| 单词 | 保持 |
| 释义 | 〔exercise〕A task, problem, or other effort performed to develop or maintain fitness or increase skill:练习，操练：为提高或保持身体健康或增强技巧而完成的任务、难题或其他努力：〔track〕keeping track of the score; lost all track of time.保持得分时的感觉；丧失了所有的时间观念〔embalm〕"A precedent embalms a principle"(Benjamin Disraeli)“先例保持原则”(本杰明·迪斯累里)〔schizothymia〕Behavior or characteristics resembling schizophrenia in certain tendencies but remaining within the limits of normality.精神分裂气质：行为或特点在某种倾向上，象精神分裂症但又保持在正常范围内〔thermal〕Intended or designed in such a way as to help retain body heat:保热的：有意如此设计以助于保持体热的：〔maintain〕To keep up or carry on; continue:维持或保持；继续：〔peacekeeper〕One that preserves or promotes peace:和事佬：保持或加强和平的人：〔be〕To remain in a certain state or situation undisturbed, untouched, or unmolested:处于，持续：保持某一种状态不受干扰、没被触碰、没被干涉妨害：〔wait〕To remain or rest in expectation:期待，等待：期望中保持或休息：〔plasticizer〕Any of various substances added to plastics or other materials to make or keep them soft or pliable.增塑剂：加入塑料或其它材料中使其柔软或易弯或保持其柔软或易弯性的各种物质之一〔setback〕An automatically timed setting of a thermostat to a lower temperature, as in the home at night.恒温器：家中夜间使用的自动定时保持低温的恒温器〔homeostasis〕The ability or tendency of an organism or a cell to maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting its physiological processes.体内平衡：一个生物体或细胞通过调整其生理过程从而保持体内平衡的能力或趋势〔network〕An extended group of people with similar interests or concerns who interact and remain in informal contact for mutual assistance or support.人际网：有共同爱好或兴趣，并互相作用保持非正式交往以获得多方面帮助或支持的群体〔steady〕Used to direct a helmsman to keep a ship's head in the same direction:不离开正规航线：用作指挥舵手将船头保持在同一方向上：〔Tubman〕Liberian politician. As president of Liberia (1944-1971) he modernized the country and maintained a close relationship with the United States.杜伯曼，威廉·瓦卡纳雷特·萨德拉奇：(1895-1971) 利比里亚政治家，任利比里亚总统期间(1944-1971年）实现了国家现代化并与美国保持密切关系〔manor〕from Latin manēre [to remain] * see men- 3源自 拉丁语 manēre [保持] * 参见 men- 3〔embalm〕To protect from change or oblivion; preserve or fix:铭记，使不被遗忘：防止变化或忘记；保持或牢记：〔keep〕To remain in a state or condition; stay:保持，维持：保持某种状态或情况；保持：〔Tyson〕American prizefighter. In 1986 he became the youngest ever to win the world heavyweight title, which he held until 1990. Repeatedly in trouble with the law, he was imprisoned from 1992 to 1995 after being convicted of rape.泰森，麦克·杰拉德：美国职业拳击手。1986年成为最年轻的重量级拳击手的世界冠军，并一直保持到1990年。屡次陷入法律问题，因强奸罪于1992年至1995年被移送法办坐牢〔buoyancy〕The tendency or capacity to remain afloat in a liquid or rise in air or gas.浮性：在液体中保持漂浮状态或在空气或气体中保持悬浮状态的趋势或能力〔maintenance〕The act of maintaining or the state of being maintained:保持：维持的动作或者被维持的状态：〔snood〕A small netlike cap worn by women to keep the hair in place.发网：妇女们戴来保持头发位置的小网状帽〔unabated〕Sustaining an original intensity or maintaining full force with no decrease:不减退的：维持原有强度或保持全部力量而无衰退：〔homolographic〕Maintaining the ratio of parts.等面积的：保持各部分比例关系的〔housebreak〕To train to have excretory habits that are acceptable for indoor living:训练（家犬，家猫等）保持卫生习惯：训练以使养成良好的排泄习惯而保持户内清洁：〔shim〕A thin, often tapered piece of material, such as wood, stone, or metal, used to fill gaps, make something level, or adjust something to fit properly.垫片：一种一端比另一端薄的薄片，由木头、石头或金属等材料制成，用于填补缝隙，使物体保持水平或调整某物使之能正好被容纳〔ecstasy〕"To burn always with this hard, gemlike flame, to maintain this ecstasy, is success in life" (Walter Pater).“总是燃着这样强烈的玉石一般的火焰，总保持这种极度的喜悦便是生活中的成功” （沃尔特·佩特尔）。〔appendicitis〕Even though the wordappendicitis was in use in 1885, the year in which theOxford English Dictionary published the section "Anta-Battening" that would have contained the word, the editor, James Murray, omitted this "crack-jaw medical and surgical word" on the advice of Oxford's Regius Professor of Medicine, Sir Henry Wentworth Acland.As K.M. Elisabeth Murray, the granddaughter and biographer of James Murray, points out,"The problem of what scientific words to include was a continuing one, and James Murray was always under pressure—from his advisers . . . who thought the emphasis should be on words from good literature and from those in the [Oxford University] Press who wanted to save cost and time—not to include scientific words of recent origin.”In 1902 no less a person than Edward VII had his appendix removed,and his coronation was postponed because of the operation.Appendicitis hence came into widespread use and has remained so, thereby pointing up the lexicographer's difficult task of selecting the new words that people will look for in their dictionaries.尽管appendicitis 这个词于1885年就已使用， 在这一年出版的牛津英语词典 的“安塔族-增长论”这一分册应包括有这个词， 但在牛津皇家医学院教授亨利·温特华斯·阿克兰的建议下，主编詹姆斯·莫雷删掉了这个“拗口的医学和外科用词”。正如詹姆斯·莫雷的孙女和传记作者K·M·伊莉莎白·莫雷指出的那样， “应包括什么科学用语是一个长期以来的问题，詹姆斯·莫雷经常遇到来自他的顾问的压力…他们认为重点应放到从好文学作品中收来的词汇上，还受到来自出版社的压力，他们为了节约成本和时间而不愿收录新近的科学词汇”。1902年恰恰正是爱德华七世割除了阑尾，他的加冕典礼也因为这次手术而延迟。Appendicitis 一词因此得到了普遍的使用并保持至今， 这也表明了词典编纂者在选择人们要查找的新单词时所面临的艰难任务〔limit〕"Liberty, too, must be limited in order to be possessed" (Edmund Burke).Torestrict is to keep within prescribed limits, as of choice or action: “为了维护自由，自由同样要受到限制 （埃德蒙·伯克）。Restrict 指保持在规定的范围内， 如选择或行动： 〔leave〕To cause or allow to be or remain in a specified state:维持：使或允许在或保持某一特定状态：〔head〕To remain calm; remain in control of oneself.保持冷静；保持对自身的克制〔bide〕To remain in a condition or state.保持一种情况或状态〔leave〕To cause or permit to be or remain attainable:允许：使或允许得到或保持得到：〔cerebellum〕The trilobed structure of the brain, lying posterior to the pons and medulla oblongata and inferior to the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres, that is responsible for the regulation and coordination of complex voluntary muscular movement as well as the maintenance of posture and balance.小脑：脑的三裂叶状组织，位于脑桥和延髓之后脑半球的枕叶下面，负责调节和协调复杂的自发肌肉运动，同时负责保持身体姿势的平衡〔permanent〕manēre [to remain] * see men- 3manēre [保持] * 参见 men- 3〔becket〕A device, such as a looped rope, hook and eye, strap, or grommet, used to hold or fasten loose ropes, spars, or oars in position.环索：一种类似于绳圈、钩子和线圈、皮带或金属索眼的装置，用于把松了的绳索、桅杆或桨保持或紧固在其位置上〔microfilament〕Any of the minute fibers located throughout the cytoplasm of cells, composed of actin and functioning primarily in maintaining the structural integrity of a cell.微丝，微纤丝：任何一种存在于细胞质内的微小纤维，由肌纤蛋白组成，其基本功能是保持一个细胞的结构的完整〔tenure〕from tenir [to hold] 源自 tenir [保持] 〔stand〕To assume or maintain an upright position as specified:立正：采取或保持特定的直立姿势：〔salami〕A highly spiced and salted sausage, either hard or soft in consistency.萨拉米香肠：一种加多种调味品的咸香肠，保持全硬或全软 |
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