| 单词 | 以致于 |
| 释义 | 〔exteriorize〕They had exteriorized their feelings of sympathy so much that it was hard to tell what they truly felt inside.他们满脸都是同情的神色以致于很难说他们内心真实的感受〔cursed〕So wicked and detestable as to deserve to be cursed.应受诅咒的：极其邪恶可憎以致于应受诅咒的〔overfish〕To fish a body of water so extensively as to exhaust the supply of fish or shellfish.捕捞过度：对某水体捕捞过度以致于用竭了鱼类或壳类动物的资源〔potbound〕Having grown too large for its container, resulting in matting or tangling of the roots. Used of a potted plant.根满盆的，盆缚的：长大得超过了其容器，以致于根都纠缠在一起的。用来指盆栽植物〔credible〕Credible is widely but incorrectly used where credulous would be appropriate, as inHe was credible (should be credulous ) enough to believe the manufacturer's claims. Credible 这一词在应该用 轻信的 这一词时被广泛而又不确切地使用了， 如在他太轻信任 （应该是 credulous ) 以致于相信了制造商的声明 〔lazy〕too lazy to wash the breakfast dishes;太懒以致于不愿洗早餐盘子；〔individuality〕She was so absorbed by the movement that she lost all sense of individuality.她过于热衷这项运动，以致于完全失去了自己的独特之处〔navigate〕He was too unsteady on his legs to navigate.他的腿太抖了以致于不能行走〔buccaneering〕Showing boldness and enterprise, as in business, often to the point of recklessness or unscrupulousness.勇敢冒险的：（做生意）勇敢的，好冒险以致于草率或不谨慎的〔perpetuity〕The condition of an estate that is limited so as to be inalienable either perpetually or longer than the period determined by law.永久所有权，永久不得转让权：房地产被限制以致于可永久地或比法律规定时间长的不得转让的状态〔miraculous〕So astounding as to suggest a miracle; phenomenal:令人惊奇的，非凡的：非常不寻常以致于暗含奇迹的意味；非凡的：〔burdensome〕"Old forms of government finally grow so oppressive that they must be thrown off" (Herbert Spencer). “政府的旧形式变得太暴虐了以致于必须被取缔” （赫伯特·斯潘塞）。〔ambiguous〕The professor's lectures were so abstruse that students tended to avoid them. What is 这个教授的课如此深奥以致于学生们常常逃课。 〔glut〕To flood (a market) with an excess of goods so that supply exceeds demand.使充斥：货物充斥（市场）以致于供大于求〔overweary〕So weary as to be totally exhausted.过于疲倦的：如此疲惫以致于彻底筋疲力尽的〔Uriah〕In the Old Testament, an officer in the Israelite army and the husband of Bathsheba. He was sent to die in battle so that David could marry his wife.乌利亚：在旧约中以色列军队中的一个军官，是拔示巴的丈夫。大卫送他到战场以致于大卫能娶他的妻子〔crowd〕To fill or occupy to overflowing:塞满，堆满：装满或塞满以致于过剩：〔prohibitive〕So high or burdensome as to discourage purchase or use:抑制的：太高昂或负担太重以致于阻止购买或使用的：〔impacted〕Wedged or packed in, so as to fill or block an organ or a passage:阻塞的：堵塞或挤在一起以致于填满或阻塞了一个器官或通道的：〔fathomless〕Too obscure or complicated to be understood.无法了解的：太晦涩或复杂以致于无法理解的〔trivial〕"I think all Christians . . . agree in the essential articles,and that their differences are trivial,and rather political than religious" (Samuel Johnson).Somethingtrifling is so unimportant or so small as to be scarcely worth notice: “我认为所有的基督徒…在主要问题上的意见是一致的，而他们的分歧都是不重要的，而且往往是政治方面的而非宗教方面的” （塞缪尔·约翰逊）。trifling 指的是某物太小或太不重要以致于几乎不值得注意： 〔interloper〕The wordinterloper comes to us from the days when England was embarking on the course that would lead to the British Empire. Interloper, first recorded in connection with the Muscovy Company, which was the earliest major English trading company (chartered in 1555),was soon being used as well in regard to the East India Company (chartered in 1600).Since these companies were monopolies,independent traders calledinterlopers were not wanted. The term is probably partly derived from Dutch,the language of one of the great trade rivals of the English at that time.Theinter- is simply a use of the prefix inter-, which English has borrowed from Latin,meaning "between, among.”The element-loper is probably related to the same element in landloper, "vagabond,” a word adopted from Dutchlandlooper, with the same sense and composed ofland, "land,” and lōper, from lōpen, "to run, leap.” The wordinterloper, first recorded around 1590, was too useful in a world of busybodies to be restricted to its original specialized senseand came to be used in the extended sense "busybody" in the 17th century.单词interloper 起源于英格兰向大英帝国演化的年代。 有关interloper 的记载最早与曼斯可维公司有联系。 这家公司是英国早期的主要贸易公司（设立于1555年）。随后这词又用于与东印度公司（设立于1600年）有关的方面。因为这两家公司都是垄断企业，因而不需要称interlopers 为独立经营者。 这一词条可能部分来源于荷兰语，当时英国主要贸易对手之一的语言。inter- 只是简单地作为前缀 inter- 使用， 这前缀是英语以拉丁语借用过来的，意为“在…之间，在…当中。”词素-loper 可能与“流浪汉” landloper 中的相同词素有关， 这个词从荷兰语landlooper 吸收过来， 意义不变，由“土地”land 和来自 lopen 意为“跑，跳”的 loper 组成。 interloper 一词最早约记载于1590年， 在充满多事者的世界里极为有用以致于不能局限于其原来的专有意思，在17世纪逐渐使用其引申义“爱管闲事的人”〔stifling〕Being of such a character or nature as to engender a feeling of stultification, repression, or suffocation:令人窒息的：具有这种特征以致于使人产生一种迟钝、压抑或窒息的感觉：〔criticize〕"The wrongs which we seek to condemn and punish have been so calculated, so malignant and so devastating that civilization cannot tolerate their being ignored because it cannot survive their being repeated" (Robert H. Jackson). “我们试图谴责和惩罚的那些不公正的事是如此地故意、有害和有破坏性，以致于人类文明无法容忍它们被忽略不计，因为它无法在它们重复发生后得以幸存” （罗伯特·H·杰克逊）。〔limit〕"a pardon, so restricted that none were likely to be forgiven save those who had done no wrong" (John Lothrop Motley). 请原谅，如此地严格限制以致于除了那些从没做过错事的人，没有人可饶恕 （约翰·洛特诺普·莫特列）。 〔excel〕 Transcend often implies the attainment of a level so high that comparison is hardly possible: Transcend 经常意味着达到如此高的水平以致于其它东西很难与其相比： 〔prim〕Precise or proper to the point of affectation; excessively decorous.一本正经：过于准确或合适以致于造作的；过分端庄的〔phobia〕A persistent, abnormal, or irrational fear of a specific thing or situation that compels one to avoid the feared stimulus.恐惧症：对某一特定事物或情况持续的、不正常的或不合情理的恐惧，以致于要避开这些引起恐惧的刺激物〔cot〕People might assume that there is nothing particularly exotic about the history of the wordcot. However,cot happens to be a good example of how words are borrowed from other cultures, becoming so firmly naturalized over time that they lose their émigré flavor. The British first encountered the object denoted bycot, a light frame strung with tapes or rope, in India, where their trading stations had been established as early as 1612.The wordcot, first recorded in English in 1634, comes fromkhāṭ, the Hindi name for the contrivance. During subsequent years,cot has been used to denote other types of beds, including in British usage a crib.人们也许会认为cot 这个词的词源毫无特别的异国情调， 但是cot 恰巧是这样一个好的例子——从别的文化中借来又变得如此根深蒂固，以致于随着时间推移其丢失了外来语的味道。 英国人首先遇到这种叫做cot 的穿有带子和绳子的框架是在印度， 他们早在1612年就在那里建了贸易站。单词cot 在英语中首先记录于1634年， 由印度语中表示这个东西的词khat 而来。 在以后的岁月中，cot 已被用来指其他类型的床， 包括英国表示摇篮的用法〔prohibitive〕So likely to win as to discourage competition:令人望而却步的：十分有可能获胜以致于阻止竞争的：〔crass〕So crude and unrefined as to be lacking in discrimination and sensibility.愚钝的：极度粗糙和拙劣的以致于缺乏辨别力和敏感性的〔indrawn〕"Her psychiatrist had pronounced her too tense and indrawn to endure a strange teacher"(Louis Auchincloss)“她的心理医生说由于她过于紧张和内向以致于不能适应新老师”(路易斯·奥金克洛斯)〔isocline〕An anticline or a syncline so tightly folded that the rock beds of the two sides are nearly parallel.等斜褶皱：紧凑地折叠在一起以致于基岩的两侧几乎平行的一条背斜或向斜〔favorable〕"Miracles are propitious accidents, the natural causes of which are too complicated to be readily understood" (George Santayana).“奇迹是有利的事件，是太复杂以致于难于理解的自然原因” （乔治·圣塔亚那）。〔serious〕Being of such import as to cause anxiety:严重的：如此重要以致于引起焦虑的：〔stupid〕The woman kept signaling that it was time to leave, but her escort was so dense that he just kept sitting there. 那女人不停地暗示该离开了，但他的护送者却是那样迟钝以致于一直坐在那儿不动 〔noticeable〕Einstein and Churchill were among the outstanding figures of the 20th century. What issalient is so prominent and consequential that it seems to leap out and claim the attention: 爱因斯坦和丘吉尔是20世纪杰出人物。 Salient 指非常显著和重要以致于跳出来引起注意： 〔joual〕London has Cockney;Liverpool has Scouse.Certain dialects often become so famous and distinctivethat they acquire names.Such is the case with the Canadian French dialect known in Quebec and in Maine asjoual or jooal. The name, derived from a regional dialect pronunciation of the wordcheval, "horse,” is applied to the rural French patois of Quebec.Canadian opinions differ as to whetherjoual is a "language" of its own or merely a regional French characterized by nonstandard grammar and heavy borrowing from English words and word order. 伦敦有伦敦东区土话；利物浦有利物浦方言。某些方言常常变得非常著名并且有特色，以致于需要有专门的名称。这种在魁北克省和缅因州被称为joual 或 jooal 的加拿大法语方言即是如此。 这个名字来源于cheval （即“马”）一词的地区方言性发音， 它指魁北克省农村地区的法语土话。对于joual 是一种独立的“语言”，还是仅仅是一种以不正规语法及许多英语外来词和词序为特征的地域性法语，加拿大人的看法不一 〔impasse〕A situation that is so difficult that no progress can be made; a deadlock or a stalemate:僵局：很困难以致于不能取得进展的局面；僵持或对峙：〔cuirass〕"A carefully primped irony, that cuirass of art in the early Eighties, is necessary—a distance so affected as to constitute a hopeless impediment to feeling"(Robert Hughes)"18世纪早期艺术的保护物——细心整饰的反语，是必需的——这一距离是如此的不自然以致于造成了对感觉的彻底失望的阻碍”(罗伯特·休斯) |
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