| 单词 | 保留下来 |
| 释义 | 〔leftover〕Remaining as an unused portion or amount.剩余的，吃剩的，用剩的：保留下来的没有使用的份额或数量〔layaway〕An article reserved under such a plan.通过这种策略保留下来的物品〔empty〕In Old EnglishIc eom ǣmtig could mean "I am empty,” "I am unoccupied,” or "I am unmarried.” The sense "unoccupied, at leisure,” which did not survive Old English,points to the derivation ofǣmtig from the Old English word ǣmetta, "leisure, rest.” The wordǣmetta may in turn go back to the Germanic root mōt-, meaning "ability, leisure.”In any case, Old Englishǣmtig also meant "vacant,” a sense that was destined to take over the meaning of the word. Empty, the Modern English descendant of Old Englishǣmtig, has come to have the sense "idle,” so that one can speak of empty leisure.在古英语里，Ic eom cemfig 可以表示“我饿”，“我现在失业”或“我没有结婚。” “未占用的，空闲的”这个意思没有在古英语中保留下来，这表明æmtig ， 派生自古英语词 æmetta ，意为“空闲，休息”。 鎚etta 可以追溯到日耳曼语词根 mot-， 意为“能力，空闲”。无论如何，古英语æmtig 也表示“空的”， 这个意思是注定要取代这个词的意义。 Empty 这个古英语鎚tig 在现代英语中的变形具有了“空闲的”的意思， 所以我们可以说空闲〔winter〕Winter, spring, summer, fall.It is not too difficult to see how the season namesspring and fall came into being, but without some background information it is impossible to tell what the origins of the wordswinter and summer are. Summer goes back to the Indo-European root .sem-, meaning "summer.” From a suffixed form of this root came the prehistoric Common Germanic word.sumaraz, the ancestor of Old Englishsumor and its descendant, Modern English summer. This is the only Indo-European root referring to a season that has survived in an English name for a season.Of the other three,.wesr-, "spring,” has produced words such as vernal; ghyem-, "winter,” has given us words such as hibernate; andesen-, "harvest, fall,” has yielded earn ( from the prehistoric Common Germanic word.aznōn, "to do harvest work, serve"). Winter does, however, go back to the Indo-European root wed-, "water, wet.” From the formwe-n-d- of this root with the nasal infix -n- was derived the Germanic word .wintruz, with the underlying meaning "wet season" and the literal meaning "winter.”The Germanic word is the source of Old Englishwinter, the ancestor of Modern English winter. 冬，春，夏，秋。说出季节名spring 和 fall 的来历不是很难， 但如果没有一些背景知识，不可能知道winter 和 summer 的词源。 Summer 可追溯到印欧语中的词根 sem- ，意思是“夏天”。 给这个词根加后缀后又转化为史前的普通日尔曼词sumaraz， 这是古英语中sumor 的前身，由此又发展来现代英语中的 summer。 这是印欧语中表季节的词根在英语中作为季节名保留下来的唯一一个。另外三个wesr- “春”产生了象 vernal这类的词； ghyem-“冬”又给了我们单词 hibernate； esen- “收获，秋天”衍生出 earn ( 从史前的普通日尔曼词aznon “做收获的工作，服务”而来）。 然而winter 得追溯到印欧词根 wed- “水，湿的”。 由这个词根的we-n-d 形式和鼻音中缀 -n- 衍生出日尔曼语词 wintruz， 其隐含的意思是“湿润的季节”和字面意义“冬天”。这个日尔曼词是古英语中winter 的前身，也是现代英语 winter 的前身 〔reserve〕A fighting force kept uncommitted until strategic need arises.后备军人：未投入战斗而保留下来直至产生战略性需要的作战力量〔nation〕"Historically the Ukrainians are an ancient nation which has persisted and survived through terrible calamity"(Robert Conquest)“从历史上来说，乌克兰民族是一个从可怕的灾难中幸免和保留下来的古老的民族”(罗伯特·康奎斯特) |
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