to an old man, aged,” the ultimate source of both words, and in related Latin words such assenēscere, which could mean "to deteriorate with age.” But it seems that pejorative associations have taken over these words in English through general usage,perhaps because average life expectancy has risen steadily over the years.在较早的文学作品中人们可以找到形如“判断力Senile（老练） 成熟”和“精力旺盛的有魄力的 Senility（老态龙钟） ”的短语，表明这两个词一直没有表示他们流行的消极的含义。 Senile 和 senility 是词义转贬的范例， 即一个词的意思随时间变化变得越来越坏。尽管senile （首次记载于1661年）和 senility （首次记载于1778年）最初具有中性的意义，例如“关于老年的”， 可能是伴随老年出现的衰弱（特别是智力衰弱）最终导致了反面的意思居支配地位。当然有一些词义转贬的联系表现在拉丁文中的senilis （“关于老人的，老年的”），是这两个词的最早的词源， 和与之相关的拉丁词如senecer ，意为“随年纪恶化”。 但是看起来在英语中通过广泛的使用词义转贬的联系已经取代了这些词，可能是由于平均估计寿命随时代发展稳步上升〔discernment〕Keenness of insight and judgment.识别能力；洞察力：敏锐的识别力和判断力〔judgment〕The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships; discernment:辨别力，判断力：能注意到并且区别开各种关系的心智能力；识别力，洞察力：〔choose〕 Choose implies the use of judgment in taking one of several persons, things, or courses of action: Choose 含有运用判断力在一些人、物或行为方式中选出一个的意思： |
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