| 单词 | 不顾 |
| 释义 | 〔compulsion〕An irresistible impulse to act, regardless of the rationality of the motivation:冲动：无法抑制的冲动，不顾动机是否合理：〔omission〕from Latin omissus [past participle of] omittere [to disregard] * see omit 源自 拉丁语 omissus omittere的过去分词 [忽略，不顾] * 参见 omit〔who〕The traditional rules that determine the use ofwho and whom are relatively simple: who is used for a grammatical subject, where a nominative pronoun such as I or he would be appropriate, andwhom is used elsewhere. Thus, we writeThe actor who played Hamlet was there, sincewho stands for the subject of played Hamlet; andWho do you think is the best candidate? where who stands for the subject of is the best candidate. But we writeTo whom did you give the letter? sincewhom is the object of the preposition to; andThe man whom the papers criticized did not show up, sincewhom is the object of the verb criticized. ? Considerable effort and attention are required to apply the rules correctly in complicated sentences.To produce correctly a sentence such asI met the man whom the government had tried to get France to extradite, we must anticipate when we writewhom that it will function as the object of the verb extradite, several clauses distant from it.It is thus not surprising that writers from Shakespeare onward should often have interchangedwho and whom. And though the distinction shows no signs of disappearing in formal style,strict adherence to the rules in informal discourse might be taken as evidence that the speaker or writer is paying undue attention to the form of what is said, possibly at the expense of its substance.In speech and informal writingwho tends to predominate over whom; a sentence such asWho did John say he was going to support? will be regarded as quite natural, if strictly incorrect. By contrast, the use ofwhom where who would be required, as inWhom shall I say is calling? may be thought to betray a certain linguistic insecurity. ? When the relative pronoun stands for the object of a preposition that ends a sentence,whom is technically the correct form: the strict grammarian will insist onWhom (not who ) did you give it to? But grammarians since Noah Webster have argued that the excessive formality ofwhom in these cases is at odds with the relative informality associated with the practice of placing the preposition in final position and that the use of who in these cases should be regarded as entirely acceptable. ? The relative pronounwho may be used in restrictive relative clauses, in which case it is not preceded by a comma, or in nonrestrictive clauses, in which case a comma is required.Thus, we may say eitherThe scientist who discovers a cure for cancer will be immortalized, where the clausewho discovers a cure for cancer indicates which scientist will be immortalized, orThe mathematician over there, who solved the four-color theorem, is widely known, where the clausewho solved the four-color theorem adds information about a person already identified by the phrase the mathematician over there. ? Some grammarians have argued that onlywho and not that should be used to introduce a restrictive relative clause that identifies a person. This restriction has no basis either in logic or in the usage of the best writers;it is entirely acceptable to write eitherthe man that wanted to talk to you or the man who wanted to talk to you. ? The grammatical rules governing the use ofwho and whom apply equally to whoever and whomever. See Usage Note at else ,that ,whose 确定用法的传统规则who 和 whom 相对简单： who 语法上用作主语，同 I 或 he 等主格代词的位置相同， 而whom 用于别处。 这样，我们写The actor who played Hamlet was there （演哈姆雷特的演员在那边）， 因此who 代表的是 played Hamlet 的主语。 在句子Who do you think is the best candidate? （你认为谁是最好的候选人?）中 who 代表 is the best candidate 的主语。 但是我们说To whom did you give the letter? （你把信给谁了?）， 因为whom 是介词 to 的宾语； 在句子The man whom the papers criticized did not show up, （报纸上批评的那个人没有来）， 因为whom 是动词 criticized 的宾语 。在复杂的句子里，正确应用这些规则需要相当的努力和注意。正确地造出如I met the man whom the government had tried to get France to extradite （我遇到了政府曾努力让法国引渡的那个人）这样的句子， 在写whom 之前我们必须预知它将作动词 extradite 的宾语， 尽管两个词离得很远。这也就难怪自莎士比亚以来的作家经常把who 和 whom 交换使用了。 尽管在正式文体中两者区别仍然存在，但如果在非正式的交谈中严格地遵守这些规则会被认为说话者或作者可能不顾内容而过分注视说话的形式。在口语和非正式书面语中，who 趋向于代替 whom; 人们会认为象Who did John say he was going to support? （约翰说他将支持谁?）这样句子很自然，尽管严格来说它是不正确的。 相反，在应该用who 的地方用 whom 则显出一种语言上的不稳定， 如Whom shall I say is calling? （我说是谁在打电话?）。 当关系代词替代句尾的介词宾语时，whom 在理论上是正确的形势： 严格的语法坚持Whom （而不是 who ) did you give it to?（你把它给谁了？） 但从诺·韦伯斯特以来的语法学家认为whom 在这种情况下过分正式，而把介词放在句尾相对来说又不正式，这就有了矛盾，所以在这种情况下用 who 完全可以接受。 关系代词who 可以用在限定关系从句中，前面不要加逗号， 也可用在非限定关系从句中，则需要加逗号。所以我们既可以说The scientist who discovers a cure for cancer will be immortalized （发现治愈癌症的方法的科学家将会因此而不朽）， 在此处从句who discovers a cure for cancer 指这样的科学家将会不朽， 也可以说The mathematician over there, who solved the four-color theorem, is widely known （在那边的数学家非常出名，他解决了四色定理）， 从句who solved the four-color theorem 给已经由短语 the mathematician over there 确定了的人增加了一些有关他的信息。 有些语法学家认为只有who 而不是 that 可以连接表示人的限定性关系从句。 这种限制在逻辑上没有根据，在最优秀作家的用法中也未有根据；无论说the man that wanted to talk to you （想要跟你说话的那个人）或 the man who wanted to talk to you 都是完全可以接受的。 有关who 和 whom 的语法规则同样适用于 whoever 和 whomever 参见 else,that,whose〔abandon〕To withdraw one's support or help from, especially in spite of duty, allegiance, or responsibility; desert:放弃，抛弃：不顾义务，忠诚或责任而不予支持或帮助；遗弃：〔ignore〕To refuse to pay attention to; disregard.See Regional Note at igg 不顾：拒绝注视（某事物）；忽视 参见 igg〔Kollontai〕Russian revolutionary and writer who joined the Social-Democratic Worker's Party (1898) despite her privileged social position. After the October Revolution (1917) she advocated sweeping reforms in traditional customs and institutions.柯伦泰，亚历山大·米哈伊洛维纳：(1872-1952) 俄国革命者和作家，她不顾享有有特权的社会地位，而加入了社会民主工人党（1898年）。十月革命以后（1917年），她主张对传统的习惯和制度进行彻底的变革〔talk〕To address someone orally with no regard for or interest in the person's reaction or response.直接表达意见而不顾他人的反应：口头上对某人讲话而对其反应或回应并不在意或没有兴趣〔Machiavelli〕Italian political theorist whose bookThe Prince (1513) describes the achievement and maintenance of power by a determined ruler indifferent to moral considerations. 马基雅维利，尼克尔：(1469-1527) 意大利政治理论家，他的著作《君主论》 （1513年）阐述了一个意志坚定的统治者不顾道德观念的约束如何获得并保持其权力 〔defiance〕went on strike in defiance of union policy.不顾工会政策举行罢工〔ram〕rammed the project through the city council despite local opposition.不顾地方上的反对，迫使市议会通过了这个计划〔doctrinaire〕A person inflexibly attached to a practice or theory without regard to its practicality.教条主义者：不顾实际而一味坚持某一经验和理论的人〔spite〕Not stopped by; regardless of:不因…而停止；不顾…：〔illogical〕Contradicting or disregarding the principles of logic.不合逻辑的：与逻辑原则相悖的或不顾逻辑原则的〔Pyrrhus〕King of Epirus (306-302 and 297-272) who defeated the Romans at Heraclea (280) and Asculum (279) despite his own staggering losses.皮洛士：伊庇鲁斯国王（公元前306-302以及公元前297-272年），不顾自身全军覆没的损失，在赫拉克莱亚（公元前280年）和奥斯库克姆（公元前279年）交战，打败了罗马军队〔persist〕To hold firmly and steadfastly to a purpose, a state, or an undertaking despite obstacles, warnings, or setbacks.坚持不懈，坚守：不顾任何阻碍、警告或挫折，都坚定不变地坚持一个目的、状况或事业〔extract〕To obtain despite resistance:不顾反抗而获得：〔sly〕 Cunning stresses cleverness and ingenuity,often at the expense of moral principles: Cunning 强调聪明机智，通常不顾道德标准： 〔endure〕To carry on through, despite hardships; undergo:度过，忍受：不顾艰难险阻而忍耐下去；容忍：〔Tamar〕In the Bible, the daughter-in-law of Judah. After the death of her first two husbands, who were his sons, she seduced him in disguise when, in spite of the requirements of levirate law, he did not allow her to marry his youngest surviving son.铊玛：圣经中犹大的媳妇。在她的前二任丈夫（都是犹大的儿子）死后，犹大却不顾古代希伯来法律的规定而不准他最小的儿子娶她为妻，于是她便以假扮的方式来诱惑犹大〔Meredith〕American civil rights advocate whose registration (1963) at the traditionally segregated University of Mississippi prompted a riot, which was spurred by state officials who defied federal pleas for peaceful integration.麦勒迪斯，詹姆斯·霍华德：(生于 1933) 美国民权倡导者，在1963年进入历来实行种族隔离的密西西比大学，并引发了一场骚乱，那些不顾联邦政府和平解决种族平等待遇的呼吁的州府官员们对这场骚乱起了推动作用〔Antigone〕The daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta. She performed funeral rites over her brother's body in defiance of her uncle Creon.安提戈涅：奥迪帕斯和伊俄卡斯塔的女儿，不顾舅父克利翁的反对而为哥哥的遗体举行了埋葬仪式〔Botha〕South African prime minister (1978-1989) who defended and upheld apartheid despite international protest.博萨，彼得·威廉：(生于 1916) 南非总理（1978-1989年），他不顾国际抗议继续保护和支持种族隔离政策〔audacious〕Fearlessly, often recklessly daring; bold.See Synonyms at adventurous ,brave 勇敢的，无畏的，敢于冒险的：无所畏惧的，常指不顾结果的大胆；鲁莽的 参见 adventurous,brave〔neglect〕neglected their warnings.不顾他们的警告〔spite〕They kept going in spite of their fears.他们不顾害怕继续前进〔forgetful〕Each passenger rushed toward the exit, unmindful of the others.每个乘客都不顾其他人涌向出口。〔flagrant〕in flagrant disregard of the law. What isglaring is blatantly and painfully manifest: 明目张胆地置法律于不顾。 Glaring 的事物表现得明显而使人疼痛： 〔carry〕carry a project through despite difficulties.不顾困难地完成一项计划〔Procrustean〕Exhibiting merciless disregard for individual differences or special circumstances:强求一致的：不顾个体区别或特殊环境无情地要求一致的：〔opportunist〕One who takes advantage of any opportunity to achieve an end, often with no regard for principles or consequences.机会主义者：指常不顾原则和后果而抓住一切机会追求自己利益的人〔licentious〕Lacking moral discipline or ignoring legal restraint, especially in sexual conduct.放荡的，淫乱的：缺乏道德规范或不顾法律约束的，尤指性行为 |
| 随便看 |
|
学习网英语词汇栏目收词371507余条，连同派生词、复合词、词组和习语等。每个词条提供了音标、词性、释义、用法、搭配和同（近）义词等多项功能，对所收词汇进行全方位的解释和说明，内容丰富，功能全面。