| 单词 | 其自身 |
| 释义 | 〔immunity〕Exemption from legal prosecution, often granted a witness in exchange for self-incriminating testimony.豁免：法律诉讼豁免，通常给予目击证人以换取可能归罪于其自身的证词〔automatic〕The wordsautomatic pilot or automatic transmission bring to mind mechanical devices that operate with minimal human intervention. Yet the wordautomatic, which goes back to the Greek word automatos, "acting of one's own will, self-acting, of itself,” made up of two parts,auto-, "self,” and -matos, "willing,” is first recorded in English in 1748 with reference to motions of the body, such as the peristaltic action of the intestines: "The Motions are called automatic from their Resemblance to the Motions of Automata, or Machines, whose Principle of Motion is within themselves.”Although the writer had machines in mind,automatic could be used of living things, a use we still have, although not the primary one. The association ofautomatic chiefly with machinery may represent one instance of many in which we have come to see the world in mechanical terms. 这些单词automatic pilot 或 automatic transmission 带给我们只需最小人力介入即可操作的机械装置的意识。 但这个词automatic， 追溯至希腊单词 automatos， “以个人自身的意志行动，自我行动，” 由两部分组成，auto-， “自我的，”和 -matos， “意愿，” 以作为身体运动的含义于1748年首次记录于英语，如体内的肠蠕动： “这些运动被称为身体内自动的运动，是与机器运动的相似性得出的，其运动原理在于其自身内部。”虽然作者头脑中有机器印象，automatic 可以被用于生物，这种用法虽然不是基本的，但我们仍在使用。 主要将automatic 与机器相联系可能反映了我们眼中的世界越加机械化的情况 〔auxotrophic〕Requiring one or more specific substances for growth and metabolism that the parental organism was able to synthesize on its own. Used with respect to organisms, such as strains of bacteria, algae, or fungi, that can no longer synthesize certain growth factors because of mutational changes.有营养缺陷的：需求一种或多种用于有机体成长及代谢、其自身可以合成特定物质的。用于指如细菌菌株，水藻或真菌等因某种突变不能再合成特定生长因子的有机体〔autoimmune〕Of or relating to an immune response by the body against one of its own tissues or types of cells.自体免疫的：属于或有关于一种免疫反应的，即有机体对抗其自身的组织或细胞类型〔jackknife〕To fold or double (something or oneself) like a jackknife.折叠：折刀似的折拢或折叠（某物或其自身）〔contrapposto〕The position of a figure in painting or sculpture in which the hips and legs are turned in a different direction from that of the shoulders and head; the twisting of a figure on its own vertical axis.对应：在绘画或雕塑中将臀和腿转向肩和头不同方向的身体姿势；形体围绕其自身的垂直中轴线扭转〔confit〕Meat, such as duck, that has been salted and then cooked and preserved in its own fat.康非腌肉：盐腌制后再用其自身油脂煮熟并保存的肉，如鸭肉 |
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